• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.73-77
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• 1992

From the roots of Angelica dahurica Bentham et Hooker (Umbelliferae), five coumarin glucosides together with adenosine have been isolated and identified as nodakenin, 3'-hydroxymarmesinin, tert-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl-byakangelicin, sec-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl-byakangelicin and scopolin. This is the first report of the occurrence of these compounds in this plant.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.304-307
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• 2007

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.9 no.3_4
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• pp.34-36
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• 1965

As the projects of this institute, a hundred and sixtyfive species of plants which are used currently as herb drugs in Korea were screened on the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, chalcones, lactones, glucosides, carbohydrates, terpenoids, steroids proteins, polypeptides, saponins, and organic acids, and the most reliable presence of alkaloids was detected by paper chromatograph. In this paper, presence of alkaloids is added by screening of 45 species.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.35-36
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• 1964

One of projects of this institute is phytochemical survey of the herb drugs in Korea for further study. A hundred and fifteen species of plants which are used currently as herb drugs in Korea were screened on the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, chalcones, lactones, glucosides, carbohydrates, terpenoids, steroids, proteins, polypeptides, saponins, and organic acids, and the most reliable presence of alkaloids was detected by paper chromatography. In this paper, presence of alkaloids is also tabulated after screening other 50 species.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.203.2-204
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• 2003

Nitric oxide (NO) produced in large amounts by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is known to be responsible for the vasodilation and hypotension observed in septic shock and inflammation. Inhibitors of iNOS, thus, may be useful candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases accompanied by the overproduction of NO. We prepared alcoholic extracts of woody plants and screened the inhibitory activity of NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages after the treatment of these extracts. (omitted)

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.573-578
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• 2008

Lactobacillus paraplantarum KM (Lp), Weissella sp. 33 (Ws), and Enterococcus faecium 35 (Ef) were used in single (Lp, Ws, Ef) or mixed cultures (Lp+Ws, Lp+Ef, Ws+Ef) for soy milk fermentation ($37^{\circ}C$, 12 h). After 12 h, the cell numbers, pH, and TA of soymilk were $7.4{\times}10^8-6.0{\times}10^9CFU/ml$, 3.8-4.5, and 0.59-0.70%, respectively. Changes in the contents of glycitin and genistin in soymilk fermented with Ef were not significant. The contents of isoflavone glucosides in soymilk fermented with the other cultures decreased significantly with an increase of aglycone contents (p<0.05). It corresponded well with a sharp increase in ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity during fermentation. About 92-100% of the daidzin and 98-100% of the genistin in soymilk were converted to corresponding aglycones by Lp, Ws, or Lp+Ef within 12 h.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.1224-1229
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• 2012

Puerarin (P), an isoflavone derived from kudzu roots, has strong biological activities, but its bioavailability is often limited by its low water solubility. To increase its solubility, P was glucosylated by three dextransucrases from Leuconostoc or Streptococcus species. Leuconostoc lactis EG001 dextransucrase exhibited the highest productivity of puerarin glucosides (P-Gs) among the three tested enzymes, and it primarily produced two P-Gs with a 53% yield. Their structures were identified as ${\alpha}$-$_D$-glucosyl-($1{\rightarrow}6$)-P (P-G) by using LC-MS or $^1H$- or $^{13}C$-NMR spectroscopies and ${\alpha}$-$_D$-isomaltosyl-($1{\rightarrow}6$)-P (P-IG2) by using specific enzymatic hydrolysis, and their solubilities were 15- and 202-fold higher than that of P, respectively. P-G and P-IG2 are easily applicable in the food and pharmaceutical industries as alternative functional materials.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.172-177
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• 2014

A glycosyltransferase, YjiC, from Bacillus licheniformis has been used for the modification of the commercially available isoflavonoids genistein, daidzein, biochanin A and formononetin. The in vitro glycosylation reaction, using UDP-${\alpha}$-D-glucose as a donor for the glucose moiety and aforementioned four acceptor molecules, showed the prominent glycosylation at 4' and 7 hydroxyl groups, but not at the $5^{th}$ hydroxyl group of the A-ring, resulting in the production of genistein 4'-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside, genistein 7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (genistin), genistein 4',7-O-${\beta}$-D-diglucoside, biochanin A-7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (sissotrin), daidzein 4'-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside, daidzein 7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (daidzin), daidzein 4', 7-O-${\beta}$-D-diglucoside, and formononetin 7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (ononin). The structures of all the products were elucidated using high performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array and high resolution quadrupole time-of-flight electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR QTOF-ESI/MS) analysis, and were compared with commercially available standard compounds. Significantly higher bioconversion rates of all four isoflavonoids was observed in both in vitro as well as in vivo bioconversion reactions. The in vivo fermentation of the isoflavonoids by applying engineered E. coli $BL21(DE3)/{\Delta}pgi{\Delta}zwf{\Delta}ushA$ overexpressing phosphoglucomutase (pgm) and glucose 1-phosphate uridyltransferase (galU), along with YjiC, found more than 60% average conversion of $200{\mu}M$ of supplemented isoflavonoids, without any additional UDP-${\alpha}$-D-glucose added in fermentation medium, which could be very beneficial to large scale industrial production of isoflavonoid glucosides.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.1047-1052
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• 2005

Two phenolic glucosides, eutigoside Band eutigoside C were isolated from the fresh leaves of Eurya emarginata. These two phenolic glucosides exerted a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells. Furthermore, when the HL-60 cells were treated with eutigoside C, several apoptotic characteristics such as DNA fragmentation, morphologic changes, and increase of the population of sub-G1 hypodiploid cells were observed. In order to understand the mechanism of apoptosis induction by eutigoside C, we examined the changes of Bcl-2 and Bax expression levels. The eutigoside C reduced BcI-2 protein and mRNA levels, but slightly increased Bax protein and mRNA levels in a time-dependent manner. When we examined the activation of caspase-3, an effector of apoptosis, the eutigoside C increased the expression of active form (19-kDa) of caspase-3 and the increase of their activities was demonstrated by the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, a substrate of caspase-3, to 85-kDa. The results suggest that the inhibitory effect of eutigoside C from E. emarginata on the growth of HL-60 appears to arise from the induction of apoptosis via the down-regulation of BcI-2 and the activation of caspase.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1961-1970
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• 2017

Lespedeza cuneata G. Don is a traditional herb that has been associated with multiple biological activities. In this study, we investigated the antioxidative/antiaging activities and performed an active component analysis of the non-fermented and fermented (using Lactobacillus pentosus) extracts of Lespedeza cuneata G. Don. The antioxidative activities of the fermented extract were higher than those of non-fermented extracts. The elastase inhibitory activity, inhibitory effects on UV-induced MMP-1 expression, and ability to promote type I procollagen synthesis were investigated in Hs68 human fibroblasts cells. These tests also revealed that the fermented extract had increased antiaging activities compared with the non-fermented extract. A component analysis of the ethyl acetate fractions of non-fermented and fermented extracts was performed using TLC, HPLC, and LC/ESI-MS/MS to observe changes in the components before and after fermentation. Six components that were different before and after fermentation were investigated. It was thought that kaempferol and quercetin were converted from kaempferol glucosides and quercetin glucosides, respectively, via bioconversion with the fermentation strain. These results indicate that the fermented extract of L. cuneata G. Don has potential for use as a natural cosmetic material with antioxidative and antiaging effects.