• 약학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.782-788
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• 1997

This study was designed to characterize glucose-enhancing effects on endotoxin-induced prostaglandin production in primary cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). High glucose treatment significantly augmented prostaglandin (PG) synthesis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated VSMC and this effect was maximal at the concentration of 4mg/ml. It has been reported that increases in glucose metabolism through sorbitol pathway could alter the cytosolic $NADH/NAD^+$ ratio and this change favors de novo synthesis of diacylglycerol (DAG) and, in turn. Results in the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) in vascular tissues. Protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, staurosporin and H7, blocked the glucose enhancing effect, and DAG, a PKC activator, significantly increased the PG production stimuated by LPS. Sodium pyruvate, which can reverse the alteration in cytosolic NADH/NAD+ ratio, reduced the high glucose effect on PG production. And also, zopolrestat, a strong aldose reductase inhibitor, almost completely blocked the augmentation effect of glucose on PG synthesis. Arachidonic acid release was significantly increased in high glucose treated group, which implied the increase in $PLA_2$ activity was associated with glucose enhancing effect. Metabloic, labeling study clearly showed that de novo synthesis of prostaglandin H synthase-2 (PGHS-2) is greatly increased in high glucose treated group and this was mitigated by the treatment of zopolrestat. Taken together, the activation of PKC through sorbitol pathway increased the activities of $PLA_2$ and PGHS which resulted in the augmentation in LPS-induced PG production in high glucose treated VSMC.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.277-281
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• 1988

Saccharomycopsis lipolytica의 citrate와 isocitrate의 생산에 미치는 itaconate의 영향을 조사하였다. Itaconate는 isocitrate lyase의 활성을 저해하며 저해율은 0.8mM 농도에서 약 80% 이었고, 개열반응에서는 직선적인 불경쟁적 저해를 나타내었으며 저해상수 Ki값은 0.18mM이었다. Itaconate는 glucose 배지에서는 균의 생육에 영향을 미치지 않았지만 n-hexadecane 배지에서는 균의 생육을 심하게 저해하였다. 한편 itaconate의 첨가량을 증가시킴에 따라 총산에 대한 isocitrate의 생산 비율은 n-hexadecane배지에서는 약 80%까지 증가하였으나 glucose배지에서는 거의 변화가 없었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.482-488
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• 2000

유전자 재조합 대장균을 이용하여 pyruvate dehydrogenase complex-E2 특이성 인간 모노클론 항체의 Fab부분이 생산되 었다. 재조합 대장균의 고밀도 배양과 이를 통한 재조합 인 간 항체의 고생산성을 확보하기 위한 최적 전략을 개발하기 위해 포도당과 초산의 영향에 대해 조사하였다. 포도당의 농 도가 높을수록 세포의 성장속도는 빨라지고 포도당의 소모속 도도 빨라짐을 알 수 있었다, 이때 포도당의 소모속도가 빨 라질수록 초산의 대사 부산물로서의 생성속도도 빨라졌다. 그러나 포도당이 고갈되면 일단 축적된 초산은 에너지원으로 소모되기 시작하고 이때의 소모속도는 배지내의 포도당의 농 도에 의존함을 알 수 있었다. 즉 초기 포도당의 농도가 어느 정도 높아 잔존 포도당의 농도가 높은 경우, 초산의 생성 속 도는 높고 에너지원으로 소모되는 속도는 느려져서 초산의 축적현상이 기하급수적으로 증가한다. 이렇게 높은 포도당 농도에 따라 축적된 초산은 항체 생산을 저해하였고, 저해를 위한 임계 초산 농도는$0.6g/\ell$이었다. 발현에 의해 항체를 생산하는 시기에서는, 포도당 농도가 높을수록 세포성장이 증대되나 초산에 의 한 저해 현상 및 catabolic repression의 영 향으로 항체 생산이 감소하였다. 따라서 발현 후 항체의 생산을 증진시키기 위해서는 포도당과 초산의 농도를 가능한 한 낮게 유지하는 것이 중요하다. 그러므로 고말도 배양과 재조합 인간 항체의 높은 생산성을 확보하기 위해서는 배양 액내의 포도당과 초산의 농도를 정밀하게 조절하는 것이 절실히 요구된다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.189-198
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• 1997

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of medium chain fatty acid salts, reported as enhancers in insulin nasal absorption, on the rectal absorption of insulin in rats. The serum glucose and remained insulin level in perfusate were measured after rectal recirculation of insulin with or without sod. laurate, sod. caprate and sod. caprylate in situ. The addition of sod. laurate or sod. caprate reduced serum glucose concentration considerably. Sod. caprate (1.0%) showed the greatest promoting effect on the decrement of serum glucose. Eudispert hv hydrogels containing insulin with medium chain fatty acid salts were, thereby, prepared and evaluated. The release rate of insulin from Eudispert hv hydrogels was reduced with an increase in the content of Eudispert hv, and was raised with increasing NaOH concentration. Ten percent Eudispert hv hydrogels were offered for the rectal administration of insulin. The addition of 1.0% sod. caprate reduced serum glucose concentration remarkably after rectal administration of 10% Eudispert hv hydrogels containing insulin. The level of glucose decrement was greater by 30% compared to subcutaneous administration of insulin solution. From the above findings, Eudispert hv hydrogels would be used as useful rectal delivery systems of insulin.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.478-482
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• 1993

LSM을 이용하여 KA112 균주의 고농도 배양을 시도하였다. Separator로는 hollow fiber를 사용하였고 reactor로는 Celligen을 이용하였다. Wroking volume 1리터로 10일간 배양하여 최고 세포농도가 회분식 배양에 비하여 10배 이상 증가한 $2.1\times10^7$ cells/ml이었고, 항체의 농도는 4.5배 정도 높았다. 최고 feed rate에서 항체생산속도는 회분식 배양보 다 9배 높았으며 배양 중 glucose농도가 Ig/e 이상일 때 specific productivity가 증가하였고, 1 g/6 이하얼 때 세포성장은 영향을 받지 않으냐 spe­c cific prodictivity는 감소하였다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.511-520
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• 2008

Purpose: Diabetes mellitus is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of metabolic disorders manifested by abnormally high levels of glucose in the blood. Mounting evidence demonstrates that diabetes is a risk factor for gingivitis and periodontitis. The circulating mononuclear phagocytes in diabetic patients with hyperglycemia are chronically exposed to high level of serum glucose. Thus, this study attempted to determine the effect of pre-exposure of monocytes and macrophages to high concentration of glucose on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Material and Methods: For this purpose, cells were cultured in medium containing normal (5 mM) or high glucose (25 mM) for 4-5 weeks before treatment for 24 h with LPS. LPS was highly purified from Porphyromonas gingivalis or Prevotella intermedia by phenol extraction. Result: Results showed that prolonged pre-exposure of cells to high glucose markedly increased LPS-stimulated NO secretion when compared to normal glucose. In addition to NO, high glucose also augmented LPS-stimulated IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-$\alpha$ secretion after cells were exposed to high glucose for 4 weeks. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that pre-exposure of mononuclear phagocytes with high glucose augments LPS-stimulated production of pro-inflammatory mediators. These findings may explain why periodontal tissue destruction in diabetic patients is more severe than that in non-diabetic individuals.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.81-84
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• 2003

Recently, diabetes has been found to be associated with osteoporosis. Specially in IDDM. In both type I and type II diabetes, glucose levels are elevated. Thus, a linkage between high glucose and osteoporosis can not be ruled out. In this study, an attempt has been made to observe the effect of high glucose on bone formation; osteoblast like UMR 106 cells were treated with high glucose (22 mM, 33 mM) for 1, 3 or 7 days. The high concentration of glucose inhibited markers. of bone formation activity such as alkaline phosphatase and collagen synthesis. In addition, reduction in the level of total cellular protein in response to high glucose was also observed. This study showed high glucose concentration could alter the bone metabolism leading to a defective bone formation and thus paving the linkage of such situation to diabetic complications.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.116-120
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• 2022

In this paper, we developed a paper blood glucose sensor that can minimize the effect of hematocrit. The paper blood glucose sensor has the advantage of being very simple in its production process as it is manufactured with only three printing processes on the top of the paper substrate. This glucose sensor consists of a total of six electrodes, including blood glucose measurement electrodes, hematocrit measurement electrodes, strip detection electrodes, and blood detection electrodes. A paper blood glucose sensor measures hematocrit with electrodes formed on the same sensor substrate when measuring blood glucose concentration, and compensates for the effect of hematocrit in real time to enable accurate blood glucose measurement.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.339-345
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• 1994

포도당 억제현상은 유전자 조작 및 induder에 의해 감소될 수 있다. UA8G와 GALl TATA box 사 이에서의 유전자 삭제는 포도당 억제현상을 줄이고 갈락토스가 존재하지 않는 조건에서 지속적인 유전자 발현을 도모했다. 상대적 inducer의 양(갈락토스/포 도당 농도의 비)은 유전자 발현 및 포도당 억제현상 에 영향을 주었다. 포도당 억제현상은 상대적 inducer의 양이 증가함에 따라 2-5배 정도 감소하였다. 또한 유전자 발현은 플라즈미드의 수에 좌우된다. 배지에 갈락토스만 았을 경우 유전자 발현은 플라즈 마드의 수가 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 반면에 배지에 포도당과 갈락토스가 함께 있는 경우 (2% G Glu+2% Gal), 플라즈미드의 수는 유전자 발현에 별다른 영향을 주지 못했다. 그러나 높은 상대적 m­d ducer 양이 배지에 있는 경우 (0.4% Glu+0.8% Gal), 플라즈미드의 수가 증가함에 따라 유전자 발 현이 증가하였다. 즉, 포도당 억제현상을 줄임으로써 유전자 발현효율을 높이고자 할 때 갈락토스의 농도 를 증가시키는 경우보다는 포도당의 농도를 낮춤으 로써 상대적 inducer의 양음 높여 유전자 발현을 유 도하는 방법이 보다 효율적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2001년도 발생공학 국제심포지움 및 학술대회 발표자료집
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• pp.55-55
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• 2001

Monosaccaride hexose, may have different role in embryo development of different species. Glucose, fructose and galactose are glycolysible substrates but their effect on embryo development is not identical. Glucose has negative effect to early embryonic stage in several species whereas it is inevitable after compaction. For fructose, it can support blastocyst formation in hamster, mouse and bovine embryo. Effect of galactose is known as detrimental even at a low concentration while glucose has adverse effect only at high concentration in hamster. (omitted)