• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.91-101
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• 2018

Purpose - This study compares the management efficiency of retailers in China, Korea and other global countries. China's retail industry is experiencing a recession. In order to strengthen the competitiveness of retailers, it is necessary to manage the efficiency. Therefore, we analyzed the management efficiency of Chinese retailers as well as Korea and global retailers who are competing with Chinese retailers. Research design, data, and methodology - The DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) carried out for evaluating the relative efficiency of multiple DMUs (decision making units) with homogeneity. Data were collected from the American Retail Trade Association (2017). In those distributors' data, 5 of China and 5 of Korea and 10 of other global countries' analyzed. CCR and BCC analysis were performed to determine the cause of the inefficiency of DMUs by measuring the technical efficiency, pure technology efficiency and scale efficiency. Result - Among the 20 retail distributors, Costco, Kroger (Global), Eland World, BGF(Korea) are operating efficiently. Chinese retailers are operating inefficiently. Retailers' CRS status means the growth rate of input is equal to the growth rate of output. In the case of DRS status, the ratio of output to input variable is much smaller. In order to improve inefficiency, reducing input variables can be a solution. For the firms in IRS status, the rate of increase in output is relative greater than the input. That means efficiency is good condition. The analysis result shows that most retailers are showing DRS status especially Chinese retailers. Scale efficiency is a major cause of inefficiency rather than pure technology efficiency. It is recommended for ineffective retailers to reduce inputs to become efficient retailers. Otherwise, retrain existing employees or introducing advanced technologies to increase the output. Conclusions - Most of Chinese retailers are operating inefficiently which caused by the excessive investment in the inputs. On the other hand, Other global retailers are analyzed to be efficient by DEA. In this study, benchmarking targets of some retailers' suggested to improve the management efficiency especially in inputs.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.141-172
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• 1996

This study is to investigate global logistics strategies of Korean electronics companies. in terms of service parts. According to the survey, Korean electronics companies were pursuing multi-level global logistics network such as global, continental, national, regional and service center echelon for improving the efficiency of service parts global logistics. Especially there was a tendency of developing new continental distribution centers. And the companies were exploiting efficiency through inventory control by multi-level echelon, demand forecasting by the product life cycle and supply and service lead time management. But there were some insufficient factors for the efficiency of global logistics operation at the construction of worldwide real time logistics information system and pursuit of the efficiency on the whole network including subcontractors. For the future competitive advantage of the Korean electronics companies, the following are suggested: 1) the establishment of arranged logistics channel adjusting each company's global strategy, 2) the construction of worldwide real time logistics information system, 3) the reengineering of all logistics procedures such as order processing, shipping, inventory control, etc., 4) the enhancement of the ratio of the supply from the external companies and the internal manufacturing subsidiaries at each continent, 5) and the pursuit of operational internalization of external subcontractors.

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.191-199
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• 2023

BACKGROUND: Assessment of left ventricular (LV) function plays a pivotal role in the management of patients with valvular heart disease, including those caused by rheumatic heart disease. Noninvasive LV pressure-strain loop analysis is emerging as a new echocardiographic method to evaluate global LV systolic function, integrating longitudinal strain by speckle-tracking analysis and noninvasively measured blood pressure to estimate myocardial work. The aim of this study was to characterize global LV myocardial work efficiency in patients with severe rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) with preserved ejection fraction (EF). METHODS: We retrospectively included adult patients with severe rheumatic MS with preserved EF (> 50%) and sinus rhythm. Healthy individuals without structural heart disease were included as a control group. Global LV myocardial work efficiency was estimated with a proprietary algorithm from speckle-tracking strain analyses, as well as noninvasive blood pressure measurements. RESULTS: A total of 45 individuals with isolated severe rheumatic MS with sinus rhythm and 45 healthy individuals were included. In healthy individuals without structural heart disease, the mean global LV myocardial work efficiency was 96% (standard deviation [SD], 2), Compared with healthy individuals, median global LV myocardial work efficiency was significantly worse in MS patients (89%; SD, 4; p < 0.001) although the LVEF was similar. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with isolated severe rheumatic MS and preserved EF, had global LV myocardial work efficiencies lower than normal controls.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.123-144
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• 2011

This study used a non-parametric linear program, Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) to compare the efficiency of Korean and global container shipping companies from 2005 to 2009. The sample shipping companies were 7 Korean container shipping companies and 11 global container shipping companies. The main objective of our research is to compare their efficiency, as well as the changes in efficiency periodically according to the types of the container shipping companies. According to the periodical analysis, both Korean and Global container shipping companies showed a steady decrease in efficiency. The study showed that Korean container shipping companies have greater efficiency than their global rivals.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.6 s.102
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• pp.495-500
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• 2005

This paper presents an approach to the measurement of efficiency which is trunk route of global liners. Data envelopment analysis(DEA), as it is called, has particular applicability in the service sector. Applying mathematical programming techniques, DEA enables relative efficiency ratings to be derived within a set of analysed units(Iine services). This paper investigates the efficiency employing DEA Model of line services classified into routes( ex. America-asia line, Europe-asia line, Pendulum line etc). Results of this paper, suggests to some plans for improving the performance in the side of operating global liners.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.473-478
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• 2005

This paper presents a approach to the measurement of efficiency which is trunk route of global liner. Data evelopment analysis(DEA), as it is called, has particular applicability in the service sector. Applying mathematical programming techniques, DEA enables relative efficiency ratings to be derived within a set of analysed units(line services). This paper investigates the efficiency employing DEA Model of line service classified into route(ex. America-asia line, Europe-asia line, Pendulum line etc). Result of this paper, suggests to some plan for improving the performance in the side of operating global liner.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.407-412
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• 2016

We analyzed through numerical simulations the properties of a square beam homogenizer near the target for laser shock peening. The efficiency was calculated near the target by considering the plasma threshold of the metals. We defined the depth of focus of the square beam homogenizer with a given efficiency near the target. Then, we found the relationship between the depth of focus for the laser shock peening and four main parameters of the square beam homogenizer: the plasma threshold of the metal, the number of lenslets in the array-lens, the focal length of the condenser lens and the input beam size.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1845-1850
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• 2006

적절한 벤치마킹 대상의 선정은 조직 계획 및 통제에 있어 중요한 요소로 인식되고 있으며, 이에 대한 많은 연구가 이루어져 왔다. 특히, 조직의 상대적 성과 평가와 이를 바탕으로 벤치마킹 대상을 결정하는 DEA(data envelopment analysis)의 출현은 벤치마킹에 대한 연구를 증대시켜왔다. 하지만, 벤치마킹 대상 선정은 기술적 생산 가능성 측면 외에도 조직의 정책적 고려, 관리적 우위 그리고 외부 제약 등을 고려해야 한다. 따라서 수리적 결과에 바탕을 둔 기술적 생산 가능성만을 가지고 벤치마킹 대상을 제공하는 현재의 DEA 접근 방법에는 한계가 있다. 즉, 고려하는 모든 대상을 기반으로 한 global efficiency 관점에서 제공하는 해가 비 효율적 조직 입장에서는 바람직하지 않을 수도 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 local efficiency 개념을 도입하여, 다양한 관점에서 벤치마킹 대안들을 살펴 볼 수 있는 방법을 제공하고자 한다. 이는 다음과 같은 과정에 의해 수행된다. 먼저, DEA를 이용하여 비교하고자 하는 모든 DMU(decision making unit)의 투입/산출물을 바탕으로 각 DMU의 효율성 값과 비효율적 DMU의 참조집합 (reference set)을 도출한다. 다음으로, 도출된 참조집합이 조직 운영 관점에서 적절한 벤치마킹 대상이며, 이러한 목표를 달성할 수 있는가를 평가한다. 이때 도출된 벤치마킹 대상이 적절하다면 분석과정을 종료하고, 적절하지 않을 경우 다음과 같은 추가적인 분석을 수행한다. 우선, 각 참조 집합을 중심으로 DMU를 그룹핑하고, 각 그룹별로 효율성 값 및 참조집합을 도출한다. 이때 도출된 효율성 값이 local efficiency 값에 해당된다. 다음으로, 참조 집합 그룹을 중심으로 도출된 비효율적 DMU의 참조집합이 적절한 벤치마킹 대상인가를 판단한다. 적절한 벤치마킹 대상을 도출하였으면 분석을 종료하고, 그렇지 않을 경우 적절한 벤치마킹 대상을 도출할 때까지 추가적인 분석과정을 반복한다. 제안한 방법을 통하여 조직은 기술적 생산 가능성 외에도 다양한 조직 운영 관점에서 적절한 벤치마킹 대상을 선정할 수 있으며, 이에 따른 목표를 수립할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 또한 더 나아가 global efficiency 관점에서 효율적 조직이 되기 위하여 단계적인 벤치마킹 대상 선정과 이에 따른 목표를 수립하는데도 유용하리라 판단된다.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.78-89
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• 2013

This study empirically analyze efficiency and productivity changes of public hospitals of Korea using data envelopment analysis/Window model and global Malmquist indices model. We use the ten-year data from 2001 to 2010 of 30 regional public hospitals listed database from the Association of Korean Regional Public Hospitals. The main focuses are to reveal whether the technical inefficiency are improved as time goes by, and efficiency and productivity are affected by environmental factors. The results can be summarized as follows. First, the efficiencies of public hospitals rise in trend as time passes. Second, regional public hospitals show the different average efficiencies according to their regional type, hospital type, operational type, medicaid type, and demand and supply conditions by Mann-Whitney U-tests. Third, technical efficiency changes mainly contribute to 4.4% annual average growth rate of productivity of regional public hospitals during that period. Our findings have some policy implications. It is confirmed that there exist some environmental inefficiencies, and those inefficiencies can not be overcome through just improving the inner management system. Thus, policy and institutional changes are necessary for regional public hospitals to improve efficiency and productivity overall.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.771-784
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the efficiency and productivity of the quality by integrating the product quality and service quality of global automobile brands from the customer's perspective. Methods: In this study, the data from JD Power and GoodCarBadCar.net were used to analyze the efficiency and productivity of a total of 24 automobile brands (10 luxury brands and 14 mainstream brands) between 2009 and 2013. For this, DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) and MPI (Malmquist Productivity Index) were used. Results: The mean efficiency of the quality of global automobile brands were 0.725 for luxury brands and 0.587 for mainstream brands, which suggests generally higher efficiency for luxury brands. The productivity of the quality of global automobile brands increased by 16.1% for luxury brands while it decreased by 3.1% for mainstream brands. Conclusion: The study provides a theoretical implication in that it emphasized the efficiency of the quality viewed from the customer's perspective, and investigated the quality of the product and that of service in an integrative manner. In addition, this study provides also a practical implication in that it suggests how to set the sales goal by the brand and how to manage according to the characteristics of the brand to the managers of automobile manufacturers.