• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.415-416
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• 1975

1. The author have had a case of class V and class Ⅲ combined carious lesion extended on to root surface of upper right lateral incisor. 2. The patient was 40 years old female. 3. After routine root canal treatment of the tooth, the gingival flap was made by vertical incision on gingival tissue between distal surface of upper right lateral incisor and mesial surface of upper right canine. 4. Cavity preparation and amalgam filling on the carious lesion were performed and the flap was sutured.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.216-221
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• 2006

Cyclosporin A-induced gingival hyperplasia is frequently found in the patients who have been received an immunosuppressant for the organ transplantation. However, its exact mechanism is still unknown. The expression of FGF-5 and FGF-7 were studied in cyclosporine A-induced gingival hyperplasia (CGH) and inflammatory gingival hyperplasia (IGH). Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used for localization of protein and mRNA. The expression of FGF-5 and FGF-7 was different from CGH and IGH. FGF-5 and FGF-7 was strongly expressed in fibroblast in CGH (P<0.005 and P<0.05, respectively). FGF-5 mRNA was localized in the middle portion of connective tissue. FGF-7 mRNA was also identified in fibroblasts and mast cells. In conclusion, FGF-5 and FGF-7 were produced excessively by fibroblasts in CGH. Considering their known functions, their expression in CGH is important for production of collagen and proliferation of fibroblasts.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.9-26
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• 1983

In order to investigate the biocompatibility of silver-palladium alloys, gingival fibroblast was obtained from a healthy human gingival and cultured in MEM medium with the addition of silverpalladium alloys. Four different mixture of silver-palladium alloys comprising of Ag-Pd-Au, Ag-Pd-In and Ag-Sn were tested. Results were assessed by calculating the cell multiplication rate per millimeter of medium and morphological changes in cells were also observed and noted.The obtained results were as follows; 1. Ag-Pd-Au alloy was indicated to be most biocompatible with gingival fibroblast. Also there was a decrease in cytotoxicity of the alloy as the concentration of gold increased. 2. Ag-Pd alloy showed a decrease in cell multiplication rate as compared to Ag-Pd~Au alloy. 3. Silver-palladium alloy supplemented with Indium increased the cell multiplication rate. 4. Among the alloys tested, Ag-Sn alloy was indicated to be the most cytotoxic and the least biocompatible with human gingival fibroblast.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.741-755
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• 1995

구강내 매식된 임프란트가 과도한 교합력이나 염증등의 이유로 구강내로 노출되었을 때 세균독소에 이완된 면을 제거하고 평활한 면을 형성하여 주위의 연조직, 경조직에 적합한 상태로 만들어 건강한 상태로 구강내에 유지하기 위해서 임프란트 매식체 표면을 기계적인 표면처리방법으로 처치하여 이러한 방법이 임프란트 표면성분, 치은섬유아세포의 전개양상에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 본 실험을 실행하였다. IMZ사에서 제작한 직경 10mm, 높이 2mm의 원판 타이타늄을 이용하여 피막되지 않은 타이타늄면과 TPS면을 대조군으로 하고 기계적인 표면처리방법인 low speed stone bur처치면을 실험군으로 설정한 후 EDX로 타이타늄 표면성분을 분석하였고 주사전자현미경으로 치은섬유아세포의 전개양상을 관찰하였다. EDX에 의한 타이타늄 표면성분분석 결과 모든 실험군에서 titanium peak, 소량의 aluminum이 나타났으며 그외의 성분은 나타나지 않았다. 치은섬유아세포의 전개양상에 대한 주사전자현미경 관찰결과 평활한 타이타늄면에서 접종 30분 후 세사상돌기와 박판엽상으로 확장된 세포가 많이 관찰되며 6시간 후 신장된 치은섬유아세포가 시편에 밀착된 양상을 보였고 24시간 후 치은섬유아세포는 시편의 모든 면을 피개하며 가공시의 평행한 선을 따라 방향성을 띄었다. TPS가 잔존한 stone처치군에서 세포 접종 30분 후 세사상돌기가 적게 관찰되어 평활한 타이타늄면에 비해 초기부착이 늦은 것을 알 수 있었고 6, 24시간후 치은섬유아세포는 거친면으로 인해 시편에 밀착되지 못한 양상을 보였으나 평활한 타이타늄면과 연결되며 시편의 모든면을 피개하였다. TPS군에서 치은섬유아세포는 세포 접종 30분후 세사상돌기를 거의 찾아 볼 수 없어 초기부착이 다른군에 비해 늦으며 세포배양 6, 24시간후에도 시편에 밀착되지 못하고 박판상돌기가 가늘고 길게 돌출되어 여러면에 부착된 양상을 보였으며 세포가 부착되지 않은 TPS면이 관찰되었다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.291-302
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• 2002

In most of the previous studies, invasive and discrete techniques have been used to monitor the healing process of the gingival graft. However, Laser Doppler Flowmetry(LDF, floLAB(R), Moor Instruments Ltd., England) is a non-invasive technique for measurement of blood flow in the tissue and also allows continuous monitoring. Thus, we tested the usefulness of LDF in monitoring the healing process of free gingival graft at gingival recession. Eleven gingival graft site of 7 patients, including 5 males and 2 females, aged between 21 and 41 years (mean age 28.5) were monitored for the blood flow. The blood flow in gingival graft at coronal site, central site, apical site, mesial site and distal site was measured using LDF. Blood flow was measured at 1- week, 2- week, 3- week and 4- week after gingival graft surgery from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Time-course of the healing process was evaluated by statistical analysis using repeated ANOVA and Duncan test. The results were as follows : (1) Blood flow stayed increased for 2 weeks, and then, it was a tendency to decrease. (2) The blood flow at distal site had always higher than mesial site during the measuring periods. (3) The blood flow was high orderly after 1 week ; most coronal site, most apical site, central site. But that was high orderly after 2 week, 3 week, 4 week ; most coronal site, central site, most apical site. In conclusion, LDF was a useful and clinically adaptable method to monitor wound healing process. Our study suggested that it was important to protect surgical site to promote initial wound healing.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.235-247
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• 2002

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chitosan coating on the attachment, proliferation, functional and morphological change of human gingival fibroblasts. Primary culture of human gingival fibroblasts were grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% antibiotics. In experimental group, cells were inoculated in the multiwell plates coated with chitosan in concentration of 0.02, 0.2, and 2 mg/ml. Cell counting and MTT assay were done after 0.5, 1.5, 3, 6 and 24 hours of incubation to evaluate the cell attachment, and then after 2 and 7 days of culture to evaluate the cell proliferation. The alkaline phosphatase activity was measured after 4 and 7 days of culture and the ability to produce mineralized nodules was evaluated after 21 days of culture. The results were as follows : The morphology of cells on the chitosan-coated well was round or spheric. Round cells were aggregated since 6 hours of culture and showed nodule-like appearance after 24 hours of culture and did not achieved confluency at 7 days. The attachment of gingival fibroblasts was inhibited by chitosan coating with a tendency of dose dependent pattern. But, cellular activity of unit cell was higher than control. The proliferation of gingival fibroblasts was inhibited by chitosan coating at 2 mg/ml(P<0.01), while the cell proliferation at 0.02, 0.2 $mg/m{\ell}$ was comparable to the control well. Total alkaline phosphatase activity was inhibited by chitosan coating and decreased in the course of time. While ALP activity of unit cell was the highest at 2mg/ml after 4 days of culture. Finally, gingival fibroblasts produced the mineralized nodule at 2 mg/ml. In summary, the attachment, proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase activity of gingival fibroblasts were influenced differently by the concentration of coated chitosan. From this study, it could be used as the matrix of tissue engineering for gingiva without inhibition on proliferation of gingival fibroblasts using chitosan at the optimal concentration (0.02mg/ml).

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.218-226
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• 2023

Treatment of multiple gingival recession defects is usually more challenging than that of single gingival recession. Various techniques for the treatment of multiple gingival recession have been established. Recently, vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access (VISTA) technique has been considered to exhibit high predictive ability. Connective tissue graft (CTG) has also been considered a gold standard technique owing to its high predictability of root coverage. However, this technique requires a suitable donor site and has clinical disadvantages, such as additional pain. Thus, in this case presentation, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was used as an alternative material for CTG along with VISTA. We herein report cases of two patients with Miller's class I and III multiple gingival recession defects, respectively. These patients underwent VISTA along with the use of a PRF membrane. They were followed up for 12 months postoperatively, and their clinical parameters, including probing depth, depth of gingival recession, clinical attachment level, and width of attached gingiva at baseline and at 2, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, were assessed. The patient with class 1 recession defects exhibited a significant amount of root coverage, which remained stable during the follow-up period. Whereas the patient with class 3 recession defects had lesser amount of coverage compared to class 1 patient. The partial coverage observed may be attributed to not only anatomical factors but also the technique-sensitive nature of the procedure. Considering these results, the use of VISTA along with PRF is a viable option for treating gingival recession, as it does not cause discomfort to patients. However, various factors need to be considered during the surgical procedure.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.1005-1008
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• 1977

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.323-331
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• 2013

고정성 국소의치를 이용한 수복 시 보철물 자체의 심미성뿐 아니라 보철물과 조화로운 주변 연조직의 형성 또한 중요한 요소이며, 임시보철물을 이용하여 조화로운 연조직의 형태를 형성할 수 있다. 임시보철물을 통해 형성한 연조직의 형태는 적절한 형태를 갖는 최종 수복물을 제작하는데 필요한 정보를 제공할 수 있도록 최종모형으로 정확하게 복제되어야 한다. 그러나, 임시보철물 주위 연조직의 형태는 인상과정 또는 인상재의 압력 등으로 최종 모형으로의 복제가 어렵다. 따라서, 임시보철물을 이용하여 형성한 구강내의 연조직 형태를 모형으로 복제하여 연조직과 조화로운 최종 수복물을 제작하는 서로 다른 2가지 방법을 본 증례보고에서 소개한다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.300-314
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• 1993

Periodontal disease research has been focused on understanding the immunopathologic mechanisms which may operate in the development and maintenance of peiodontal inflammatory changes. Immunologic and inflammatory responses may relate to the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease. In order to research immunopathology of periodontal disease, previous investigators have spent much time on the distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations and NK cells but they have spent less time on the changes of those cells to the periodontal disease severity. The purpose of study was performed to investigate the changes of the distribution of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, T lymphocyte subsets, and Natural Killer cells in the gingival epithelium and connective tissue of the periodontal disease with the various clinical parameters including Gingival Index, Sulcular Bleeding Index, and pocket depth. Gingival tissues were obtained from 25 patients with different severity of periodontal disease. Serial cryostat sections displaying a cross section of gingiva were labelled with monoclonal antibody for pan T cells, T cytotoxic/suppressor cells, T helper/inducer cells, pan B cells, and NK cells were develped using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase system. Lymphocyte populations were enumerated in repeatable fields from gingival section. 1. T cells were more increased at grade 1 and 3 than at grade 0 of gingival index (p<0.05). Helper T cells and NK cells were significantly increased at grade 1, 2, 3 than at grade 0(p<0.05). 2. T cells were more decreased at grade 3 and 4 than at grade 1 of sulcular bleeding index (p<0.01, p<0.05). Especially, Natural Killer cells were significantly increased at grade 1, 2, 3, 4 than at grade 0 (p<0.05, p<0.001). 3. The ratios of helper T/suppressor T cells were more decreased at grade 4 than at grade 0 and at grade 4 than at grade 2 of sulcular bleeding index (p<0.05, p<0.05). 4. Helper T cells were significantly decreased at grade II and III than at grade I, however the Natural Killer cells showed a increasing tendency with the increase of the pocket depth, there were no significant differences between each grade of pocket depth. 5. The ratios of helper T/suppressor T cells were tended to be decreased with the increase of the pocket depth, there were no significant differences between each grades of pocket depth. There was a very weak change in the distribution of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, T lymphocyte subsets, and Natural Killer cells in the gingival epithelium and connective tissue of the periodontal lesion with the various clinical parameters including gingial index, sulcular bleeding index, and pocket depth. But, the number of T lymphocytes and Natural Killer cells were significantly changed in gingival index and sulcular bleeding index.