• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.993-997
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• 2002

A glucanhydrolase (a DXAMase exhibiting both dextranolytic and amylolytic activities) from Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 hydrolyzed polysaccharides having ${\alpha}-(1{\rightarrow}3)-,\;{\alpha}(1{\rightarrow}4)-,\;and\;{\alpha}-(1{\rightarrow}6)$-D-glucosidic linkages. The oral hygiene benefits of DXAMase-containing mouthwash were examined in relation to human experimental gingivitis during a 3-week period without brushing. The DXAMase-treated group exhibited a lower increase in plaque accumulation and gingival index score than the chlorhexidine-treated group. The DXAMase-treated group also showed less tongue accumulation, bad taste, and tooth staining, thus indicating a positive role for DXAMase as an antiplaque agent ingredient.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.701-706
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• 2016

The difference of oral environment improvement effect of the test dentifrice was examined by applying the Centella Asiatica extract on the oral dentifrice composed by above ingredients. And by using the double blind manner the plaque, gingival index and probing pocket depth were measured and the corresponding changes were set to be verified.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.213-223
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• 2018

Purpose: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic oral mucosal disease that has been recognized as an immune condition. The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors affecting the clinical outcomes of topical corticosteroid application on OLP lesions using dexamethasone gargle and ointment. Methods: The charts of patients who were clinically diagnosed with OLP and treated with dexamethasone from July 2003 to August 2017 at the Section of Dentistry of Seoul National University Bundang Hospital were thoroughly evaluated to identify subjects who were suitable for this retrospective study. For each patient, age at the index date, gender, medical history, and dental records related to OLP lesions and dexamethasone treatment were reviewed. Results: In total, 113 of the 225 patients were included in the present study. Among them, 79 patients were female (69.9%) and 34 were male (30.1%), with a mean age of 57.6 years. The average duration of dexamethasone treatment was 4.7 months and the mean follow-up period was 2.24 years. Improvements were observed within 1 year after dexamethasone treatment in most cases, and 17.7% of patients had a new OLP lesion after treatment. New OLP lesions were more frequently gingival than mucosal, although mucosal OLP lesions were more common than gingival OLP lesions in all age groups. In age- and gender-adjusted multivariate logistic regression, a history of malignant disease was found to be a significant factor affecting the formation of new lesions. Gingival OLP lesions and intermittent use of dexamethasone showed near-significant associations. In Kaplan-Meier failure analysis, history of malignancy, menopausal status, age, and the site of the OLP lesion were significant factors affecting clinical outcomes. Conclusions: The treatment outcomes of OLP were significantly influenced by age, history of malignancy, menopausal status, and the site of the OLP lesion, but not by factors related to dexamethasone treatment.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.147-162
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• 2021

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of glycine powder air-polishing (GPAP) in patients during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) compared to hand instrumentation and ultrasonic scaling. Methods: The authors searched for randomized clinical trials in 8 electronic databases for relevant studies through November 15, 2019. The eligibility criteria were as follows: population, patients with chronic periodontitis undergoing SPT; intervention and comparison, patients treated by GPAP with a standard/nozzle type jet or mechanical instrumentation; and outcomes, bleeding on probing (BOP), patient discomfort/pain (assessed by a visual analogue scale [VAS]), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (Rec), plaque index (PI), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival epithelium score, and subgingival bacteria count. After extracting the data and assessing the risk of bias, the authors performed the meta-analysis. Results: In total, 17 studies were included in this study. The difference of means for BOP in patients who received GPAP was lower (difference of means: -8.02%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -12.10% to -3.95%; P<0.00001; I²=10%) than that in patients treated with hand instrumentation. The results of patient discomfort/pain measured by a VAS (difference of means: -1.48, 95% CI, -1.90 to -1.06; P<0.001; I²=83%) indicated that treatment with GPAP might be less painful than ultrasonic scaling. The results of PD, Rec, PI, and CAL showed that GPAP had no advantage over hand instrumentation or ultrasonic scaling. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that GPAP may alleviate gingival inflammation more effectively and be less painful than traditional methods, which makes it a promising alternative for dental clinical use. With regards to PD, Rec, PI, and CAL, there was insufficient evidence to support a difference among GPAP, hand instrumentation, and ultrasonic scaling. Higher-quality studies are still needed to assess the effects of GPAP.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.81-94
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• 2011

Objectives : This study conducted to investigate oral care abilities in diabetic patients to find a good dental method which may efficiently control diabetes. Methods : The diabetic group consisted of 40 patients with type 2 diabetics, while the non-diabetes were 34 persons with no signs of diabetics, who had visited a Public Health Center and dental clinic of a general hospital in Gwangju city from Dec. 2008 to Sep. 2009. Periodontal disease, gingivitis, dental caries, tongue plaque and halitosis between diabetic group and non-diabetic group were examined and at the same time a questionnaire survey was conducted. The data were analyzed with chi-square, t-test, pearson correlation coefficients using the SPSS WIN 15.0 program. Results : The mean values of both the community periodontal index and the gingival index of diabetic group were 2.18 and 1.75, respectively, and those were higher than those (1.79 and 1.50) of non-diabetic group with no statistical significance. The mean saliva secretion of non-diabetics was 16.74 mL, which was higher than 13.90 mL of diabetic patients(p<0.05). The oral care ability(mean 3.10) acquired from plague index in diabetic group was worse than in non-diabetic(mean 2.33). Conclusions : The high blood sugar concentration in diabetic patients causes low saliva secretion and high saliva viscosity, with the results halitosis and periodontal disease take place. This study suggested that good oral care ability of diabetic patients was very helpful to prevent periodontal disease and halitosis. In addition to this, it may reduce complications of diabetic patients.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2009

Ingredient analysis and the medical action of various teas are accomplished on multi angle. However, the research regarding the prevention and a treatment of oral cavity disease, which use the green tea, is still insufficient relatively. In this experiment, the virtue of green tea bag on periodontal disease was studied. This experiment was used in 11 beagles. As a test group, 6 beagles were rinsed their tooth with green tea bag. The remaining 5 beagles were rinsed with filter paper which was soaked with normal saline. The test found no statistical significance in gingival index, plaque index, calculus index and dental pocket depth. But the number of bacteria colonies decreased significantly in test groups. The periodontal disease is related to the number of bacterial colonies. Therefore, this results show that the green tea bag is effective for periodontal disease.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.397-406
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes of interproximal bone density by means of videodensitometer and to examine the clinical applicability of videodentitometer to assess the periodontal disease activity.Twelve interproximal sites, with periodontal pockets deeper than 5mm and vertical loss of bone on standard dental radiograph, were treated by subgingival curettage. The papilla bleeding index, the plaque index, the degree of mobility, the depth of pockets, and the level of attachment were measured. Standardized reproducible radiographs were taken by using the occlusal stent with parallelling film holder. The density of the interdental bone was measured on the radiographs by a videodensitometer at three levels: the most 'superficial' level; the 'deep' level, arbitrarily 1.5mm below: and the 'apical' level, where no bony changes were to be expected. The clinical parameter and the radiographical change were measured at initial, and 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment.The results were as follows :1. The papilla bleeding index and the degree of mobility decreased significantly until 3 months after subgingival curettage and showed the Same level in the remaining experimental periods. 2. The pocket depth mainly decreased due to the gingival recession until 1 month after treatment, but to the attachment gain after 1 month. 3. The density of the interdental bone did not show a significance increase until 1 month after treatment, but showed a steady increase throughout the 6 months of observation. 4. The close relationships were shown between the decrease in pocket depth and the gain of attachment and the improvement of bone density at 6 months after treatment.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.169-177
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• 2015

Purpose: Despite the high success rates of endosseous dental implants, their placement is restricted according to the height and volume of bone available. The use of short or mini dental implants could be one way to overcome this limitation. Thus, this study aimed to compare standard, short, and mini dental implants with regard to associated clinical parameters and peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) levels of cathepsin-K (CTSK), RANK ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG), after prosthodontic loading. Methods: A total of 78 non-submerged implants (Euroteknika, $Aesthetica^{+2}$, Sallanches, France) were installed in 30 subjects (13 male, 17 female; range, 26-62 years) who visited the clinic of the Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University. Sampling and measurements were performed on the loading date (baseline) and 2, 14, and 90 days after loading. Assessment of the peri-implant status for the implant sites was performed using the pocket probing depth (PPD), modified plaque index, modified gingival index, modified sulcular bleeding index, and radiographic signs of bone loss. PICF samples collected from each implant were evaluated for CTSK, RANKL, and OPG levels using the ELISA method. Keratinized tissue and marginal bone loss (MBL) were also noted. Results: Clinical parameters statistically significantly increased in each group but did not show statistical differences between groups without PPD. Although implant groups showed a higher MBL in the upper jaw, only the standard dental group demonstrated a statistically significant difference. At 90 days, the OPG:sRANKL ratio and total amounts of CTSK for each group did not differ from baseline. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, both short and mini dental implants were achieving the same outcomes as the standard dental implants in the early period after loading.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.134-142
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and tranexamic acid (TXA) mouth rinse on patients with gingivitis. Methods: This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group, clinical trial included 45 healthy adults with gingivitis, who were randomized into 2 groups. The experimental group used a 0.05% CPC and 0.05% TXA mouth rinse, and the control group used a placebo mouth rinse. The following clinical indices were assessed at baseline, at 3 weeks, and at 6 weeks: the Turesky-Quigley-Hein plaque index (QHI), the $L{\ddot{o}}e-Silness$ gingival index (GI), and bleeding on marginal probing (BOMP). The subjects used the mouth rinse during the experimental period for 20 seconds, 4-5 times daily (10 mL each time). Results: There were no significant differences in the clinical indices between the groups at baseline. In the experimental group (CPC+TXA), a statistically significant improvement was evident in the QHI, GI, and BOMP at 3 and 6 weeks. These results were similar to those observed in the control group at 3 and 6 weeks, although the change in BOMP was not statistically significant in that group. At 6 weeks, the experimental group had a significantly lower mean score for the QHI than the control group. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that a CPC and TXA mouth rinse exhibited significant antiplaque and anti-gingivitis efficacy, and had a positive effect on bleeding control when used daily for 6 weeks.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.280-287
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this randomized single-blind controlled trial was to elucidate the clinical and antimicrobial effects of daily phototherapy (PT) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in patients with chronic periodontitis. Methods: The study was conducted from December 2013 to May 2014 at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea. Forty-one patients with mild to moderate chronic periodontitis were randomly divided into two therapeutic groups in a 1:1 ratio: SRP+PT and SRP (control) groups. All participants underwent full-mouth SRP. PT was performed thrice a day for a month by using electric toothbrushes with embedded light-emitting diodes. Plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing were assessed before (baseline) and four weeks after (follow-up) the treatment. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Parvimonas micra, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus sobrinus levels were detected by a real-time polymerase chain reaction at the same points in time. Results: The clinical parameters improved in both the groups. At the follow-up assessment, PPD was significantly decreased in the SRP+PT group (P=0.00). Further, PPD and CAL showed significantly greater changes in the SRP+PT group than in the SRP group (PPD, P=0.03; CAL, P=0.04). P. gingivalis and T. forsythia levels decreased in this group, but no significant intergroup differences were noted. Conclusions: Adjunctive PT seems to have clinical benefits, but evidence of its antimicrobial effects is not sufficient. Long-term studies are necessary to develop the most effective PT protocol and compare the effectiveness of PT with and without exogenous photosensitizers.