• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.659-665
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a novel position accuracy enhancement method of a low-end GPS using digital map information. The latest digital map has various kinds of information on geographical features. The proposed method uses position information of lane marks among the geographical features. We define the position information of lane marks as the reference points. The position information of a low-end GPS acquired for a period of time is defined as the source points. In the proposed method, rotation and translation matrices between the reference and the source points are calculated by using an Iterative Closest Point(ICP) algorithm. The source points are transformed by the obtained rotation and translation matrices. Finally, the transformed source points are projected on the reference points. Through these processes, the position accuracy of a low-end GPS is ultimately enhanced. To verify the proposed method, the various real experimental results are presented.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.12-21
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• 2003

In this study, I have summarized the geographical location conditions according to geographical position where communities locate and I have classified the spatial composition factors into size factor and the line factor. This was accomplished through field research and comparison and analysis of pertinent literature. Then, I have discussed the geographical location conditions and the characteristics of the spatial composition of a particular community. Finally, I have pointed out that the similarities and dissimilarities of the spatial composition factors of a certain community with locational aspects, geographical aspects, and occupational aspects, can be considered.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.356-370
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• 2004

New communication and information technologies such as the Internet are space-adjusting technologies. The Internet changes the spatial proximity by improving the connections between people and organizations separated by geographical distance This paper examines the digital position of individual nation-states on a global cyberspace. The number of inter-domain hyperlinks embedded in websites for 47 nations was gathered using the AltaVista in 2001 Data were also obtained on the geographical distance among the nations. The results indicate that the u.s. is the most central nation on the global cyberspace, followed by the U.K., Germany, Australia, Canada, Italy, France, China and Japan. The most peripheral nations are Uruguay, Luxemburg, and UAE. It also examines the relationship between the digital positions of 47 nations and their physical locations. The results indicate that digital structure on the cyberspace is not significantly related to geographical distance among those nations.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2015

This research is intended to inquire any discrepancy depending on the variables such as types, geography and size of hospitals of Korea in order to develop differentiated marketing strategy and to investigate how the aforementioned variables affect the management performance such as the increase in the number of foreign patients, their willingness to re-visit, the increase in profit and etc. The survey for this research was conducted for five weeks from July 10th 2014 to August 30th 2014 with 251 participants in charge of foreign patient attraction for 161 domestic hospitals. As the method of the research, a hypothesis was first established based on previous studies, followed by the incorporation of self-administered questionnaire to confirm the formulated hypothesis. Frequency analysis and ANOVA analysis were used to analyze the result of the survey. The outcome of the research and the implications are as follows. First, according to the demography of the persons-in-charge of foreign patient attraction, the proportion of female was superbly high by 76.5%. As for the age, those in their 30s were highest in proportion. Finally, for the education level, college graduates took up the largest portion by 46.5%. Second, in respect to the hypothesis assuming the difference in performance depending on the types of hospitals, national university-affiliated hospitals showed the highest level of the increase in foreign patients by the average of 3.25. Third, in respect to the hypothesis assuming the difference in performance based on geographical position, it was confirmed that hospitals in Ulsan City experienced the largest growth in the number in foreign patients. Fourth, in respect to the sizes of hospitals, those with 201 to 300 sickbeds showed the highest increase by the average of 3.45. The implication of the above research outcome indicates that while the number of foreign patients visiting Korea for medical purposes is on the rise, the number of professionals in place with necessary knowledge and capacity is insufficient and requires improvement.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.469-477
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• 2018

Most of the current administrative names and locations for the names of places in the Nanjung diary have since been confirmed. However, a disagreement ensued among translators or researchers over Anpyeon-do (Baleum-do) islet recorded in Admiral Yi Sun-Shin's diary. Anpyeon-do was first recorded in the diary on October 11, 1597. It is credited to be the location where Yi Sun-shin and Chosun Naval Fleet stayed when sailing along the Southwestern coast of the Korean Peninsula after the battle of Myeongnyang. However, Anpyeon-do's exact geographical location has never been accurately confirmed. To accurately locate the islet, this study compared the direction and position of geographical locations observed in the Anpeon-do site match to actual geographical positions and directions. In addition, the direction and position of the geographical locations observed in the newly explored islands and mountains were evaluated with regard to how they correspond to the actual Anpeon-do. As a result, we concluded that the real location of Anpyeon-do recorded in the Nanjung diary is the Maebong mountain in Anjwa-do.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 1986

This paper deals with comparison of simultaneous geodetic networks between with geographical coordinates and with plane coordinates. The adjustment computation is performed by variation of coordinates. Provisional values for observation equations are computed by extended Guass mid-latitude formula using, official coordinates ($\varphi,\lambda$) in geographical network abjustment, measurements are reduced to plane by origin scale factor (＝1.0000) Bessel ellipsoid and unit weight are adopted, and geographical coordinates are projected by Guass conformal double projection. The processing results of a test-network by distances yield the average root mean square error of position 6ㆍ2cm for adjustment with $\varphi,\lambda$ and 5.8cm for adjustment with X, Y. RMSE of discrepancy between two methods is 1.7cm. This result conform to required accracy.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.188-199
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• 1995

This International Geographical Symposium is to comemorate the 50th anniversary of the Korean Geographical Society. The Korean Geographical Society (KGS) which is the headquater of the geogaphical study will be play a main role to promote International Geographical Conference(IGC). And KGS hopes to prepare for the success of IGC and to examine the ability of the Korean Geographical Society for holding IGC in Seoul, in 2000. Above all, we expect to confirm what vision of the spatial structure our geographers have had for the last 50 years and in the position of the Korean Geographical Society, we present various studies on the spatial structure of the Unified Korea and through the discussion of the members we are going to lead our common interest to the key of reunification and motivate this studies more actively. We think that German geographers who have been studying the establishment of the spatial structure before and after the reunification of Germany will help in setting spatial structure of reunified Korea. In the second part of seminar, we will have a lecture on "Geography in the 21st Century; its Perspectives and Contribution". This lecture will prepose the trends of international geographical study and discipline, to Korean geographers and encourage them to realize what position we are in on the level of international geography and intensify their study. In the end of twentieth centuries, Korean geographers, who accessto postmodernism, hope to develope the unique subject matter and discipline regrardless of the 50 year-partition of the Korean Peninsula through the study of geobraphy. What can we suagest to geographers under the unique spatia1 structure of the divided peninsula\ulcorner How will our country develope in the future when DMZ, the last remains of cold war, vanishes and our reunified country becomes\ulcorner These subject matters will be issued in this International Geographic Conference. These issued subject matters and procedures of discussion will stimulate younger students to have interest in our unique geographic environment and to set up thier own method of study. In the third part of seminar, a special lecture on "Half-century of Korean Geography: It's Reflection and Perspective", the product and the subject of each part in geography will be discussed. Because this seminar is for the first time in 20 years after the 30th anniversary, the evaluation and the comment of each field in geography will be focused on because the achievement of each member's study is evaluted and refered to objectively. The newly developed field ewll be proposed, as well as the evaluation and the result of the Korean Geographical Society. The criticism and the proposal of the Korean Geographical Society will encourage the study of each member. And it will contribute to the development of the Korean Geographical Society. We hope all the issued papers to be published as atreatise and circulated to all members, university liberaries, each institution etc. There is no doubt our research and study will affect geographers and geography teachers to use this treatise. If possible, we will make public editions to distribute widely for students who study geography. It will help students to study geography encouragingly and to understand a correct structure and to commit themselves to promote the developed industrial country when they are playing a leading part in society. And we will contribute this issue to all the institutes such as the congress, each department of government, the political parties, the economic circles and private institutes, in order to make them understand our academic efforts and activities. Besides, we hope this contribution will give them much understanding and interest about 2000 IGC in Seoul beforehand.in Seoul beforehand.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -2
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• pp.848-851
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• 2002

Recently, there are lots of concerning on the integration of robot and virtual reality with the trends of the research of intelligent robot and mined reality. In this paper, a 3D GUI system is proposed based on Internet for remote controlling and monitoring of agent robot working for itself. The proposed system is consists of a manager ordering a new position and displaying the motion of robot, an agent robot moving to the destination according to the indication, a positioning module detecting the current position of robot, and a geographical information module. A user can order the robot agent move to a new position in a virtual space and watch the real images captured from the real sites of the robot. Then, the agent robot moves to the position automatically with avoiding collision by using range finding and a path detection algorithm. We demonstrate the proposed 3D GUI system is supporting a more convenient remote control means far the robots.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.728-744
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• 2007

In East Asia, regional identity can be expected to obtain popular consent more successfully when it is firmly based on historical-geographical reality. This study is an attempt to apply a broadened concept of place to the identification of East Asia as a cultural region. Cultural mixture within places at various scales, rather than cultural integration across those places, would give greater coherence to East Asia as a cultural region. This cultural mixture varies from one place to another, depending on the relative position in power relations. It could appear in the form of either domination or resistance, and even entanglement. The concept of a "mountain as a contested place" is proposed as an experimental effort to search for the basis for cultural identity within East Asia. This concept of place should be extended to the individual studies of such spatial units as houses, gardens, villages and cities. These individual studies, if accumulated, would result in improved theories of East Asia as a region that has a distinct cultural identity in historical-geographical terms.

• Korea Multimedia Society
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.28-40
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• 2008

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a practical application class of wireless ad hoc networks, which consist of moving vehicles equipped with radio communication capabilities that collaborate to form a temporary network. This paper addresses issues and protocols of multihop routing in such emerging networks in the context of safety and infotainment applications. Due to the highly dynamic mobility of vehicles, frequent link breakage and short connection time are inevitable and, thus, the routing is a challenging task and interest for many researchers and industrial community. The frequent and dynamic change of topology makes the topology-based routing unreliable but the position-based routing more effective. The position-based routing consists of the location service which maps a node id to a geo-graphical position and the forwarding scheme which selects the next hop based on geo-graphical information of the node, its neighbors and the destination. The routing techniques are further categorized into geographical forwarding, trajectory forwarding and opportunistic forwarding based on the forwarding scheme. In this paper, we first present the distinguished properties of VANETs and the challenges and intractable issues posed in designing the routing protocols, followed by the comprehensive survey of existing routing protocols. Then, the different routing protocols designed for VANETs are compared in terms of characteristics, performance and application domains.