• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.65.1-65.13
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• 2020

Background: Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) causes major economic losses in fur-bearing animal production. The control of most AMDV outbreaks is complex due to the difficulties of establishing the source of infection based only on the available on-farm epidemiological data. In this sense, phylogenetic analysis of the strains present in a farm may help elucidate the origin of the infection and improve the control and biosecurity measures. Objectives: This study had the following aims: characterize the AMDV strains from most outbreaks produced at Spanish farms between 2012-2019 at the molecular level, and assess the utility of the combined use of molecular and epidemiological data to track the possible routes of infection. Methods: Thirty-seven strains from 17 farms were partially sequenced for the NS1 and VP2 genes and analyzed phylogenetically with other strains described worldwide. Results: Spanish AMDV strains are clustered in four major clades that generally show a good geographical correlation, confirming that most had been established in Spain a long time ago. The combined study of phylogenetic results and epidemiological information of each farm suggests that most of the AMDV outbreaks since 2012 had been produced by within-farm reservoirs, while a few of them may have been due to the introduction of the virus through international trade. Conclusions: The combination of phylogenetic inference, together with epidemiological data, helps assess the possible origin of AMDV infections in mink farms and improving the control and prevention of this disease.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.1234-1239
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• 2006

Murrah and NiliRavi are the important North Indian buffalo breeds occupying the prominent position of being the highest milk producers. These breeds are more or less similar at morphological as well as physiological levels. The technique of RAPD-PCR was applied in the present study to identify a battery of suitable random primers to detect genetic polymorphism, elucidation of the genetic structure and rapid assessment of the differences in the genetic composition of these two breeds. A total of 50 random primers were screened in 24 animals each of Murrah and NiliRavi buffaloes to generate RAPD patterns. Of these, 26 (52%) primers amplified the buffalo genome generating 263 reproducible bands. The number of polymorphic bands for the 26 chosen RAPD primers varied from 3 (OPG 06 and B4) to 26 (OPJ 04) with an average of 10.1 bands per primer and size range of 0.2 to 3.2 kb. DNA was also pooled and analyzed to search for population specific markers. Two breed specific RAPD alleles were observed in each of Murrah (OPA02 and OPG16) and NiliRavi (OPG09) DNA pools. RAPD profiles revealed that 11 (4.2%) bands were common to all the 48 individuals of Murrah and NiliRavi buffaloes. Pair-wise band sharing calculated among the individual animals indicated considerable homogeneity of individuals within the breeds. Within breed, band sharing values were relatively greater than those of interbreed values. The low genetic distance (Nei's) value (0.109) estimated in this study is in accordance with the origin and geographical distribution of these breeds. The RAPD analysis indicated high level of genetic similarity between these two important North Indian buffalo breeds.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.376-388
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine the types and characteristics of Chinese indigo dyed designs performed until today in private houses of Chinese minority races and to examine the modern value of traditional dyeing crafts of minority races by investigating the cases of utilizing modern private Chinese indigo dyed designs. As the research methodology for theoretical study about the history of Chinese traditional pattern dyeing, the origin, types and characteristics of Chinese indigo dyed designs, the preceding research data, photo data, and Internet data were utilized, and for the empirical research on Chinese traditional dyeing techniques and the cases of utilizing today Chinese indigo dyed designs, the on-site survey on Guizhou and Yunnan was conducted during February and March 2008 and the data were collected and analyzed. Based on the results of this research, it was found that Chinese indigo dyed designs represented Chinese traditional pattern dyeing, which was inherited and developed mainly in Chinese minority races and Chinese. It could be seen that according to geographical distribution and characteristics of each race, the types and characteristics of dyeing techniques were formed, which are classified into the batik of the Miao of Guizhou in the Chinese southwestern region, the tie-dyeing of Bai of Yunnan, and Chinese blue calico(resist printing) of Chinese private houses in the Hunan and Huseo regions, and these represent the three typical Chinese dyeing techniques today. Based on the results of empirical research on the utilizing cases, focusing on the traditional living handicrafts of Chinese minority races, traditional cultural articles, and artworks, the modern values such as practical, cultural, and artistic values of Chinese indigo dyed designs could be rediscovered.

• 약학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2009

Quantitative analysis of (+)-catechin (C), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) and caffeine in commercial green tea was carried out by HPLC employing gradient elution of 0.1% acetic acid and acetonitrile on ODS column. The optimized HPLC method provided satisfactory linearity, accuracy and precision. The relationship between the concentration of the components and cultivated region of the commercial green tea was not significant, while the concentration of EGCG, ECG and caffeine decreased significantly in the later harvested green tea samples (p<0.01). Multivariate analysis of the components was performed in order to characterize and evaluate the cultivated region and harvest period-related variation. Hierarchical clustering and discriminant analysis were applied to classify the geographical and seasonal origins of the green tea samples. The classification accuracy of the cultivated region and harvest period by discriminant analysis was 95% and 91%, respectively, indicating that this method could be reliable and convenient for the quality control of herbal products with different origin.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 한국산 닭의덩굴속 호장근절 분류군들을 대상으로 개체군 수준에서 flavonoid 분석을 수행하여, 본 절 분류군에서 나타나는 형태변이 양상을 화학적 측면에서 파악하고, 이를 토대로 한반도에 분포하는 본 절 분류군들의 실체 및 한계를 정확히 파악하고자 하였다. 그 결과, 한국산 본 절 3분류군 15개체군의 잎으로부터 19종류의 서로 다른 flavonoid compound가 분리, 동정되었으며, 이들은 flavonol인 quercetin 및 kaempferol 3-O-glycoside들과 flavone인 apigenin및 luteolin C-glycoside들이었다. 이들 compound들 중 한국산 본 절 식물에 분포하는 주요 flavonoid compound는 quercetin 3-O-galactoside 와 quercetin 3-O-glucoside이었다. 본 절 한국산 분류군들은 그 flavonoid 조성에 의해 뚜렷이 구분되는 것으로 밝혀졌으며, 이러한 결과는 기존의 외부 형태학적 연구 결과와 전반적으로 일치하였다. 한편, 잡종으로 추정되는 논산 개체군의 flavonoid 조성은 F. japonica var. japonica, F. forbesii 및 F. sachalinensis와 일부 compound를 공유하는 것으로 나타났다. Fallopia japonica var. japonica의 경우, 염색체수 배수화에 따른 flavonoid 조성의 정성적 차이는 발견할 수 없었으나, 지리적 변이가 일부 나타나는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1251-1254
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• 2016

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common malignancy of the oral cavity, shows geographical variation with respect to the age, sex, site and habits of the population. The histolopathologic grade of the tumor is closely related to its tissue of origin. This study was conducted to establish the prevalence of OSCC in relation to patient sex, age, habits and sites of lesions. Materials and Methods: A total of 130 cases of histopathologically diagnosed OSCC were selected for the study, out of which 66, 38 and 26 were well (WD), moderately (MD)and poorly differentiated (PD), respectively. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and graded according to a modified Borders's system. Then statistically analyzed different grades of OSCC for correlations with other variables. Results: In our study the majority cases of OSCC were found in the 5th to 7th decades of life, males acconting for 53%. The most common site was the buccal mucosa and most cases had habit of tobacco use either in the form of chewing or smoking or both. When the different grades of OSCC were compared with different sites a statistically significant value was observed (P=0.029). Conclusions: The incidence of high grade PD is very much less in female patients but in males such lesions were common. In our location population the buccal mucosa is the most common site due to the tobbaco habits of the patients and majority cases of the buccal mucosa are WD whereas in tongue, floor of the mouth and palate PD are common.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2018

Pimpinella saxifraga L. (Scarlet pimpernel or Burnet saxifrage), a newly introduced species, was found from Baekyakyi oreum (a parasitic cone or cinder cone) in Seogwipo, Jejudo Island. This species is native to Europe and western Asia and is reported as a widely invasive species around the world. Pimpinella saxifraga is distinguished from other related Korean taxa by leaves that are pinnately compound with 3-7 pairs of segments, which vary from simple, ovate, to 2-pinnatisect, with linear lobes. The vernacular name of "Baek-yak-yi-cham-na-mul" was assigned after the name of the cinder cone where it was initially discovered. We provide descriptions of the morphological characters, photographs and a key to allied taxa in Korea. The geographical origin and introduction routes are unknown, but it is highly likely that it was introduced as fodder given its high nutritious value for sheep and cattle or as a medicinal herb. This species invades commonly grasslands and woodlands and prefers dry, well-drained, and calcareous soils. The distribution of this species was analyzed by searching extensively in surrounding Baekyakyi oreum and adjacent cinder cones, but no other populations were observed. It is protected commonly at the edges or inside of the patchy pine forest in the cinder cone from grazing by cattle; given the worldwide invasive nature of this species, special monitoring and management plans should be developed.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.126-131
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• 1990

양적 형질을 중심으로 다변량 해석법에 의해 율무품종들 간의 유전적 거리를 추정하고 이에 기초한 Cluster analysis를 실시하여 품종을 분류한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Mahalanobis's distance(D$^2$)에 의하여 공시한 62개 품종을 10개군으로 대별해 볼 수 있었는데 1개 품종만으로 군을 형성한 제V군을 제외하고는 모든 품종이 고른군을 형성하였다. 2. 제I군에 3품종(5%), 제II군에 18품종(29%), 제III군에 5품종(8%), 제IV군에 13품종(21%), 제V군에 1품종(2%), 제Ⅵ군에 5품종(8%), 제Ⅶ5군에 7품종(11%), 제Ⅷ군에 4품종(7%), 제Ⅸ군에 2품종(3%) 그리고 제Ⅹ군에 4품종(7%)이 소속되어 있으며 제II군과 IV군은 여타 형질면에 상당한 변이폭을 가진 반면 제Ⅷ-Ⅹ군은 단간종으로 초세나 수량형질면에서 변이폭이 좁고 다소 렬세인 경향이었다. 3. 지리적 분포와 유전적 변이는 직접관련이 없는 것으로 평가되었다. 4. 품종군내, 품종군간의 D$^2$에 가장 큰 영향을 미친 형질은 개화기, 성숙기, 초장, 등숙율, 립수이었다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.112-123
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• 1991

Traditional drugs(herbal and animal drugs) of Korea, China and Japan have developed essentially from the same origin, since the traditional medicine of three countries has been originated from ancient China. Due to different geographical locations and discrepancy of plant resources of the traditional drugs, some divergency in terms of systematic botany in traditional drug materials has appeared in the three countries. Present report aims to survey traditional herbal drugs that have been called same traditional names in three countries, but they are actually different with respect to systematic botanical view-point. The official drug compendia(pharmacopoeia and natural drug standards) of three countries were subject to examination. Survey was conducted by the following categories. Traditional drugs were listed under same name, however, 1) they belong to different genus; 7 traditional herbal drugs were listed. 2) they belong to same genus, but different species; 24 traditional herbal drugs were found. 3) a variety of related species are used; 15 traditional drugs were listed. 4) actually same plant, but taxonomical name is differently called and/or different parts of plant are used; 10 traditional drugs were counted. 5) animal drugs belong to one of the above categories; 7 traditional animal drugs were found. Total 63 traditional drugs(herbal and animal) were found to comprise different taxonomical names when the official drug compendia of Korea, China and Japan were examined.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.296-306
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• 2017

Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is one of the most damaging viruses infecting sugarcane, maize and some other graminaceous species around the world. To investigate the genetic diversity of SCMV in Iran, the coat protein (CP) gene sequences of 23 SCMV isolates from different hosts were determined. The nucleotide sequence identity among Iranian isolates was more than 96%. They shared nucleotide identities of 75.5-99.9% with those of other SCMV isolates available in GenBank, the highest with the Egyptian isolate EGY7-1 (97.5-99.9%). The results of phylogenetic analysis suggested five divergent evolutionary lineages that did not completely reflect the geographical origin or host plant of the isolates. Population genetic analysis revealed greater between-group than within-group evolutionary divergence values, further supporting the results of the phylogenetic analysis. Our results indicated that natural selection might have contributed to the evolution of isolates belonging to the five identified SCMV groups, with infrequent genetic exchanges occurring between them. Phylogenetic analyses and the estimation of genetic distance indicated that Iranian isolates have low genetic diversity. No recombination was found in the CP cistron of Iranian isolates and the CP gene was under negative selection. These findings provide a comprehensive analysis of the population structure and driving forces for the evolution of SCMV with implications for global exchange of sugarcane germplasm. Gene flow, selection and somehow homologous recombination were found to be the important evolutionary factors shaping the genetic structure of SCMV populations.