• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.381-387
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• 1987

Distribution of superoxide dismutase (SOD) which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen has been examined in various genera of bacteria. SOD was produced by various bacteria independent of genus and species with variation in superoxide dismutase activity of each bacteria. Bacillus circulans which produced relatively large amount of SOD was selected and used to investigate the optimum culture conditions and further studies. The compositions of optimum culture medium for the enzyme production were 1% glucose, 2% polypeptone, 0.l% NaCl, and 0.2mM of methyl viologen and initial pH was 6.0. The highest enzyme production was observed after 20 hours of cultivation at 3$0^{\circ}C$ on a reciprocal shaker. The enzyme activity was maintained stably for a relatively long period by the addition of 5% ethanol in pH 5.0, 0.01M acetate buffer.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.229-234
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• 2004

Feathers, which are almost pure keratin protein, are produced in large amounts as a waste by-product at poultry-processing plants. Keratinolytic enzymes may have important uses in biotechnological processes involving keratin-containing wastes from poultry and leather processes. In this study, screening and identification of keratin-degrading bacteria were investigated. Five keratin-degrading bacterial strains (F3-1, F3-4, F7-1, C1-1, C1-2) were isolated from compost and decayed chicken feather. On the basis of morphological, physiological studies, and Biolog system, all isolates were identified as the genus Bacillus. Among them, the strain F7-1 had the highest feather-degrading activity and was selected for further taxonomical study. Phylogenetic analysis of strain F7-1 based on comparison of 165 rDNA sequences revealed that this strain is closely related to Bacillus megaterium.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2002

To isolate the bacteria lysing cyanobacteria, the sediment samples were collected from Dochang and Pal'tang Reservoir and Seokchon Lake. Each sample was smeared on the Anabaena cylindrica lawn and incubated in light chamber for 11 days. Bacteria having cyanobacteria-Iysing activity were isolated from the samples of Seokchon reservoir. Confirmation of cyanobacteria-Iysing activity was carried out to measure chlorophyll a and bacterial cell counting in mixed culture of Anabaena cylindrica and bacteria. Lysis was detected when extracellular meterials was added to the Anabaena cylindrica culture. The isolate was identified by analysis based on 16S rDNA sequence and morphological and physiological properties. The bacterial strain was taxonomically studied by the phylogenetic analysis based on 165 rDNA sequence. This strain was identified as a member of the genus Bacillus and designated as Bacillus sp. CHS1.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.780-784
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• 2000

Bacillus species are aerobic-gram-positive, spore forming rods that are widely distributed in soil, dust, stream, and other environmental sources and are regarded as natural organism. But certain species of the genus Bacillus, most notably B. cereus, which is associated with food-borne illness, occasionally have been implicated in the occurrence of fatal illness and complication in a compromised host. We roport a case of pneumonia and bacteremia caused by B. cereus in an 81 year-old man, who had no obvious immunologic compromise. The condition was treated with combination of roxithromycin and gentamicin.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.256-263
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• 2012

A strain of bacterium producing antifungal antibiotic was isolated and identification of the strain was attempted. We could identify the bacterium as being a Bacillus sp., based on morphological observation, physiological characteristics, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, thus leading us to designate the strain as Bacillus sp. AH-E-1. The strain showed potent antibiotic activity against phytopathogenic and human pathogenic fungi by inducing mycelial distortion and swelling and inhibiting spore germination. The antibiotic metabolite produced by the strain demonstrated excellent thermal and pH (2-11) stability, but was labile to autoclaving. From these results, we could find a broader antifungal activity of Bacillus genus. Isolation and characterization of the active agent produced by the strain are under progress.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.121-130
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• 2014

Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis was adopted to explore rapid differentiation in the diversity and dynamics of bacteria in kimchi made in Korea and China for future application in kimchi origin discrimination. T-RFLP analysis supported the reproducible and rapid detection of major lactic acid bacteria known to be involved in kimchi fermentation. The taxonomic resolution level of this T-RFLP analysis was between the species and genus level, but was not specific enough for the detection of a bacterium found only in one origin, either Korea or China. The bacterial community structure successions in kimchi samples from Korea and China analyzed by T-RFLP analysis occurred with a similar pattern. Bacillus spp. which were not detected in the early microbial studies of kimchi were constantly detected until the late fermentation stage of kimchi in our T-RFLP analysis and their existence was proved by culture-based identification. Additionally, sporulation of Bacillus spp. during kimchi fermentation was discovered.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.269-274
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• 2010

An antifungal antibiotic-producing strain, BCNU 2003, was isolated from forest soil in Korea. The morphological and physiological characters, and 16S rRNA sequences analysis of strain BCNU 2003 identified this strain as Bacillus genus. The Bacillus sp. BCNU 2003 showed strong antifungal activities against Aspergillus niger, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum with inhibition ranging from 62.05 to 63.49% by using dual culture technique. Bacillus sp. BCNU 2003 produced a maximum level of antifungal substances under aerobic incubation at 28oC and pH 6.5-7.2 for 6 days in LB broth. Ethyl acetate extract of the cultured broth showed strong antifungal activity and a broad antifungal spectrum against various pathogenic fungi. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for its active extracts ranged between 0.0625 mg/ml and 1 mg/ml. In addition, Bacillus sp. BCNU 2003 was determined to have the ability to produce enzymes such as amylase, protease, gelatinase and catalase.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.7-20
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• 1966

1. Of the 32 extracts from Genus of lishenes broth tested for antimicrobial activity, 28 inhibited at least one of the 3 test microorganisms used. 2. Twenty seven lichnes broth from 32 species tested were active against at least one of the Gram-positive bacteria M. pyogenes var, aureus 203 p, and twenty four lichenes broth from 32 Species tested were active against at least one of the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633. 3 Twenty five lichenes broth from 32 species tested were active against at least one of the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli 0.126. 4. The antibiotic substances in lichenes were readily extracted by organic solvents.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.373-378
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• 2004

In this study, established soil-borne Bacillus sp. FF-9 with strong antifungal activity was isolated for identification and to determine optimal culture condition. By using 16s rDNA sequencing method, FF-9 of the selected bacteria was identified as genus Bacillus sp., Bacillus sp. FF-9 was cultured at $30^{\circ}C$, for 24 h in the LB medium. Cell growth increased quickly after 6 h and the highest cell growth was indicated at 12 h. The most antifungal activity against Rhizoctoina solani AGII-II appeared at 18 h and the optimal temperature and pH were 30 and pH 8.0, respectively. A testing of carbon and nitrogen sources showed the highest antifungal activity at 1% lactose and 1% yeast extract Furthermore an addition of salt showed the most antibiotic activity in the 0.15% $K_2HPO_4$.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.1231-1240
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• 2021

Members of the genus Bacillus are known to play an important role in promoting plant growth and protecting plants against phytopathogenic microorganisms. In this study, 21 isolates of Bacillus spp. were obtained from the root micro-ecosystem of Suaeda glauca. Analysis of the 16S rRNA genes indicated that the isolates belong to the species Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus aryabhattai and Brevibacterium frigoritolerans. One of the interesting findings of this study is that the four strains B1, B5, B16 and B21 are dominant in rhizosphere soil. Based on gyrA, gyrB, and rpoB gene analyses, B1, B5, and B21 were identified as B. amyloliquefaciens and B16 was identified as B. velezensis. Estimation of antifungal activity showed that the isolate B1 had a significant inhibitory effect on Fusarium verticillioides, B5 and B16 on Colletotrichum capsici (syd.) Butl, and B21 on Rhizoctonia cerealis van der Hoeven. The four strains grew well in medium with 1-10% NaCl, a pH value of 5-8, and promoted the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. Our results indicate that these strains may be promising agents for the biocontrol and promotion of plant growth and further study of the relevant bacteria will provide a useful reference for the development of microbial resources.