• 한국작물학회지
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.317-324
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 찰벼의 찰기에 대한 유전적 효과와 환경적 변이에 대한 기초자료를 제공하기 위해 수행하였다. 이를 위해 6개 환경 조건에서 6종 찰벼 품종을 이용하여 찰기에 대한 유전자와 환경의 (Genotype-by-Environment, $G{\times}E$) 상호작용 분석을 하였다. AMMI 분석모델에 의한 환경(재배지역, E), 유전자(품종, G), 유전자와 환경 상호 작용($G{\times}E$) 효과 모두에서 고도의 유의성이 있었다(P<0.001). 찰기에 대한 전체 변이중에서 환경효과는 24.5%, 유전적 효과는 37.1%, 상호작용 효과는 28.9%이었다. 유전자와 환경의 상호작용 분석에서 아랑향찰(G6, IPCA1: 3.85) 및 화선찰(G4, IPCA: -5.24)는 다른 품종보다 IPCA1 값이 낮아 환경에 대한 상호작용 효과가 낮았고, 유전자 효과가 높은 품종들이었다. 반면, 상주찰(G1, IPCA1: -61.23) 및 보석찰(G2, IPCA1: 41.21)은 IPCA1 값이 높아 환경의 효과에 의해 영향을 크게 받는 품종이었다. 따라서 이들 품종들은 환경 특이적 특성을 나타낸다고 할 수 있다. 이상의 본 시험의 결과 찰벼 품종을 이용한 찰떡의 찰기는 지역에 따라 달라짐을 보여주는 결과이다. 따라서 찰벼의 품종 육성 단계에서 지역별 찹쌀 수량, 병해충 등 재배 안정성 뿐만 아니라 찰벼의 이용목적인 찰기에 대한 안정성도 검토가 필요할 것이다. 더불어 밥쌀용 품종의 식미를 높이기 위한 적합한 환경조건에 대한 선행 연구를 참고하여 찰벼의 찰기를 높일 수 있는 환경조건에 대한 연구가 수행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.850-853
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• 1999

Angus postweaning daily gain (PWDG) was analyzed to investigate effects of the heterogeneous variance and the genotypes by sex interaction on prediction of EBVs with data sets of various environmental levels. A whole data (16,239 records) was divided into six data sets according to averages of the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE) of herd environment. The results comparing prediction models showed that single-trait model is adequate for most of the data sets except for the data set of poor environment for both of the bulls and the heifers where the heterogeneity of variance and the genotypes by sex interaction exists. In the prediction with the data set of the low environment level, the bull's EBVs by single-trait models had high product moment correlations with male EBVs of the bulls by the multitrait model. Whereas the heifer's EBVs had moderate correlations with female EBVs by the multitrait model. This moderate correlation seems to be resulted by the heterogeneity of variance and low heritability of the heifer's PWDG. The prediction models with heterogeneity of variance had little effect on the prediction of EBVs for the data sets with moderate to high genetic correlations.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.604-608
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• 1997

수원 작물시험장 등 전국 각도 9개 지역에서 1990 및 1991년에 걸쳐 수행된 콩 지방적응연락시험에서, 팔달콩 등 10개의 공시계통들의 평균 수량을 조사하였으며, 수량안정성을 여러가지 방법으로 분석하여 상호 비교하였다. 수량 안정성분석은 Francis와 Kannenberg의 coefficient of variability, Finlay와 Wilkinson의 regression coefficient, Eberhart와 Russell의 deviation parameter, Plaisted의 variance component, Wricke의 ecovalence등 5개 분석방법을 이용하였으며 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 분산성분 비교에 의하면, 수량에 대한 콩유전자와 지역간 상호작용 분산성분이 콩유전자 및 년차간 상호작용 분산성분보다 약 7배 높아서, 정확한 수량안정도 평가를 위해서는 여러 해 걸쳐서 콩계통을 평가하기보다는 더 많은 지역에서 평가되어야 할 것으로 보였다. 2. 2년차 9개지역에서 수원 14005('92년 태광콩으로 장려품종 지정)가 평균수량이 높았으며, 5개 안정성 분석결과 수량안정도도 높았다. 3. 안정도계수 종류들 간의 rank correlation 분석결과, Eberhart와 Russell, Plaisted, 그리고 Wricke의 방법들 간의 고도의 유의적인 상관관계가 있었으나, Francis와 Finlay 방법은 다른 분석방법들과는 상관관계가 인정되지 않았다.

• 한국통계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통계학회 2005년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.31-36
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• 2005

An identification and characterization of susceptibility genes for common complex multifactorial diseases is a challengeable task, in which the effect of single genetic variation will be likely dependent on other genetic variations(gene-gene interaction) and environmental factors (gene-environment interaction). To address is issue, the multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) has been proposed and implemented by Ritchie et al. (2001), Moore et al. (2002), Hahn et al.(2003) and Ritchie et al. (2003). With MDR, multilocus genotypes effectively reduce the dimension of genotype predictors from n to one, which improves the identification of polymorphism combinations associated with disease risk. However, MDR cannot handle missing observations appropriately, in which missing observation is treated as an additional genotype category. This approach may suffer from a sparseness problem since when high-order interactions are considered, an additional missing category would make the contingency table cells more sparse. We propose a new MDR approach with minimum loss of sample sizes by considering missing data over all possible multifactor classes. We evaluate the proposed MDR by using the prediction errors and cross validation consistency.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2001년도 춘계 학술대회지
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• pp.70-71
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• 2001

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.717-723
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• 2014

Background: This study was carried out to investigate the interaction of p53 codon 72 polymorphism, dietary and tobacco habits with reference to risk of stomach cancer in Mizoram, India. A total of 105 histologically confirmed stomach cancer cases and 210 age, sex and ethnicity matched healthy population controls were included in this study. Materials and Methods: The p53 codon 72 polymorphism was detected by PCR-RFLP and sequencing. H. pylori infection status was determined by ELISA. Information on various dietary and tobacco related habits was recorded with a standard questionnaire. Results: This study revealed that overall, the Pro/Pro genotype was significantly associated with a higher risk of stomach cancer (OR, 2.54; 95%CI, 1.01-6.40) as compared to the Arg/Arg genotype. In gender stratified analysis, the Pro/Pro genotype showed higher risk (OR, 7.50; 95%CI, 1.20-47.0) than the Arg/Arg genotype among females. Similarly, the Pro/Pro genotype demonstrated higher risk of stomach cancer (OR, 6.30; 95%CI, 1.41-28.2) among older people (>60 years). However, no such associations were observed in males and in individuals <60 years of age. Smoke dried fish and preserved meat (smoke dried/sun dried) consumers were at increased risk of stomach cancer (OR, 4.85; 95%CI, 1.91-12.3 and OR, 4.22; 95%CI, 1.46-12.2 respectively) as compared to non-consumers. Significant gene-environment interactions exist in terms of p53 codon 72 polymorphism and stomach cancer in Mizoram. Tobacco smokers with Pro/Pro and Arg/Pro genotypes were at higher risk of stomach cancer (OR, 16.2; 95%CI, 1.72-153.4 and OR, 9.45; 95%CI, 1.09-81.7 respectively) than the non-smokers Arg/Arg genotype carriers. The combination of tuibur user and Arg/Pro genotype also demonstrated an elevated risk association (OR, 4.76; 95%CI, 1.40-16.21). Conclusions: In conclusion, this study revealed that p53 codon 72 polymorphism and dietary and tobacco habit interactions influence stomach cancer development in Mizoram, India.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권16호
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• pp.6953-6961
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• 2015

Background: Tobacco and alcohol contain or may generate carcinogenic compounds related to cancers. CYP1A1 enzymes act upon these carcinogens before elimination from the body. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CYP1A1 T3801C polymorphism modulates the relationship between tobacco and alcohol-associated head and neck cancer (HNC) susceptibility among the northeast Indian population. Materials and Methods: One hundred and seventy histologically confirmed HNC cases and 230 controls were included within the study. The CYP1A1 T3801C polymorphism was determined using PCR-RFLP, and the results were confirmed by DNA sequencing. Logistic regression (LR) and multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) approaches were applied for statistical analysis. Results: The CYP1A1 CC genotype was significantly associated with HNC risk (P=0.045). A significantly increased risk of HNC (OR=6.09; P<0.0001) was observed in individuals with combined habits of smoking, alcohol drinking and tobacco-betel quid chewing. Further, gene-environment interactions revealed enhanced risks of HNC among smokers, alcohol drinkers and tobacco-betel quid chewers carrying CYP1A1 TC or CC genotypes. The highest risk of HNC was observed among smokers (OR=7.55; P=0.009) and chewers (OR=10.8; P<0.0001) carrying the CYP1A1 CC genotype. In MDR analysis, the best model for HNC risk was the three-factor model combination of smoking, tobacco-betel quid chewing and the CYP1A1 variant genotype (CVC=99/100; TBA=0.605; P<0.0001); whereas interaction entropy graphs showed synergistic interaction between tobacco habits and CYP1A1. Conclusions: Our results confirm that the CYP1A1 T3801C polymorphism modifies the risk of HNC and further demonstrated importance of gene-environment interaction.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2009

Daba ecorace of Antheraea mylitta Drury (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), the semi domesticated Indian tropical tasar silkworm being reared outdoor; the egg and silk yields are dependent of genotype environment interaction. The insufficient maintenance and multiplication of its P4 seed stock need a coherent as well as scientific strategy to safeguard breed potential, being commercially applied ecorace. The sort-out lines of P4 stock studied over five generations highlighting on commercial trait up gradation suits for a tropical crop season, revealed enhanced performance. The line with high pupal parents (T2) shown improved fecundity (12.9%) and the line with high shell parents (T3) recorded higher shell weight (40.0%) and silk ratio (24.1%). While, the line of high pupal female and high shell male (T4) reveal enhancement in fecundity (9.0%), egg hatching (14.1%), shell weight (50.0%), silk ratio (35.2%) and absolute silk yield (52.0%) indicating the need and role of varied basic seed stock lines. The approach could improve economically vital egg fecundity and cocoon shell weights besides balancing them in same line for commercial operation. The progressive show of lines (T1 to T4) along successive generations (G1 to G5), in spite of passing through seed crop (Jul-Aug) and commercial crop (Sep-Nov) seasons emphasize their compatibility. The study infers that the strategic plan of combining preferred parental phenotypes, methodical selection for desired commercial trait(s) through generations with best possible genotype environment interaction has enriched P4 stock with elevation in needy trait(s) besides assuring choice of suitable lines for seasons and regions and timely replenishment of basic seed of Daba ecorace.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.499-505
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• 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic behavior of a population of Holstein cattle in response to the variation of environmental temperature by analyzing the effects of genotype by environment interaction (GEI) through reaction norms for the somatic cell score (SCS). Methods: Data was collected for 67,206 primiparous cows from the database of the Paraná Holstein Breeders Association in Brazil, with the aim of evaluating the temperature effect, considered as an environmental variable, distinguished under six gradients, with the variation range found being 17℃ to 19.5℃, over the region. A reaction norm model was adopted utilizing the fourth order under the Legendre polynomials, using the mixed models of analysis by the restricted maximum likelihood method by the WOMBAT software. Additionally, the genetic behavior of the 15 most representative bulls was assessed, in response to the changes in the temperature gradient. Results: A mean score of 2.66 and a heritability variation from 0.17 to 0.23 was found in the regional temperature increase. The correlation between the environmental gradients proved to be higher than 0.80. Distinctive genetic behaviors were observed according to the increase in regional temperature, with an observed increase of up to 0.258 in the breeding values of some animals, as well as a reduction in the breeding of up to 0.793, with occasional reclassifications being observed as the temperature increased. Conclusion: Non-relevant GEI for SCS were observed in Holstein cattle herds of southern Brazil. Thus, the inclusion of the temperature effect in the model of genetic evaluation of SCS for the southern Brazilian Holstein breed is not required.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.1099-1104
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• 2017

Objective: This work was to find the correlation of alcohol dehydrogenase 1C (ADH1C) genotype with vitamin A reduction and carcass traits during the vitamin A restriction period. Methods: In study 1, 60 Korean native steers were fed a diet (890 IU/kg) with 8,000 IU and 0 IU of supplemental premix vitamin A/kg of dry matter (DM) for control and treatment group, respectively. The levels of serum vitamin A were analyzed through high preparative performance liquid chromatography, and the ADH1C genotype was analyzed based on polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP; 78.1% TT type, 21.9% TC type); however, CC type was not found. Then, the interaction between ADH1C and carcass traits on the vitamin A restriction was investigated in study 2. A total of 136 Korean native steers were fed a diet that included 930 IU/kg vitamin A of DM. Results: Serum vitamin A in treatment was reduced to 112.4 IU/dL in steers with TT type of ADH1C, while for steers with TC type the concentration of serum vitamin A was dropped to 79.5 IU/dL (p<0.1) in study 1. This showed that TC type had the potential to lower serum vitamin A concentration during vitamin A restriction compared to TT type. In study 2 we found that eye muscle area, marbling and carcass weight in Korean native steers with TC type were higher than in steers with TT type (p<0.05). Conclusion: The interaction between vitamin A restriction and TC type of ADH1C gene could have the potential of increasing the marbling in Korean native steers. These results indicated that steers with TC type of the ADH1C gene were more sensitive to the change of serum vitamin A than TT types. Furthermore, this finding has the potential to enable a higher marbling score under the condition of vitamin A restriction in Korean native steers.