• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.773-782
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• 2001

This study was to investigate the value changes in Korean women by analyzing the ads of womens magazines. The contents of ads were classified into two types of values: general and consumption values. The general values, composed of inner-directedness and outer-directrdness, might predict consumer behavior in general. The consumption values, utilitarians and hedonic, were expected to affect the consumer purchasing attitude to a specific product. Factors affecting the cultural values were per capita income and womens social status. Total 2969 illustrated ads with verbal theme from 32 Korean womens magazines were used. The content analysis, chi-square test, logistic regression were done for the analysis. The results showed that inner-directedness was dominant general value in Korean womens culture and increased over time. Younger consumers were more inner-directed than older ones were, and inner-directed values increased with income growth. For the consumption values, utilitarian values were higher than hedonic ones and went up over time. For the product types, utilitarian ads were frequent in cosmetics while hedonic ads were high for apparels. Those results implied that Korean womens culture became more inner-directed with increased income. Also consumption values were likely to differ between product groups. Per capita income was shown to increase inner-directedness while womens social status was to increase outer-directedness.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.599-613
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• 2023

This study investigated female consumers' attitudes toward the general and fashion-specific climate environments and analyzed the relations between the attitudes and the variables such as values, knowledge, and climate cognition. The data was collected from a sample of 450 women in their 20s, 30s, and 40s via quota sampling from a selfreported online survey in 2023. The measurement comprised the attitudes toward the general and fashion-specific climate environments, Rokeach's 18 terminal values, Holbrook's 8 consumer values regarding fashion products, climate environmental knowledge related to fashion, the cognition concerning the climate crisis, and several demographic variables. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and correlations were applied to the data using SPSS. As a result, two factors were determined for the attitudes toward the general and fashion-specific climate environments, respectively: social and personal. Family security, happiness, and self-respect were identified as important terminal values. Quality, efficiency, aesthetics, and ethics were considered important when the current sample group purchased fashion products. The mean score of climate environmental knowledge related to fashion was lower than neutral; however the cognition of the climate crisis was considerably high. Attitudes toward the general and fashion-specific climate environments showed positive relations with values, knowledge, and climate cognition. The results were discussed to provide some insight and suggestions to carbon neutrality and the related studies.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.185-190
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between materialistic values and interpersonal relationship of adult university students and general university students and compare the two groups. The analysis was conducted using the SPSS Statistics 25.0 program targeting 228 adult students and 216 general students enrolled nationwide. First, as for the difference in the materialistic values of the adult and general university students according to the general characteristics, significant differences were found according to gender, religion, the type of school, grade, monthly income (allowance), monthly expense, items of expenditure, and hobby. Second, the analysis of the difference in the interpersonal relationship based on their general characteristics revealed differences based on gender, grade, monthly income (allowance), monthly expense, items of expenditure, and hobby. Third, the research subjects' materialistic values and interpersonal relationship showed a high correlation. Fourth, their materialistic values had significant effects on all the sub-factors of interpersonal relationship. The results of this study implies that materialistic values have negative effects on interpersonal relationship in both adult and general university students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.43-56
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• 1984

The purpose of this present study is not only to investigate mutual relationship between general values and clothing behaviors, but to analyize the differences in clothing behaviors in view of socio-economic backgrounds, such as professions, social classes, educational levels, monthly income, etc. For the measurement of the general values, a total of 45 questions were made use of from both part I and part II of 'The study of General Values' jointly developed by Allport-Vernon-Lindzey, while for the measurement of the clothing behaviors were used questions selected from 'The clothing variables Inventory' developed by Creekmore and from those previously used in our country for the same purpose. Data were obtained from 460 Persons and the selected sample was composed of 238 Persons from the upper class and of 222 persons from the lower class. The former class is mainly represented by government officials, doctors, company directors, professors, while the latter by factory workers, clerks, drivers. Analysis of the data in this present study reached its conclusions as follows ; 1. Among the general values valiables, the selected group in this study ranked, theoretical values' first, 'political values' 'econmic values', 'social values', aesthetic values', 'religious values' in that order, and also among the clothing behaviors variables it ranked in the following order ; economy' 'modesty' 'aesthetic' 'conformity' 'status symbol'. 2. A significant relationship between general values and clothing behaviors was found as follows ; there are negative relationships between 'theoretical values' and 'aesthetic', 'status symbol', between 'aesthetic values' and 'conformity', between 'social values' and 'status symbol', between 'political values' and 'conformity', on the one; there are positive relationships between political values' and 'status symbol', between religious values' and 'aesthetic', on the other, 3. In view of profession, it was found that a group of company directors placed the most importance upon 'status symbol', a group of factory workers upon 'economy', a group of drivers upon 'conformity' among the clothing behaviors. In light of social classes, 'economy' was given a high priority by the lower class, and 'status symbol' by the upper class, respectively. Considering educational levels, it was found that the highly educated class placed more emphasis on 'status symbol' and the lower educated class showed their preference to 'economy'. In view of monthly pay, 'conformity' was given a top priority by the middle class, and 'status symbol' by the upper class. 4. As a result of investigating the influence that one's age and marriage effect on clothing behaviors, significant differences were found among the three clothing motivations of 'aesthetic', modesty', 'status symbol'.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.53-63
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• 1982

The purpose of this study were; (1) to investigate the relationship between the general values and 3 aspects of clothing behaviors. (2) to investigate attitudes toward Korean clothing between students and their mothers. General values were measured by the Allport-Vernon-Lindzey Study of Values(Part 1 only), which determines relative prominence of six basic values. Three aspects of clothing behaviors were assessed by statements dealing with satisfaction, exhibitionism, and fashion. Korean clothing measures consisted of statements dealing with positive and negative attituded toward psychological and practical aspects. The samples consisted of 200 students(student group) and 100 mothers (mother group) in Daejon. The data were analyzed by correlation and t-values. The results obtained through this study were as follows: 1) Positive relationship were found between: (1) Aesthetic value and the exhibitionism of clothing, (2) Aesthetic value and the fashion of clothing. Negative relationships existed between (1) Theoretical value and the exhibitionism of clothing, (2) Economic value and the fashion of clothing, (3) Social value and the fashion of clothing. 2) Significant differences were found between two groups(students and their mothers) : Economic, aesthetic, and political values as well as exhibitionism and fashion in clothing behaviors. 3) In general, highly positive attitude toward Korean clothing was found on psychological aspect, while highly negative attitude was found on practical aspect. Significant differences were found between two groups; (1)‘Graceful’of psychological aspect and‘economic’,‘inexpensive’of practical aspect in positive attitudes toward Korean clothing, (2)‘Unsuitable to current life style’,‘not modern’and‘not beautiful’of psychological aspect in negative attitudes toward Korean clothing.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.243-252
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• 2022

Objectives: Very limited previous research has investigated the utility weights of prostate-related diseases in the general population in Korea. The purpose of this study was to calculate the utility of prostate-related health states in the Korean general public using the standard gamble (SG) method. Methods: Seven health states for hypothetical prostate cancers, 1 for benign prostate hyperplasia, and 1 for erectile dysfunction were developed based on patient education material and previous publications. In total, 460 responses from the Korean general population were used to analyze the utility of prostate-related health states. Computer-assisted personal interviews were conducted, and utility values were measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and SG. Mean utility values were calculated for each prostate-related health state. Results: The mean utility values of prostate cancer derived from SG ranged from 0.281 (metastatic castration-refractory prostate cancer) to 0.779 (localized prostate cancer requiring prostatectomy). The utility value of benign prostate hyperplasia was 0.871, and that of erectile dysfunction was 0.812. The utility values obtained using the SG method in all conditions were higher than the values obtained by VAS. There were no significant demographic variables affecting utility values in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Our findings might be useful for economic evaluation and utility calculation of screening and interventions for prostate-related conditions in the general population.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.32-43
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• 2023

Purposes: This research is conducted to identify main features and trends of mission, vision and core values in Korean tertiary general hospitals by using text-mining. Methodology: For the study, 45 mission, 112 vision and 190 core values are collected from 45 tertiary general hospitals' homepages in 2022 and use word frequency analysis and Leyword co-occurrence analysis. Findings: In the tertiary general hospitals' mission, there are high frequency words such as 'health', 'humanity', 'medical treatment', 'education', 'research', 'happiness', 'love', 'best', 'spirit', and mission mainly includes the content of contributing humanity's health and happiness with these words. In case of vision, high frequency words are 'hospital', 'medical treatment', 'research', 'lead', 'trust', 'centered', 'patient', 'best', 'future'. By using these words in vision, it represents the definition and characteristics of vision such as ideal organizations in the future, goals and targets. As a result of the Leyword co-occurrence analysis, vision includes the content of 'high-tech medical treatment', 'special care for patients', 'leading education and research', 'the highest trust with customer', 'creative talents training'. -astly, the high frequency word-pairs in core values are 'social distribution', 'innovation pursuit', 'cooperation and harmony', and it defines standards of behavior for organizations. Practical Implication: To correct the problems of vision, mission and core values from findings, firstly, it needs for Korean tertiary general hospitals to use the words that can explain organization's identity and differentiate others in their mission. Secondly, considering strengthening the role of hospitals in their community and the importance of members in organizations, it is necessary to establish vision with considering community and members to activate vision effectively. Thirdly, because there are no specific guidelines of establishing mission, vision and core values for healthcare organizations, this research concepts and results could be utilized when other organizations establish mission, vision and core values.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.821-841
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• 2009

This paper explores the ways to reshape humanistic values of the curriculum of the English department of Korean universities. The English curricula are usually composed of three fields of literary studies, general education, and English proficiency, whose conventional humanistic values have been currently dwindling. As for literary studies, teaching literature still hovers over the canonical works of past decades, not allowing students to access the canon with their own ideas and ending up with authoritative monologues. The general education field leans toward edited texts rather than authentic ones, which ignores a genuine path of communication between the author and its readers. Subjects for English proficiency such as "TOEIC" tend to be taught online with no teacher's presence for the nominal purpose of optimizing economic efficiency in teaching. All these testify to the attenuation of humanistic values in the curriculum, which motivates us to suggest some ways to reshape the values. Authoritative monologue in teaching literature can be shifted to the open-ended conversation by using role-play methods as well as accepting extra-canonical works into the curriculum. Authentic texts for general education prove to be preferred by students with the successful result of our experiment. Lastly, it is teacher's presence in the class that helps get higher achievement of "TOEIC" than some online classes. As suggested above, open-ended conversation, wider communication between author and readers, and human presence of the class will help reshape humanistic values in the English curriculum.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.195-216
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• 2015

Students' perceived values of career play a core role in formation of their career motivation. In particular, science gifted students should build sound values of career in science and technology so that our society can retain the human resources for future science and technology. This study compared and analyzed the structure of science gifted and general middle school students' preferred job and values of career using semantic network analysis. Methodologically, we first collected science gifted and general middle school students' preferred careers and the reasons of the career choice using survey method. Then, we structuralize semantic networks of students' perceived values of their preferred careers using semantic network analysis. We identified the characters of networks that two different student groups showed based on the structure matrix indices of semantic network analysis. Findings revealed that science gifted students considered the creativeness as the most important value of career. Second, science gifted students considered more diverse values of career than general students. Third, science gifted students considered the self-realization such as displaying capability as a core value of career in STEM and medical science whereas general students considered the community service as a core value of the careers. This study identified the significant differences between science gifted and general middle school students' values of careers. The structures of students perceived values of careers can be used for teachers to counsel their students about students' future careers.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.93-103
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• 2015

Purpose - This study plans to adopt a more sophisticated approach toward service recognition by customers in general supermarkets in order to revise the service quality measurement methods that suit the context of Korean distribution channels. In particular, in general supermarkets, where much of the shopping process is in the form of self-service, there is high reliance on the service recognized by the consumers; therefore, it is highly likely that consumers would make their purchasing decisions based on their recognition of service quality or guarantees. It also utilized service quality elements of a basic level in the KD-SQS development model in order to indicate that the quality recognized by consumers impacts their loyalty to the stores with financial value and abstract value. Research design, data, and methodology - The study suggested a theoretical model comprising 13 hypotheses on relations between theoretic variables, and conducted surveys with consumers using discount stores in Seoul and Gyunggi Metropolitan area in order to verify the hypotheses, while using SPSS 20.0, AMOS 21.0 as the verification program. The survey sheets used amounted to 332, and a structural equation model was used to analyze the reliability and validity of constituent elements and to verify the suggested hypothesis. Therefore, this study analyzes the interrelations between service quality and guarantee factors in the distribution channel and their relations with the loyalty to stores as a dependent variable. Results - First, the results of the hypotheses tests helped identify the relations between service quality, service guarantees, service value, and customer loyalty, providing an opportunity to define the relations between constituent elements. In particular, service convenience in service quality has no impact on financial values. Further, stores' service policy had no impact on abstract values. Service recognition by service convenience has an impact on abstract values such as good image, comfort, and usability, while mileage systems promote financial values for consumers. In order to improve consumer values in service quality and values, general supermarkets should improve their service convenience, membership, and mileage programs using various strategies. Conclusion - In order to improve consumer values in service quality and values, general supermarkets should improve their service convenience, membership, and mileage programs using various strategies. Further, as service guarantee systems have a significant and direct impact on customer loyalty, rather than customer value recognition, service guarantees should be used to encourage customers to re-visit the stores. Finally, this study applied the findings of preceding studies in terms of service quality measurement; it had limitations in referencing preceding studies in a comprehensive manner. It also had limits in expanding upon various preceding studies because it was difficult to apply new measurement tools due to the lack of service quality measurement tools for general supermarkets. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct more studies on service quality to measure service quality and develop measurement tools by incorporating various industry characteristics.