• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.449-456
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• 2014

This study aims to contribute to our knowledge on gender role identity of middle-aged women within the Korean context. This research adapting Q methodology created a sampling distribution of P with 40 middle-aged women between 40-60 years old. We put each of 40 Q samples to become a forced distribution into 9 scales. And then we conducted a secondary analysis of the results from the principal component factor analysis by the PC QUANL program. Gender role identities of middle aged women were classified as four types: "affectionate-sensitive type", "affectionate-confident type", "assertive-confident type", and "sensitive-dominant type". Most of the middle-aged women in Korea tend to keep their original gender role identities. Some of women, however, experience the gender role identity change over time that their traits of traditional caring become more prominent than their affectionate character.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.5-14
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• 2011

This study analyzes sexism in children's picture books that incorporate mathematical problems and problem-solving into the plot to determine if children's earliest reading material is affecting the achievement gap between males and females in this subject area. The study focused not just on overall totals of male and female characters, but also analyzed which genders most often portrayed gender stereotyped behaviors and personality traits and which characters were most often shown with mathematical skills. The findings of the study show that there were twice as many male as female characters, and the math problem-solving was generally done by males in the majority of titles.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.625-637
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• 1998

To determine factors affecting self-care behavior of diabetics, the relationships of hardiness, family support, demographic and medical variables to self-care behavior were investigated in 180 samples with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. In stepwise multiple regression analysis, 26.76% of the variance in self-care behavior was accounted for by family support(15.52%), age(7.76%), and clinical history (2.07%). To compare the magnitude of predictor's significance by gender, stepwise multiple regression was conducted seperatively by gender group. In the male sample 25.22% of the variance in self-care behavior was accounted for by family support, age, and challenge. In the female sample family support, age, and committment were significant predictors in self-care behavior with 28.82% of the variance. The results highlight the value of family support in self-care behavior in diabetics regardless of gender difference. According to the finding of this study, family support is the most significant predictor of self-care behavior in NIDDM. This implicates that in future diabetic care, a family member should be encouraged to participate in the patient education process. Also as hardiness is not supported by a unidimensional construct, more empirical studies are recommended to differentiate the conceptual traits for the three subconcepts of hardiness.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.5 s.83
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• pp.53-68
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• 2006

This study examines Korean and American undergraduate students' intimacy toward the grandmother and their attitudes toward the elderly and aging. The study also identifies the variances that influence undergraduate students' attitudes. The subjects were 397 Korean and 364 America undergraduates. Statistical analysis was conducted to examine frequency, percentage, meat standard deviation, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, t-test, Duncan test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study were as follows; 1) Both Korean and American undergraduates' attitudes were mid-range, but their intimacy level toward their grandmother was high. 2) The Korean undergraduates' intimacy level differed significantly according to sex and religion, and it showed a significant correlation with attitudes toward the elderly and aging traits, when the student had lived with and had frequent contact with the grandmother. The American undergraduates' intimacy level, however, was significantly different according to the presence of the grandmother. There was also had a significant correlation with the undergraduate students' attitudes toward the elderly and aging traits, frequency of contact with the grandmother and year. 3) The variables that affect the Korean undergraduates' intimacy level toward the grandmother were attitude, cohabitation with her, gender, frequency of contact with the grandmother, and religion, which explained about 21% of total variance. Attitudes toward the elderly and aging traits were very important variables for Korean undergraduates' intimacy with their grandmother. The American undergraduates' intimacy was affected by the variables of attitude, frequency of contact with the grandmother, year, and the presence of the grandmother, which explained about 19% of the total variance. Attitude toward the elderly and aging traits were the most important variables for American undergraduates' intimacy with their grandmother.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.452-459
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between general health condition and biopsychological traits of Sasang typology which determines the disease susceptibility and treatment responses. We had Korean Constitutional Multicenter Bank (KCMB) listed 1156 participants for measuring Sasang Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and Body Mass Index (BMI) for biopsychological traits of each Sasang types as well as Short Form 12 (SF12) for general health status. All the analysis was performed with consideration of gender and age. We analyzed the differences in general health status between Sasang types and the correlation between general health status and biopsychological traits of Sasang typology. We also analyzed how much the selected SF12 subscales can be explained with biopsychosocial characteristics. There were no generaliszable differences among Sasang type groups in SF12, no significant correlation between biopsychological traits and SF12 Physical and Mental Component Summary. We found that there were significant correlations between SPQ-Behavior subscale and SF12 Vitality, and the regression model with SPQ-Behavior, SPQ-Emotionality, age and sex can predict 15.4% of the total variances in SF12 Vitality. We discussed the possibility that the Sasang typology is not a determinant of general health status but a moderator for the susceptibility and response. This study would contribute to the development of Sasang type-specific life nurturing program focusing on the psychological perspectives.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.149-153
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• 2010

The present study was carried out to estimate genetic parameters for body weight traits in Ghezel sheep. The data set used was records of 9,221 lambs from 180 sires and 5,060 dams for birth weight (BW), 7,206 lambs from 167 sires and 4,497 dams for weaning weight (WW) and 6,112 lambs from 157 sires and 3,841 dams for 6-months weight (6 MW), which were collected from 1999 to 2007 (9-years) at Ghezel sheep Breeding Station in west Azarbaijan. Variance components and corresponding genetic parameters were obtained with univariate analyses fitting animal models using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) methods. The most suitable model for each trait was determined based on log likelihood ratio tests. Birth year, lamb gender, type of birth, age of dam and herd were significant sources of variation on BW, WW and 6 MW (p<0.01). Direct estimate of heritability for BW, WW and 6 MW was 0.24, 0.29 and 0.37, respectively. The estimate of maternal permanent environmental variance as a proportion of phenotypic variance was 0.09 and 0.05 for BW and WW, respectively. The results of this study showed that genetic progress for growth traits is possible by selection.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.99-120
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• 2021

This study examined the differences in facial emotion processing related to psychopathic traits. On the basis of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised (Lee & Park, 2008), students were divided into psychopathic trait (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. Participants performed two tasks consisted of negative(angry, fear, sad) and neutral faces. Event-related potentials(EPRs) were recorded when participants categorized gender in the implicit task and emotion in the explicit task. We analyzed the late positive potentials(LPP) amplitude to investigate differences in emotion processing between psychopathic trait group and control group. In the implicit task, there was no significant difference in both groups. However, there was a significant interaction between emotion and group at the frontocentral region in the explicit task. The psychopathic trait group showed greater LPP amplitudes for the neutral faces than for the negative faces, whereas the control group showed similar LPP amplitudes for the neutral and negative faces at the frontocentral site. These results might reflect the abnormalities in emotional processing in individuals with psychopathic traits.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.17-28
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• 2010

This study looked into how much maternal genetic effect influenced on economic traits through estimation of genetic parameter and heritability over swine's economic traits by maternal animal model using GGP farm examination data of total 31,455 swine of Duroc species, Landrace species and Yorkshire species that were born between 2000 and 2008. As a result of significance test over each factor in surveyed all traits, high significance was approved in the effect of breed, gender, the date of swine's birth, the season swine's born, and difference in delivery in every trait (p<0.01). It is considered that it would be possible to get more efficient improvement effect provided correlation between additive genetic effect and maternal genetic effect as well as maternal genetic effect according to breed, traits, and improvement direction are properly considered as negative covariance existed between additive genetic distribution and maternal genetic distribution presumed for traits by each breed and their genetic relation also showed mostly strong negative correlation.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.127-151
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between process variables, personality traits, intrinsic/extrinsic motivation and their mathematical creativity and how much these factors affect this creativity. These results show the major factor in mathematical creativity as being the gender difference between the gifted male and female middle school students. This also suggests that the education and living guidance of both gifted male and female students should take a different direction in relation to their gender differences in middle schools. In conclusion, all of the normal intellective and non-intellective factors, as well as home process variables, are the basic major data concerned with the effects of mathematical creativity. So, it is with all of this research that the proof for researching synthetically via a new creative research model can be offered.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.914-921
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• 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality in young bulls, steers and heifers produced by crossing Limousin bulls with Holstein-Friesian cows, fattened semi-intensively and slaughtered at 18 months of age. Methods: Thirty-one young calves were reared in a conventional production system, and were fed milk replacer, hay and concentrate. At 6 months of age, the animals were divided into groups based on gender, and were fed a total mixed ration composed of grass silage, concentrates I and II in a semi-intensive production system. At the end of the fattening period (18 months), the animals were slaughtered, carcass quality was evaluated, and samples of musculus longissimus thoracis were collected to determine the proximate composition and quality of meat. Results: Bulls were characterized by the highest percentage share of the most valuable cuts in the carcass, and three-rib sections from bull carcasses had the highest lean meat content with low intramuscular fat content (0.93%). No significant differences in carcass conformation, dressing percentage or the percentage share of round in the right half-carcass were found between bulls vs. steers and heifers. Heifers and steers had higher carcass fat content than bulls, which had a positive influence on the sensory properties of beef. In comparison with the meat of bulls, the meat of steers and heifers was characterized by more desirable physical properties and sensory attributes (water-holding capacity, shear force, color lightness, aroma, juiciness, tenderness, flavor). Conclusion: Under the semi-intensive production system, heifers and steers had higher carcass fat content than bulls, which had a positive effect on the sensory properties of beef. Bulls are better suited for intensive systems, which contribute to improving the quality of their meat. The results of this study may encourage producers to breed steers and heifers for beef.