• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.1026-1030
• /
• 2009

Western wedding ceremony is generalized and it has been focused on bride's wedding dress and jewelry design as coming in western culture in Korea. Especially, metal design has developed a lot as enlarging the scale of jewelry market but study of gem cutting design is insufficient really. To meet demands of consumers of the 21th century we try fancy not standardizing style gems by using new faceting technique to maximize brilliance as wedding jewelry. In this thesis, we use popular and moderate priced synthetic cubic zirconia(CZ) which is able to alternate expensive diamond and natural gems to make easy approach of consumer as main gem material of wedding jewelry. And we develop various gem cutting design that is used synthetic cubic zirconia(CZ). We will contribute to development of new wedding jewelry design proposing various gems cutting style fitted for gem setting technique of wedding jewelry.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.57-66
• /
• 2005

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to examine accuracy of predicted resting energy expenditure (REE), relationship fat free mass (FFM) and REE. Methods : 60 normal, obese women $(body\;mass\;index\;{\geq}25kg/m^2)$ were recruited for this study, they had low calorie diet for 8 weeks. At week 0, 4, and 8, REE was measured by MedGem (indirect calorimeter), Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) using Cunningham equation, and Harris-Benedict (H-B) equation, FFM was also measured by BIA. Results : The REE predicted by BIA was lower than the REE measured by MedGem (MG) in every measurement. The REE predicted by H-B equation predicted REE was lower than that of MG in the second measurement (p<0.01). The REE measured by MedGem was declined after 8 weeks, BIA and H-B equation predicted REE were declined after 4 weeks (p<0.01). H-B equation predicted REE had more significant correlation with the REE measured by MedGem than that of BIA. There was significant correlation between measured REE and FFM, but measured REE declined after 8 weeks, FFM declined after 4 weeks (p<0.01). We derived a prediction equation as follows : REE = 108.36+31.42 (FFM), $R^2=0.23$.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.159-167
• /
• 2022

In the past few decade years, laboratory-grown diamonds, also known as synthetic diamonds usually, have become more and more prosperous in the global diamond market. There are two main crystal growth processes of the gem-quality laboratory-grown diamond, the high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Synthetic gem diamonds grown by the HPHT press have been commercially available since the mid-1990s. Today, significant amounts of gem-quality colorless HPHT laboratory-grown diamonds have been producing for the jewelry industry. In the last several years, the CVD laboratory-grown diamonds have been gaining popularity in the market. In 2021, the CVD production rose and there are expectations that the trend would move upward continuously. This article presents information about the current status of laboratory-grown diamonds, lower cost compared to natural diamonds, market share, color distribution, spectroscopic properties of laboratory-grown diamonds, and so on.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.1376-1379
• /
• 2004

This study is designed integration and control system of GaAs bonding system consisted of multi-processing using DeviceNet and GEM-Protocol. Developing bonding system is composed of resin coating, pre-baking pre-aligner, bonding, material handler(flip robot), and wafer cassette, etc. This system has process-fluent of each a process and share information using GEM-protocol. This study devised virtual bonding simulator to control and to monitor bonding system efficiently. Also we can verify optimizing of system previously through a virtual bonding simulator.

• The Magazine of the IEIE
• /
• v.33 no.6 s.265
• /
• pp.49-63
• /
• 2006

본 원고는 지역적으로 상이한 데이터방송 표준을 어플리케이션의 상호 운용성(interoperability)보장이라는 관점에서 일련의 공통된 프레임워크(framework)를 제시하고 있는 GEM(Globally Executable MHP)을 기반으로 한 어플리케이션의 관리 방안을 소개한다. 특히, 데어터방송 컨텐츠의 상호 운용성을 고려하여 어플리케이션의 운영과 관련된 GEM의 어플리케이션 라이프사이클(application lifecycle) 부문에 초점을 맞춰 어플리케이션의 수명주기 즉, 어플리케이션의 생성 및 로딩(loading)에서부터 시작하여 종료(destroy)에 이르기까지의 어플리케이션의 전체 수명주기를 공통적으로 관리할 수 있기 위한 어플리케이션 라이프사이클의 프레임워크 및 시그널링(signalling) 프로세스를 제안한다. 본 원고에서 제안하고 있는 어플리케이션관리 방안은 각 방송플랫폼간의 조화를 고려하고 있는 상황에서 해당 플랫폼에서의 어플리케이션 운용과 관련된 모듈을 구성하는데 공통적으로 적용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 또한, 각 방송플랫폼 간의 어플리케이션의 상호 운용성을 고려함에 있어 어플리케이션 관리 측면에서의 접근 방법으로 제안될 수 있을 것으로 기대 된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.35 no.6
• /
• pp.1605-1612
• /
• 2014

Copper(I)-catalyzed Huisgen cycloaddition of terminal alkynes with unmasked azidoamines derived from amino acids is described. The reported strategy provides a new entry to highly hindered ${\beta}$-amino 1,2,3-triazole derivatives bearing a gem-diaryl group, which are potentially valuable entities as molecular catalysts for asymmetric transformations.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.405-413
• /
• 2014

In this study, gemcitabine (Gem)-Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) conjugates were synthesized through an amide linkage reaction. Then, the microparticles of Gem-PLLA/PLLA blends containing gemcitabine were prepared using a supercritical fluid process, called aerosol solvent extraction system (ASES). Gemcitabine-loaded Gem-PLLA/PLLA microparticles obtained from the ASES process showed a spherical shape. The amount of gemcitabine released after 30 day incubation in a phosphate buffer solution of pH 7.4 was about 90% of the total amount of gemcitabine present in the product.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.78-84
• /
• 1993

In PMN-pyrochlore phase mixtures, dielectric constant was measured as a function of the volume fraction of pyrochlore phase and considered with general effective media(GEM) equation. For the application of GEM equation to this system, the critical volume fraction(Vc) where connectivity between the perovskite PMN and pyrochlore phase changed from 0-3 to 3-3, was determined based on the each particle size ratio of two phases with microstructural observation. And then the t value was determined from modified percolation powder-law dependence ( K-Kc (V-Vc)t). In the case of applying such values of t and Vc to the GEM equation, which provided a reasonable fit to the measured dielectric constant within the experimental error range.

• Atmosphere
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.425-441
• /
• 2013

This study investigates the projections of water cycle, budget and river discharge over land in the world at the end of twenty-first century simulated by atmosphere-ocean climate model of Hadley Centre (HadGEM2-AO) and total runoff integrating pathways (TRIP) based on the RCP scenario. Firstly, to validate the HadGEM2-AO hydrology, the surface water states were evaluated for the present period using precipitation, evaporation, runoff and river discharge. Although this model underestimates the annual precipitation about 0.4 mm $mon^{-1}$, evaporation 3.7 mm $mon^{-1}$, total runoff 1.6 mm $mon^{-1}$ and river discharge 8.6% than observation and reanalysis data, it has good water balance in terms of inflow and outflow at surface. In other words, it indicates the -0.3 mm $mon^{-1}$ of water storage (P-E-R) compared with ERA40 showing -2.4 mm $mon^{-1}$ for the present hydrological climate. At the end of the twenty-first century, annual mean precipitation may decrease in heavy rainfall region, such as northern part of South America, central Africa and eastern of North America, but for increase over the Tropical Western Pacific and East Asian region. Also it can generally increase in high latitudes inland of the Northern Hemisphere. Spatial patterns of annual evaporation and runoff are similar to that of precipitation. And river discharge tends to increase over all continents except for South America including Amazon Basin, due to increased runoff. Overall, HadGEM2-AO prospects that water budget for the future will globally have negative signal (-8.0~-0.3% of change rate) in all RCP scenarios indicating drier phase than the present climate over land.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.435-442
• /
• 2008

Natural, synthetic, and treated diamonds were studied by NMR and EPR. It was demonstrated that natural and synthetic diamonds, treated and non-treated diamonds, high pressure high temperature (HPHT) treated and electron beam treated diamonds could be distinguished among each other based on the $^{13}C$ NMR spectra acquired for relatively short periods of 100 minutes. The $^{13}C$ NMR linewidths of gem quality synthetic diamonds were broader than 1.6 ppm due to the paramagentic effects of transition metals, generally used as catalysts, while the linewidths of gem quality natural diamonds were narrower than 0.5 ppm regardless of the methods of treatment. The linewidth (0.5 ppm) for a HPHT treated, gem quality natural diamond was as broad as more than twice of the linewidth (0.2 ppm) of an electron beam treated diamond. The $^{13}C$ NMR signal intensities of treated, gem quality natural diamonds were as strong as more than 10 times of the intensities of non-treated, gem quality natural diamonds. When correlated with the concentrations of the paramagnetic defects (electrons) obtained from the EPR spectra, the relative $^{13}C$ NMR signal intensities increased in proportion to the concentrations of the paramagnetic electrons contained in each sample but the electron beam treated diamond was an exception. This suggested that the lattice component, in addition to the paramagnetic defect component, should also be considered in determining the $^{13}C$ NMR signal intensity of the electron beam treated diamond.