• 한국기후변화학회지
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.399-406
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to propose a methodology for estimating greenhouse gas emission reduction through HFCs used in the foam industry. This study investigated characteristics of HFCs and greenhouse gas emissions from production processes in the foam industry, which uses HFCs as a blowing agent. Also, we investigated fluorinated gas removal technology to determine a proper technology for the foam industry. And we confirmed the criteria and characteristics of External Project for methodology development. According to criteria of External Project and foam industrial process emission, a methodology for calculating the amount of greenhouse gas emission reduction in foam industry was developed. Lastly, we analyzed the amount of greenhouse gas emission reduction and KOC (Korea Of Offset) in the foam industry based on the domestic government's plan to reduce HCFCs and imported amount of HFCs used as a blowing agent. The results of this study demonstrate that linking greenhouse gas reduction in the foam industry and the domestic greenhouse gas reduction system can contribute to achieve the domestic greenhouse gas reduction goal.

• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.72-79
• /
• 2015

천연가스 감압기지에 터보팽창기 감압시스템을 도입하여 천연가스의 감압과정에서 전기에너지를 생산할 수 있다. 터보팽창기의 효율은 천연가스의 유량과 터보팽창기 설계유량의 비에 따라 달라진다. 따라서 터보팽창기로 들어가는 유량을 조절함으로써 감압시스템을 운전하기 위한 최적조건을 결정할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 두 곳의 저압 정압기지에서 천연가스의 압력이 17.5 bar에서 8.5 bar로 감압될 때 천연가스의 유량에 따라 생산 가능한 전력을 계산하고 계산결과의 비교를 통해 터보팽창기 감압시스템이 최적으로 운전되기 위한 조건을 찾았다. 천연가스의 평균 유량이 크고 유량의 변화가 작을 때 터보팽창기가 효율적으로 운전되었고 터보팽창기의 설계유량은 천연가스의 유량을 가장 많이 포함하는 용량에서 결정되었다. 선정된 두 정압기지에서 회수 가능한 전력생산량은 9 MW(B 기지), 12 MW(D 기지)로 추산되었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.355-363
• /
• 2010

High purity hydrogen, 97-99 vol.%, with CO at just ppm levels was obtained in a fixed bed of iron oxide employing the steam-iron cycle operation with reduction at 823K and oxidation in a steam-$N_2$ mixture at 773K TGA experiments indicated that temperature of the reduction step as well as its duration are important for preventing carbon build-up in iron and the intrusion of $CO_2$ into the hydrogen product. At a reduction temperature of 823K, oxide reduction by $H_2$ was considerably faster than reduction by CO. If the length of the reduction step exceeds optimal value, low levels of methane gas appeared in the off-gas. Furthermore, with longer durations of the reduction step and CO levels in the reducing gas greater than 10 vol.%, carbidization of the iron and/or carbon deposition in the bed exhibited the increasing pressure drop over the bed, eventually rendering the reactor inoperable. Reduction using a reducing gas containing 10 vol.% CO and a optimal reduction duration gave constant $H_2$ flow rates and off-gas composition over 10 redox reaction cycles.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• 제6권6호
• /
• pp.591-598
• /
• 2005

A three-way catalyst system of a natural gas vehicle (NGV) has characteristics of higher fuel consumption and higher thermal load than a lean-bum catalyst system. To meet stringent emission standards in the future, NGV with the lean-bum engine may need a catalyst system to reduce the amounts of HC, CO and NOx emission, although natural gas system has low emission characteristics. We conducted experiments to evaluate the conversion efficiency of the NOx reduction catalyst for the lean-burn natural gas engine. The NOx reduction catalysts were prepared with the ${\gamma}-Al_{2}O_3$ washcoat including Ba based on Pt, Pd and Rh precious metal. In the experiments, effective parameters were space velocity, spike duration of the rich condition, and the temperature of flowing model gas. From the results of the experiments, we found that the temperature for maximum NOx reduction was around $450^{\circ}C$, and the space velocity for optimum NOx reduction was around $30,000\;h^{-1}$ And we developed an evaluation model of the NOx reduction catalyst to evaluate the conversion performance of each other catalysts.

• 한국해양공학회지
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.393-402
• /
• 2021

As greenhouse gas emissions from maritime transport are increasing, the International Maritime Organization is continuously working to strengthen emission regulations. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) fuel is less advantageous as a point of CO₂ reduction due to the methane leakage that occurs during the bunkering and operation of marine engines. In this study, greenhouse gas emissions from an LNG-fueled ship were analyzed from the perspective of the life cycle. The amount ofmethane emission during the bunkering and operation procedures with various boil-off gas (BOG) treatment methods and gas engine specifications was analyzed by dynamic simulation. The results were also compared with those of other liquid fuel engines. As a result, small LNG-fueled ships without a BOG treatment facility emitted 32% more greenhouse gas than ships utilizing marine gas oil or heavy fuel oil. To achieve a greenhouse gas reduction via a BOG treatment method, a gas combustion unit or re-liquefaction system must be mounted, which results in a greenhouse gas reduction effect of about 25% and 30%. As a result of comparing the amount of greenhouse gas generated according to the BOG treatment method used with each tank size from the perspective of the operating cycle with the amounts from using existing marine fuels, the BOG treatment method showed superior effects of greenhouse gas reduction.

• 한국기후변화학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.231-236
• /
• 2016

Electrocatalytic reduction can produce useful chemicals and fuels such as carbon monoxide, methane, formate, aldehydes, and alcohols using carbon dioxide, the green house gas, as a reactant through the supply of electrical energy. In this study, tin-lead (Sn-Pb) alloy electrodes are fabricated by electrodeposition on a carbon paper with different alloy composition and used as cathode for electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide into formate in an aqueous system. The prepared electrodes are measured by Faradaic efficiency and partial current density for formate production. Electrocatalytic reduction experiments are carried out at -1.8 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) using H-type cell under ambient temperature and pressure and the gas and liquid products are analyzed by gas chromatograph and liquid chromatograph, respectively. As results, the Sn-Pb electrodes show higher Faradaic efficiency and partial current density than the single metal electrode. The Sn-Pb alloy electrode which have Sn:Pb molar ratio=2:1, shows the highest Faradaic efficiency of 88.7%.

• 한국기후변화학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.335-339
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze effects of greenhouse gas reduction in organic agriculture. To accomplish the objective of the study, a field survey was conducted. Based on the field survey results, LCA method was used to estimate the greenhouse gas emission. The farmer survey and LCA estimation data were provided by The Foundation of Agricultural Technology Commercialization and Transfer. The GHG estimation results showed that GHG emission of organic farming is less by 10.6~89.3% when compared with the conventional farming. In addition, the economic value of greenhouse gas reduction in organic farming amounts to 1,097 million won. Based on major findings, in response to national greenhouse gas reduction target, it is needed to expand organic farming, supporting organic farmers' income.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.355-360
• /
• 2003

Recently, a cement plays an important roll in the materials field. So, in this research we would like to study on the properties of waste gas reduction in the photocatalytic cement. The fundamental phenomena of waste gas reduction in the photocatalytic cement were observed by the NOx analyzer with reaction chamber, UV Lamp, MFC, and humidity control bath. As a result of this study, the photocatalytic cement used photocatalytic powder, admixture and other materials can obtain NOx gas reduction and its photocatalytic efficiency. Developing for the photocatalytic cement, we need a various study.

• Carbon letters
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.17-21
• /
• 2000

Catalytic reduction and oxidation of NO over polyacrylonitrile based activated carbon fibers (PAN-ACF) under various conditions were carried out to develop removal process of NO from the flue gas. The effect of temperature, oxygen concentration and the moisture content for the reduction of NO with ammonia as a reducing agent was investigated. The reduction of NO increased with the oxygen concentration, but decreased with the increased temperature. The moisture content in the flue gas affects the reduction of NO as the inhibition of the adsorption of the other components and the reaction on the surface of ACE For the oxidation of NO to $NO_2$ over PAN-ACF without using a reducing gas, it showed the temperature and the oxygen concentration of the flue gas are the important factors for the NO conversion in which the conversion increased with oxygen concentration and decreased with the temperature increase and might be the alternative option for the selective catalytic reduction process.

• 대한금속재료학회지
• /
• 제50권6호
• /
• pp.445-448
• /
• 2012

We studied the effect of temperature and reaction time by investigating the various temperatures and reaction times in the reduction of molybdenum oxide ($MoO_3$) to molybdenum (Mo) powder in hydrogen gas. We also studied the effect of the reaction of reduction according to the various hydrogen gas flow rates. We surveyed the reduction from molybdenum oxide to molybdenum powder in hydrogen gas and checked two temperature ranges, one from $400^{\circ}C$ to $600^{\circ}C$ and the other from $700^{\circ}C$ to $900^{\circ}C$. We found that the reaction ratio of molybdenum oxide increased with an increasing temperature and also increased with an increasing reaction time, but hydrogen gas did not influence the reduction ratio of molybdenum oxide. We examined molybdenum powders fabricated by ball milling for two hours, using with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscopy (SEM).