• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.3
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• pp.13-24
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the changes brought by the upper body form using a three-dimensional human body measurement the gypsum method. The developed plane figure was constructed using paper replica to analyze the dimensional shape of the upper torso and to be able to design clothes suitable for elderly women's physical characteristics. The characteristics are analyzed and compared with existing patterns in order to extract the components for the pattern design. The examination was carried out based on the developed plane figures of upper body surface replicas. Type 1, the bent-forward body form, has a wide gap on the shoulder. In Type 2, the gap of waist line was wide at angulus scapulae point. Type 3 was the thin body form, and the girth of the chest, front interscye breadth and back interscye breadth were more level with one another, compared to the other types. In Type 4, the bent-backward body form, there was a wide gap on front shoulder. Comparison with the developed plane figure and existed pattern, items revealed differences in significance included the front and back interscye width between the measured values of the existed patterns and the developed plane figure. Therefore, the basic components of basic bodice pattern for old women were determined in the up-bust circumference and length of the back.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.30-41
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• 2002

This study was to evaluate the fabrication method and marginal adaptation of the conical inner crown fabricated with CAD/CAM. The informations on abutment teeth were transferred to a computer with a micro contact digitizer, which had a $50{\mu}m$ accuracy on the master die. A conical inner crown was designed on a computer and a real crown was machined based on this design using CAM. The marginal fit of a computer-machined conical inner crown was assessed using electron microscopy Measurement of the marginal gap between the conical inner crown and the abutment was performed on four different locations (mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual surfaces) of the finish line. The evaluation was based on 10 test specimens. The results were as follow. 1 The mean marginal gap between the conical inner crown and abutment tooth was $83.2{\pm}43{\mu}m$, 28.9% of the specimen showed marginal gap over $100{\mu}m$. 2. The fabrication method using CATRS and CAM provided clinically acceptable marginal fitness compared to conventional casting method (P<0.05).

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.203-211
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• 2001

Residual stresses were predicted by a flow analysis in the mold cavity and residual stress distribution in the injection molded product was measured. Flow field was analyzed by the hybrid FEM/FDM method, using the Hele Shaw approximation. The Modified Cross model was used to determine the dependence of the viscosity on the temperature and the shear rate. The specific volume of the polymer melt which varies with the pressure and temperature fields was calculated by the Tait\`s state equation. Flow analysis results such as pressure, temperature, and the location of the liquid-solid interface were used as the input of the stress analysis. In order to calculate more accurate gap-wise temperature field, a coordinate transformation technique was used. The residual stress distribution in the gap-wise temperature field, a coordinate transformation technique was used. The residual stress distribution in the gap-wise direction was predicted in two cases, the free quenching, under the assumption that the shrinkage of the injection molded product occurs within the mold cavity and that the solid polymer is elastic. Effects of the initial flow rate, packing pressure, and mold temperature on the residual stress distribution was discussed. Experimental results were also obtained by the layer removal method for molded polypropylene.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.425.2-425.2
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• 2014

$TiO_2$ possesses great photocatalytic properties but absorbs only UV light owing to high band gap energy (Eg = 3.2 eV). By narrowing the band gap through doping a metal ion, the photocatalytic activity can be enhanced in condition of the light of a higher than 365 nm wavelength. Main purpose for this study is to evaluate the activities of metal doped $TiO_2$ for degrading the volatile organic compounds (VOCs); p-xylene is chosen in the VOC removal test. Vanadium is selected in this study because an ionic radius of vanadium is almost the same as titanium ion and vanadium can be easily doped into $TiO_2$. V-doped $TiO_2$ was synthesized by sol-gel methods and compared with pure $TiO_2$. Pure TiO2 powder and V-doped $TiO_2$ powder were coated on glasses by spray coating method. UV-Visible spectrophotometer was used for the measurement of the band gap changes. VOC concentration degradation level was tested with using various UV light sources in an enclosed chamber. Catalytic activities of prepared samples were evaluated based on the experimental results and compared with coated pure $TiO_2$ sample.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.236-244
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• 1998

When the capacity and traffic operation at signalized intersections are analyzed in Korea, the unprotected left-turn saturation flow rate, which is an important parameter for the analysis, is estimated form the USHCM model. thus, exact analysis of the left-turn is not possible because of the difference of traffic environments between two contries. In order to improve this problem, it is undertaken in this study to develop techniques for the estimation of unprotected left-turn saturation flows based on Korean drivers' data. As study intersections, signalized or unsignalized intersections on the 6, 4 and 2 lane streets are selected. the data for the saturation flow measurement and gap-acceptance behavior analysis are inputed in a notebook computer on the sites. The critical acceptance gaps of the 6, 4, and 2 lane streets are analyzed to be 6.0 secs, 4.6 secs, and 4.3 secs respectively. the average minimum headway of the left-turn vehicle was observed to be 2.6 secs. As the model to estimate unportected left-turn saturation flows, the drew model is recommended for 6 and 4 lane streets, and a graph is suggested for the 2-lane street. As the values of the parameters of the Drew model, the 2.6 secs of this study is recommended for the average minimum headway of the left-turn. But, the critical acceptance gap varies according to the approach speed of opposing traffic and driver population, it requires field survey to measure the gap of an intersection; however, the values of the gaps studied in this study may be used for the general intersections in urban area in Korean.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.207-210
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• 2009

A confocal technique was demonstrated for measuring the absolute value of an air gap between substrates. Since the two surfaces were in Rayleigh range of the laser focus for air gaps less than 200 nm, complete interference patterns were observed. And since interference patterns were obtained only from the area of focus, it was an advantage of this method that air gaps between multiple thin films could be measured. Stability is less than 1 nm except in the range where the interference pattern changes slowly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.390-390
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• 2010

Superconducting proximity effects of Nb/Si(111) were investigated with scanning tunneling microscopy(STM) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy(STS). A highly-doped($0.002\;{\omega}{\diamondsuit}cm$) Si wafer pieces were used as substrate and Nb source was thermally evaporated onto the atomically clean silicon substrate. The temperature of the silicon sample was held at $600^{\circ}C$ during the niobium deposition. And the sample was annealed at $600^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes additionally. Volmer-Weber growth mode is preferred in Nb/Si(111) at the sample temperature of $600^{\circ}C$. With proper temperature and annealing time, we can obtain Nb islands of lateral size larger than Nb coherence length(~38nm). And outside of the islands, bare Si($7{\times}7$) reconstructed surface is exposed due to the Volmer-Weber Growth mode. STS measurement at 5.6K showed that Nb island have BCS-like superconducting gap of about 2mV around the Fermi level and the critical temperature is calculated to be as low as 6.1K, which is lower than that of bulk niobium, 9.5K. This reduced value of superconducting energy gap indicates suppression of superconductivity in nanostructures. Moreover, the superconducting state is extended out of the Nb island, over to bare Si surface, due to the superconducting proximity effect. Spatially-resolved scanning tunneling spectroscopy(SR-STS) data taken over the inside and outside of the niobium island shows gradually reduced superconducting gap.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.91-102
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to develop an excellent bodice prototype that is adapted to the body shape of middle-aged women using 3D measurement data. In the evaluation of appearance, S pattern 4.00, B pattern 2.80, E pattern 2.40, L pattern 1.40 were shown in order, and the best fit of S pattern was evaluated as excellent. As a result of looking at the color distribution chart to find out the amount, E pattern and S pattern were not space in the front bust, armhole, and the back waist line. The B pattern and the L pattern were marked in blue because of insufficiency space in the back neck. As a result of evaluation the amount of air gap in the clothing, the air gap of the bust was 0.12, which is the largest pattern of B. Next, the L pattern appears as a tight circle with smallest air gap in the order of the S pattern 0.096, the E pattern 0.08, and the L pattern 0.003. The S pattern was evaluated to be the most appropriate for the body shape of middle-aged women. But the waist and back were slightly tight. Middle-aged women have larger shoulder-related items and larger waist circumference. Therefore, when you set the perimeter item, you should add 1-2cm of space amount and give extra space to the circumference area.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.1202-1205
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• 2018

In this paper, we proposed ggNMOS based on 4H-SiC material and analyzed its electrical characteristics. 4H-SiC is a wide band-gap meterial, which is superior in area contrast and high voltage characteristics to Si material, and is attracting attention in the power semiconductor field. The proposed device has high robustness and strong snapback characteristics. The process consisted of SiC process and electrical characteristics were analyzed by TLP measurement equipment.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.159-164
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• 2021

Purpose: We investigated the properties of CLEANBOLUS based on silicone with suitable characteristics for clinical use. Methods: We evaluated the characteristics of CLEANBOLUS and compared the results with the commercial product (Super-Flex bolus). Also, we conducted physical evaluations, including shore hardness, element composition, and elongation break. Transparency was investigated through the measured absorbance within the visible region (400-700 nm). Also, dosimetric characteristics were investigated with surface dose and beam quality. Finally, the volume of unwanted air gap was investigated based on computed tomography images for breast, chin, and nose using Super-Flex bolus and CELANBOLUS. Results: CLEANBOLUS showed excellent physical properties for a low shore hardness (000-35) and elongation break (>1,000%). Additionally, it was shown that CLEANBOLUS is more transparent than Super-Flex bolus. Dosimetric results obtained through measurement and calculation have an electron density similar to water in CLEANBOLUS. Finally, CLEANBOLUS showed that the volume of unwanted air gap between the phantom and each bolus is smaller than Super-Flex bolus for breast, chin, and nose. Conclusions: The physical properties of CLEANBOLUS, including excellent adhesive strength and lower shore hardness, reduce unwanted air gaps and ensure accurate dose distribution. Therefore, it would be an alternative to other boluses, thus improving clinical use efficiency.