• 미생물학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 1967

Kim, Jong Hyup., (Div. of Biology, Atomic Energy Research Institute,Korea.;) Studies on the Cellulor Metabolism in Microorganisms as influenced by Gamma-irradiation(III): On the Changes of Free Amino acid Pool and content of Protein in Yeast clls irradiated by .gamma.-ray. 1. The strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae had been cultured synchronously in aerobic condition and irradiatel by gamma-ray from the source of cobalt-60. Drying in vacuum oven at $90^{\circ}C$ C over 12 hours, then changes of protein content (Kjeldahl) and free amino acid pool have been assayed with use of spectrophotometer. Results obtained were compared with those of unirradiated normal cells. 2. It is proved that amount of protein content in the irradiated cells increases to seven percent more than those of normal cells in the same weight of dried samples. It seems like carbohydrate breakown had been stimulated by irradiation and that relative contents of protein shows higher values than those of normal in the same weight of samples. 3. The amount of free amino acid pool in the irradiated cells shows less value about ten percent than those of normal cells, and rate of decreasing is also weak than those of standard reagent solution of amino acid. We may assume that free amino acid pool would be protected against radiation damage in living cells and more stable than in vitro. 4. The component of free amino acid pool have been assayed on second dimensional paper chromatogram, and the identified amino acids are as follows; aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, cystine, lysine, glycine, threonine, histidine, arginine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, valine and leucine. 5. Distributional presence of free amino acids are identical to that of normal cells except arginine, it is cosumable that radiation effect is univerlsal to all amino acid. However it is obvious that there are differences in radiolabilities of amino acids in irradiated cells.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.17-20
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• 2001

The alkaline comet assay, employing a single-cell gel electrophoresis(SCGE), is a rapid, simple and sensitive technique for visualizing and measuring DNA damage leading to strand breakage in individual mammalian cells. The protecting effect of pretreatment with vitamin C and cysteine on the DNA damage of gamma ray was investigated in mice splenic lymphocytes. Vitamin C and cysteine were administered orally for five consecutive days before irradiation. Four week old ICR male mice were irradiated wish 3.5Gy of γ-radiation and were sacrificed 3 days later. Spleens were taken for DNA damage examination by Comet assay and the tail moments of DNA single -strand breaks in tole splenic lymphocytes were evaluated. The results show that pretreatment with vitamin C and cysteine were effective in protecting against DNA damage by gamma ray. Administration of antioxidants like vitamin C and cysteine to mice before irradiation was effective in reducing the tail moment of splenic lymphocytes DNA.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2008

Poly (VDF-co-HFP)/PEGDMA nanofibrous membranes (NFMs) have been prepared by an electrospinning process. Since electrospun NFMs have a nanoporous structure, they have a potential application for a polymer electrolyte or a separator. Poly (VDF-co-HFP) is a polymer electrolyte binder. In order to improve their mechanical properties, poly (VDF-co-HFP)/PEGDMA NFMs were crosslinked by a gamma-ray irradiation. Then the crosslinked NFMs were characterized through an electrolyte uptake, IR structural analysis, and SEM morphological investigation.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.736-740
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• 2007

Acanthopanax sessiliflorus SEEM extracts(AS) have been used to treat patient with diseases including cancer in Oriental countries. Recently, AS was known to have anti-cancer and immuno-stimulating activites. For these reasons, we investigated the effects of AS following gamma-ray irradiation on cytotoxicity for solid tumor cell line (S-180) and immune-potentiating ability such as proliferation of thymocytes and splenocytes. Finally we also investigated tumor weight and survival rate in tumor bearing mice. In our results, Treatment with AS suppressed proliferation of solid tumor cells (S-180) effectively. Treatment with AS accelerated thymocyte and splenocyte proliferation in tumor bearing mice. In addition, Treatment with AS reduced tumor weight and prolonged life of tumor bearing mice. In conclusion, we demonstrate that AS following gamma-ray irradiation is useful to treat patients with cancer, and also demonstrate that AS have both direct cytotoxic ability for cancer cells and indirect immune-stimulating action for thymocytes and splenocytes.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2018

Polyvinyl alcohol/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (PVA/NaCMC) hydrogels were prepared by physical crosslinking (cyclic freezing/thawing) and gamma (${\gamma}$)-ray irradiation to evaluate the effect of NaCMC concentration (2~8 wt%) on the mechanical properties and the biocompatibility of the PVA/NaCMC hydrogels. The swelling rate of PVA/NaCMC hydrogels regardless of irradiation rose with increasing NaCMC content from 2 wt% to 8 wt%, while the gelation rate was the reverse. As the NaCMC content increased from 2 wt% to 6 wt%, the compressive strength of the hydrogels increased dramatically from $8.5{\pm}2.0kPa$ to $52.7{\pm}2.5kPa$ before irradiation and from $13.5{\pm}2.9kPa$ to $65.5{\pm}8.7kPa$ after irradiation. When 8 wt% NaCMC was added afterwards, the compressive strength decreased however. The irradiated PVA/NaCMC hydrogels containing 6 wt% NaCMC exhibited the tailored properties of the swelling rate of $118{\pm}3.7%$, the gelation rate of $71.4{\pm}1.3%$, the strength of $65.5{\pm}8.7kPa$, respectively, and no cytotoxicity was observed.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.305-310
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• 2001

본 실험은 지치 (Lithospermum erythrorhizon)의 뿌리조직으로부터 유도한 캘러스에 ${\gamma}$선을 조사하여 배양기간과 배지조성 및 명.암배양의 조건에 따라 ${\gamma}$선 조사가 캘러스 생장촉진 효과가 있는지를 검토하고자 수행하였다. 지치의 캘러스 생장은 전체적으로 암배양에서보다 명배양에서 효과적이었다. r선 조사에 의한 효과에 있어서는 LLB2N2배지의 8 Gy에서 캘러스의 생장에 효과가 가장 좋았고, LLK2I0.2배지에서는 16 Gy에서 캘러스 생장효과가 좋았지만 암배양에서의 ${\gamma}$선처리 효과는 없었다. 명배양에서 LS배지에 BA 1 mg/L와 NAA 1 mg/L를 첨가할 경우, BA 2mg/L와 NAA 2 mg/L를 첨가할 때보다 캘러스의 생장효과가 있었으나, 암배양에서는 차이가 없었다. 특정선량에 대한 BA와 NAA의 농도에 있어서는 각각 2 mg/L가 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. MK2I0.2배지는 0.5 Gy와 1 Gy에서 캘러스의 생장에 효과적이었으나, 기본배지의 종류에 있어서는 MS배지보다 LS배지에서 더 효과적이었다. M-9배지에서는 명배양에서도 캘러스의 생장은 저조하였으나, 16 Gy 및 30 Gy에서 캘러스의 생장이 30%이상 증가하였다. 암배양에서는 ${\gamma}$선 조사에 의한 캘러스의 생장효과는 거의 없었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.124-132
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• 2010

육가공 산업에서 원료로 이용되고 있는 향신료의 위생화를 위하여 대표적인 살균 기술인 감마선과 전자선의 조사효과를 비교하였다. 미생물 오염도를 측정한 결과 대부분의 시료에서 1.5 to 3.8 Log CFU/g의 일반호기성 미생물이 나타났으나, 강황 및 로즈마리에서는 미생물이 검출되지 않았다. 검출된 시료에서는 조사에 의해 효과적인 것으로 미생물이 감소하였으며, 감마선이 전자선보다 효과적으로 미생물을 사멸하였다. 검출된 미생물을 동정한 결과 Bacillus spp. 및 Staphylococcus spp.으로 확인하였다. B. cereus 및 S. aureus에 대한 방사선 감수성 측정 결과 0.19-0.63 kGy로 확인되었으며, 전자선 보다 감마선에 대한 내성이 약한 것으로 확인되었다. Ames test를 이용하여 방사선 조사에 의한 향신료의 유전독성학적 안전성을 평가한 결과, 조사에 의한 돌연변이원성은 관찰되지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 향신료의 위생화를 위한 살균방법으로 방사선 조사기술이 효과적으로 판단되며, 감마선(>4 kGy, <6 kGy)이 전자선보다 효과적으로 미생물을 제어하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2014

Application of X-ray irradiation of dried condiments was studied using commercially prepared dried garlic, onion and welsh onion flakes as model samples. Total load of aerobic microbes (TAM), color differences, and generation of off-flavor were quantified for samples individually irradiated with gamma rays, electrons, or X-rays. TAM load was decreased by irradiation in a dose-dependent manner. The three types of radiation did not differ in the extent of TAM reduction (P>0.05). The samples did not differ in color. Off-flavor was detected from 6 kGy-irradiated samples, regardless of radiation sources. The results indicated that X-ray irradiation could be used for irradiation of dried condiments with the same effects as gamma rays and an electron beam.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.346-351
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• 1998

방사선 hormesis 효과를 알아보기 위하여 저선량의 방사선을 조사한 후 파종자의 발아양상을 비교하였다. 흥농종묘(주)에서 분양받은 1997년산 '온천'파종자는 대조구에 비해 저선량의 방사선이 조사구에서 약 10%정도 증가된 발아율 양상을 보였으며, 기내배양에서도 마찬가지로 8 Gy 조사구에서 약 10%정도 증가되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 중앙종묘(주)로부터 분양받은 1992년산 '석창외대'파종자의 경우 대조구에서는 약 42.7%의 발아율을 보인 반면 4Gy가 조사된 처리구에서는 약 78.0%까지 발아율이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 전반적으로 최적의 비옥토양에서 보다는 비경작지에서 방사선 유익효과가 증가되는 양상을 보였다. 흡습지에서의 발아율 양상은 대조구의 발아율이 22%로 매우 저조한 반면, 1 Gy 조사구에서는 38%까지 발아율이 증가되어 약 16%정도 증가율을 보였다. Paper towel을 이용한 발아율 실험에서 역시 1Gy 조사구에서 발아율이 증가되는 경향을 보였는데 역시 대조구에 비해 1 Gy 조사구에서 약 10% 정도 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 발아율이 증가되었던 저선량 방사선 조사구의 전기전도도를 조사해 본 결과 대조구에 비해 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 결론적으로 1Gy에서 10Gy정도의 저선량 방사선 수준에서 파종자의 발아율 증가효과가 나타나는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.169-173
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• 2010

This study evaluated the effects of gamma ray irradiation on the safety of dried seafood products. Dried salted squid, Engraulis japonica, Hizikia fusiformis, Mytilus coruscus, and Porphyra tenera were gamma-irradiated at doses of 0, 1, 3, and 5 kGy. The total bacterial populations were then enumerated on total plate count agar, and bacteria isolated from the samples were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. In addition, the isolated strains were inoculated in the products to determine $D_{10}$ values. The total bacterial populations in the dried seafood products ranged from 3.40 to 6.59 log CFU/g, and those of yeasts and molds ranged from 2.21 to 4.56 log CFU/g. The sequence analysis identified Staphylococcus sp. as the most common species in the dried seafood products, except for dried P. tenera. The $D_{10}$ values of the contaminating bacteria were lower than 0.7 kGy, except for Deinococcus sp., which had a value of 1.39 kGy. This study demonstrated that gamma irradiation could be used to improve the safety of dried seafood products.