• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2017

본 시험은 가축혈액과 맥섬석을 7:3 중량비율로 잘 혼합하여 $200^{\circ}C$에서 초고온 순간 분무방식으로 건조된 혈분을 육계사료에 첨가 급여하여 생산성과 육질에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 육계(브로일러)병아리 600수(4처리 ${\times}$ 50수씩 ${\times}$ 3반복) 구분 배치(대조구; 건조혈분 무첨가; T1구, 건조혈분 0.5% 첨가; T2구, 건조혈분 1.0% 첨가; T3구, 건조혈분 3.0% 첨가)한 후 35일간 사양시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 사료섭취량과 사료요구율은 대조구가 높은 경향이었고, 도체중은 T2구(1,749 g), T3구(1,739 g), T1구(1,621 g)가 대조구(1,448.5 g)보다 유의적으로 높았고(p<0.001), 도체율은 T3구(83.26%)가 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.001). 계육의 육질분석에서 조지방은 T2구(1.14%)가 높았고(p<0.001), 보수력은 T1구(62.27%)와 T2구(63.80%)가 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.001). 또한 육색에서 L값(명도)은 처리구(53.98~55.48)가 대조구(45.81)보다 크게 높았다(p<0.01). 또한 가슴과 다리육의 콜레스테롤 함량은 39.28~50.44 mg/100 g 범위에 있었고, 대부분 처리구가 39.28~47.34 mg/100 g 범위로서 대조구(50.44 mg/100g)보다 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다(p<0.001) 계육의 지방산 조성은 oleic acid가 가장 많았고, 그 다음으로 palmitic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid 순으로 낮아졌다. 또한 불포화지방산(UFA) 및 단가불포화지방산(MUFA) 및 UFA/SFA 비율은 T1구가 각각 69.35%, 52.00% 및 2.26%로 다른 처리구보다 크게 높았다(p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). 아미노산 함량에서는 cystine, methionine 함량이 처리구(0.43~0.57%)가 대조구(0.38~0.46%)보다 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면, 가축혈액과 맥섬석을 7:3 비율로 혼합하여 제조한 혈분을 육계사료에 0.5~1.0% 정도 첨가급여하면 증체량, 사료효율 및 계육의 육질이 개선될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.244-252
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• 2004

$CuISe_2$ 단결정 박막은 수평 전기로에서 합성한 $CuInSe_2$ 다결정을 증발원으로하여, hot wall epitaxy(HWE) 방법으로 증발원과 기판(반절연성-GaAs(100))의 온도를 각각 $620^{\circ}C$, $410^{\circ}C$로 고정하여 단결정 박막을 성장하였다. 이때 단결정 박막의 결정성은 광발광 스펙트럼과 이중결정 선 요동곡선(DCRC) 으로 부터 구하였다. Hall 효과는 van der Pauw 방법에 의해 측정되었으며, 293K에서 운반자 농도와 이동도는 각각 $9.62\times10^{16}/\textrm{cm}^3$, 296 $\textrm{cm}^2$/Vㆍs 였다. $CuAlSe_2$/Si(Semi-Insulated) GaAs(100) 단결정 박막의 광흡수와 광전류 spectra를 293k에서 10K까지 측정하였다. 광흡수 스펙트럼으로부터 band gap $E_g$(T)는 Varshni 공식에 따라 계산한 결과 1.1851 eV-($8.99\times10^{-4} eV/K)T^2$/(T+153k)였다. 광전류 스펙트럼으로 부터 Hamilton matrix(Hopfield quasicubic mode)법으로 계산한 결과 crystal field splitting Δcr값이 0.0087eV이며 spin-orbit Δso값은 0.2329 eV임을 확인하였다. 10K일 때 광전류 봉우리들은 n = 1일때 $A_1-, B_1$-와 $C_1$-exciton봉우리임을 알았다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2000

Carcinogen-DNA adduct analysis has potential for biomonitoring the earliest effects of exposure to many chemical carcinogens. They are the covalent reaction products of electrophiles and nucleophilic sites on DNA and the initial damage to DNA induced by many carcinogens. So many researchers begin to use them as biomarker for monitoring the earliest exposure of carcinogens and develop the effective analytical techniques about them. Randerath, Gupta and coworkers(1981, 1982) has also developed a $^{32}P$-postlabelling method as one among them. A major project for biomonitoring workers with carcinogen-DNA adducts is to develop non-invasive samples instead of tissues of target organs such as baldder and lung. This study use the exfoliated urothelial cells in urine for examine benzidine-DNA adducts. The content of exfoliated urothelial cells is not enough to significantly measure DNA content with spectrophotometer, and require the another way. So firstly washing the collected cells with PBS and 70% ethanol and centrifuge them for removing the crystals in urine, which block the isolation of DNA adducts. And then, measure the total nucleotide after $^{32}P$-postlabelling for calculating RAL. $[{\gamma}-^{32}P]ATP$ using for $^{32}P$-postlabelling, can synthesize with $[^{32}P]H_3PO_4$, and reagent and enzyme mixture (RM, EM), which is very economic in case of requiring a lot of them. Chromatography was composed of two steps. First step was to separate adduct ones from unadducted nucleotide, and secondary step was separate each adduct, which were performed with 4 kinds of solvents and different directions on TLC. With this procedure, we measure the DNA adducts in exfoliated urothelial cells of workers who were employed in benzidine and benzidine-dye company. RAL of adducts were $89.0{\times}10^7$ and $57.0{\times}10^7$ in them. In conclusion, we can significantly measure the DNA adduct in exfoliated urothelial cells by using the above $^{32}P$-postlabelling procedures, and use them to be biomonitoring workers who exposed carcinogens.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.474-483
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 마우스를 대상으로 enzymatically modified isoquercitrin(EMIQ)이 고지방식이에 의한 체중증가와 이와 관련된 혈중지표들의 변화에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 지방조직을 중심으로 그 작용기작을 규명하고자 하였다. 10주간 고지방식이와 함께 섭취시킨 1.2% EMIQ는 마우스의 체중(-21%), 내장지방량(-31%) 그리고 혈중지표인 중성지방(-17%), 총콜레스테롤(-19%) 및 유리지방산(-26%)의 농도를 유의적으로 감소시켰다. 내장지방조직과 피하지방조직 모두에서 EMIQ는 PKA의 단백질량을 유의하게 증가시켰다. EMIQ는 또한 내장지방조직에서 지방생성 관련 유전자들의 발현($PPAR{\gamma}2$, $C/EBP{\alpha}$, FAS, aP2)을 유의하게 감소시킨 반면, 지방산 산화 관련 분자(p-HSL)를 유의하게 증가시켰고, 내장지방조직과 피하지방조직 모두에서 열발생 관련 유전자($PGC1-{\alpha}$, PRDM16, Cidea, UCP1)의 발현을 유의하게 증가시켰다. 따라서 EMIQ의 체중감소효능은 지방조직에서 PKA가 매개하는 지방생성, 지방산 산화 및 열 발생 관련 신호전달체계 유전자들의 발현변화와 관련이 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.5585-5593
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• 2014

본 연구는 기대 교통사고건수 추정을 위해 사용되는 SPF의 이질적 분산계수의 유의성이 이질적 사전분포에 직접적인 영향을 받는다는 가설을 검증하고, 이질적 사전분포에 대한 모형 오설정이 교통 안전개선 사업의 평가결과에 주는 영향의 특성을 분석하기 위해 수행되었다. 구체적으로 본 연구에서는 이질적 분산계수의 유의성과 이질적 사전분포의 연관성을 검증하기 위해 모의실험을 통해 이질적 사전분포를 발생시킨 후 이를 NB모형과 HNB모형을 이용하여 SPF를 추정하여 이질적 과분산계수가 SPF의 평균함수 및 분산함수에 주는 영향을 분석하였다. 또한 추정된 계수추정치를 이용한 사전분포의 초모수 추정치의 오차특성과 이질적 과분산계수를 고려하지 않았을 경우 발생하는 교통사고감소계수(CRF)의 오차 부호와 크기를 상세 분석하여 제시하였다. 모의실험 자료 분석결과 이질적 분산계수의 오추정은 포아송 사전분포의 평균에는 큰 영향을 주지 않으나 분산의 크기를 변화시켜 궁극적으로는 기대교통사고건수의 추정량인 사후평균의 값에 오차를 발생시킬 수 있으며, 구체적으로 이질적 분산함수를 NB모형으로 오설정할 경우 CRF의 값은 참값에 비해 최대 120%의 오차를 발생시키는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.132-138
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• 2003

수평 전기로에서 $CdIn_2Te_4$ 다결정을 용응법으로 합성하고 Bridgman법으로 tetragonal structure의 $CdIn_2Te_4$ 단견정을 성장시켰다. c축에 수직한 시료의 광흡수와 광전류 spectra를 293k에서 10K까지 측정하였다. Hall효과는 van der Pauw 방법에 의해 측정되었으며, 온도에 의존하는 운반자 농도와 이동도는 293 K에서 각각 $8.61\times 10^{16}\textrm{cm}^3,\;242\textrm{cm}^$V .s였다. $CdIn_2Te_4$ 단결정의 광흡수와 광전류 spectra를 293k에서 10K까지 측정하였다. 광흡수 스펙트럼으로부터 band gap $E_g$(T)는 Varshni 공식에 따라 계산한 결과 $1.4750ev - (7.69\times10^{-3})\; ev/k)\;T^2$/(T + 2147k)이었다. 광전류 스펙트럼으로부터 Hamilton matrix(Hopfield quasicubic mode)법으로 계산한 결과 crystal field splitting Δcr값이 0.2704 eV이며 spin-orbit $\Delta$so값은 0.1465 eV임을 확인하였다. 10K일 때 광전류 봉우리들은 n : 1일때 $A_\;{1-} B_\;{1-}$와 $C_\;{1-}$-exciton봉우리임을 알았다

• 생약학회지
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• 제34권4호통권135호
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• pp.327-334
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• 2003

We evaluated the anti-arthritic effect of a new diet-supplement product containing red ginseng, glucosamine, shark cartilage, ascorbic acid and manganese chloride for the relieving arthritic symptoms. Anti-inflammatory activities of the aqueous extract of red ginseng (250 and 500 mg/kg), glucosamine (240 mg/kg) and shark cartilage (240 mg/kg) were tested individually on vascular permeability and carrageenan-induced paw edema. Glucosamine and shark cartilage showed the inhibition of vascular permeability by 29.6 and 32.9%, respectively. Red ginseng (500 mg/kg) and shark cartilage showed the inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 hr. The supplement (red ginseng mixture: RGM) composed of red ginseng (43.5%), glucosamine (25.0%), shark cartilage (25.0%), ascorbic acid (5.0%) and manganese chloride (1.5%) was prepared and its inhibitory activities including vascular permeability and carrageenan-induced paw edema were comparable to anti-inflammatory drugs such as diclofenac and ibuprofen. It was also tested on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats as one of chronic arthritic tests and Randall-Selitto assay as an analgesic test. RGM showed the inhibition against the swelling of rat paws induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis at a dose of 1,500 mg/kg. Determination of cytokines of the sera sampled from arthritis-induced animals indicated that RGM increased the levels of $interferon-{\gamma}$ and interleukin-6, representing the immunostimulatory effect by red ginseng. RGM treatment moderately reduced the production of NO in RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these results support that RGM can be applicable for the improvement of arthritic as a new diet-supplement.

• 센서학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.157-167
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• 2004

A stoichiometric mixture of evaporating materials for $CuAlSe_{2}$ single crystal thin films was prepared from horizontal electric furnace. To obtain the single crystal thin films, $CuAlSe_{2}$ mixed crystal was deposited on thoroughly etched semi-insulating GaAs(100) substrate by the hot wall epitaxy (HWE) system. The source and substrate temperatures were $680^{\circ}C$ and $410^{\circ}C$, respectively. The crystalline structure of the single crystal thin films was investigated by the photoluminescence and double crystal X-ray diffraction (DCXD). The carrier density and mobility of $CuAlSe_{2}$ single crystal thin films measured with Hall effect by van der Pauw method are $9.24{\times}10^{16}cm^{-3}$ and $295cm^{2}/V{\codt}s$ at 293 K, respectively. The temperature dependence of the energy band gap of the $CuAlSe_{2}$ obtained from the absorption spectra was well described by the Varshni's relation, $E_{g}(T)$ = 2.8382 eV - ($8.68{\circ}10^{-4}$ eV/K)$T^{2}$/(T + 155 K). The crystal field and the spin-orbit splitting energies for the valence band of the $CuAlSe_{2}$ have been estimated to be 0.2026 eV and 0.2165 eV at 10 K, respectively, by means of the photocurrent spectra and the Hopfield quasicubic model. These results indicate that the splitting of the ${\Delta}so$ definitely exists in the ${\Gamma}_{5}$ states of the valence band of the $CuAlSe_{2}$. The three photocurrent peaks observed at 10 K are ascribed to the $A_{1-}$, $B_{1-}$, and $C_{1-}$ exciton peaks for n = 1.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.357-364
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• 2006

This study was undertaken to develop a reliable mice model demonstrating similar immunologic phenomena as human atopic dermatitis characterized with predominance of type-2 immune response. BALB/C mice and NC/Nga mice were sensitized twice with $100{\mu}l$ of 1% 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) or vehicle (acetone : olive oil=4:1 mixture) in a week and challenged twice with $100{\mu}l$ of 0.2% DNCB or the vehicle at the following week. Mice were sacrificed at 19 days following the second DNCB or vehicle challenge for NC/Nga mice and at 28 days following the second DNCB or vehicle challenge for BALB/c mice. Upregulation of plasma 1gE, a hallmark of atopic dermatitis occurrence, was evident in the plasma obtained 4 day after the second DNCB challenge from BALB/c mice (approximately 4-fold) and NC/Nga mice (approximately 6-fold) treated with DNCB in comparison with that of the vehicle treated-control mice, and remain higher $3{\sim}4$ week after the second challenge. Ratio of plasma IgG1 versus IgG2a concentration was significantly higher in the mice treated with DNCB than the control mice, which also implies the skewed type-2 reactivity in vivo. Ratio of interleukin-4 versus interferon gamma produced in the splenic T cell culture supernatants was approximately 3-fold higher in the both strains of mice treated with DNCB than their control mice, respectively. The DNCB-treated mice demonstrated atopic dermatitis-like skin legions characterized with erythma, scaling, and hemorrhage, which was not observed with the control mice. Scratching on face or dorsal area was significantly more frequent (approximately 25-fold) in the DNCB-treated mice than the control at next day of the second DNCB challenge, and scratching frequency remains higher (approximately 4-fold) in the mice treated with DNCB than the control at 14 day following the second DNCB challenge. Overall, the mice model developed through sensitization and challenge with DNCB may be useful for research on atopic dermatitis and development of treatment materials for atopic dermatitis.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.714-721
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• 2013

A stoichiometric mixture of evaporating materials for $ZnAl_2Se_4$ single-crystal thin films was prepared in a horizontal electric furnace. These $ZnAl_2Se_4$ polycrystals had a defect chalcopyrite structure, and its lattice constants were $a_0=5.5563{\AA}$ and $c_0=10.8897{\AA}$.To obtain a single-crystal thin film, mixed $ZnAl_2Se_4$ crystal was deposited on the thoroughly etched semi-insulating GaAs(100) substrate by a hot wall epitaxy (HWE) system. The source and the substrate temperatures were $620^{\circ}C$ and $400^{\circ}C$, respectively. The crystalline structure of the single-crystal thin film was investigated by using a double crystal X-ray rocking curve and X-ray diffraction ${\omega}-2{\theta}$ scans. The carrier density and mobility of the $ZnAl_2Se_4$ single-crystal thin film were $8.23{\times}10^{16}cm^{-3}$ and $287m^2/vs$ at 293 K, respectively. To identify the band gap energy, the optical absorption spectra of the $ZnAl_2Se_4$ single-crystal thin film was investigated in the temperature region of 10-293 K. The temperature dependence of the direct optical energy gap is well presented by Varshni's relation: $E_g(T)=E_g(0)-({\alpha}T^2/T+{\beta})$. The constants of Varshni's equation had the values of $E_g(0)=3.5269eV$, ${\alpha}=2.03{\times}10^{-3}eV/K$ and ${\beta}=501.9K$ for the $ZnAl_2Se_4$ single-crystal thin film. The crystal field and the spin-orbit splitting energies for the valence band of the $ZnAl_2Se_4$ were estimated to be 109.5 meV and 124.6 meV, respectively, by means of the photocurrent spectra and the Hopfield quasicubic model. These results indicate that splitting of the ${\Delta}so$ definitely exists in the ${\Gamma}_5$ states of the valence band of the $ZnAl_2Se_4/GaAs$ epilayer. The three photocurrent peaks observed at 10 K are ascribed to the $A_1$-, $B_1$-exciton for n = 1 and $C_{21}$-exciton peaks for n = 21.