• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.365-372
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• 2018

This study aimed to investigate the perception on dental hygienists and convergence factors to affect social requirements on their roles so as to utilize them as the fundamental data to assist the common people to understand the occupation and roles of dental hygienists and expand their positive perception further. Upon the multiple regression analysis from 235 final analysis subjects who underwent survey from August 1st to 25th 2017 among 270 adults in Busan and Gyeongnam areas, the awareness level on the dental hygienists was higher as the education level was lower and quality of life was more positive. Requirements were increased more as the education level was lower, quality of life related to oral health was more positive, quality of life was more positive, and awareness level on the roles and knowledge of dental hygienists was increased more. Further programs and promotional plans should be continuously activated to establish the career roles and expand the awareness in every field including dental clinic practices, dental hygiene training, related groups, and so on.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.10-21
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to identify determinants of registered nurse (RN) skill mix and staffing level focused on hospital characteristics. Methods: Data were obtained from health insurance claims data and hospital reporting system in the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) for the year 2010. Data from 2,998 hospitals were analysed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis. Results: The RN skill mix and staffing level were positively related to hospital size and the percentage of inpatients to total patients. RN skill mix and staffing level were statistically different across regions. Including nursing aides (NA), however, there was no difference in staffing levels across regions. Medically vulnerable regions, bed operation rate, and the number of patients per doctor were also related to RN skill mix and staffing level. Conclusion: The statically significant determinants of RN skill mix and staffing level included hospital size, region, bed operation rate, percentage of inpatients, doctor-patient ratio. Further study needs to be done to investigate factors including RN supply and wages.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.55-66
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• 2003

This study was conducted to evaluate the differences of perceived stress level and stress coping behavior for 360 elementary school children in rural area and 360 in urban area. The questionnaire survey was done from December 10 to December 20, 2001. The results were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference of perceived stress level between rural and urban areas, but there were significant difference of stress coping behavior between them. 2. Significant difference of perceived stress level and stress coping behavior among groups of grade was found. 3. There was significant difference of perceived stress level and stress coping behavior between male and female. 4. There was significant difference of stress coping behavior according to perceived stress levels In conclusion, perceived stress level and stress coping behavior in elementary school children were different according to their grade and sex. It is important to teach them proper stress coping method, depending on their grade and sex. But, we have to focus on the development and application of stress self-control program, which enables children to cope with stress for themselves. Based on: 1. Before starting the study, the subjects should be examined about whether they have ever been on stress education program before or not. 2. The educational environments and the development and implementation of teaching program for the proper stress coping method are needed. 3. This study was performed through the questionnaire for perceived stress level and stress coping behavior, but various methods like observation, person-to-person interview should be used for the further in-depth study.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.301-307
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• 2005

Purpose: To investigate changes in mother's stress, degree of depression and level of milk secretion hormones when the mothers provided massage to their new born babies. Method: The study was conducted with 65 women who had delivered at a convalescence institute in Incheon between Sep 25, 2003 and Feb 10, 2004. The mothers were assigned to a control group or an experimental group. Infants of mothers in the experimental group received massage from their mothers twice a day for 10 days beginning on the 4th day after delivery. The data were processed using $x^2-test$, paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA using the SAS program. Results: The level of cortisol, a stress hormone and depression were significantly different between the two groups (p=0.01 ;p=0.02). While fur plasma prolactin level, a milk secretion hormone, there was no significant difference(p=0.14). Conclusions: When massage was provided to new-born babies the cortisol level of the mothers decreased significantly compared to the control group which did not receive the massage. As the level of depression of the control group declined as time passed while the experiment group showed no difference and there was no difference in the plasma prolactin level, further study is suggested.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.163-171
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• 2015

This study aimed to establish a field observation system for monitoring tempo-spatially precise changes of groundwater level and to analyze the impact of rainfall and irrigation practices on groundwater changes in paddy regions. The monitoring system comprising of all nine groundwater observation wells and four ponding depth sensors was installed in a part of paddy regions benefited from Gosam reservoir, Ansung-si. The result of grundwater level change during the irrigation period in 2002 was averagely 0.51 m higher than that during the non-irrigation period. In particular between March before puddling and June after transplanting, there was maximum 1.23 m rise in groundwater level. On the other hand, concerning the change in ponding depth, groundwater level changed similarly, and hourly rainfall was revealed to have better correlation with 24-hour delayed hourly groundwater level than with the corresponding groundwater level. Eventually, this study could be referenced for further studies to set up a more comprehensive and sustainable monitoring system of groundwater conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.77-82
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• 2006

Integrity plays a fundamental role in the feasibility of 'liability critical' applications. Road charging, e.g. road tolling in urban zones or on highways, represents a series of liability critical applications where a guarantee in integrity could be a true enabler: being the mechanism that prevents the incorrect charging of users and enabling the advancement of these applications using GNSS such as Galileo and EGNOS that provide integrity mechanisms. However, the integrity of the end user position is not guaranteed by the EGNOS and Galileo integrity services alone as provided. Algorithms have been developed to supply a guarantee on the performance attainable at the user level through the provision of a horizontal protection level that responds to local user conditions such as multipath or interference. In addition, an application has been developed that implements road charging mechanisms based on the availability of user-level integrity. Results obtained show that the user-level integrity algorithms provided the required level of integrity guarantee and granularity of the horizontal protection levels necessary for executing urban and rural (highway) road charging. In addition, the road charging application developed shows that the current application domain requirements can be met through the provision of guaranteed integrity and that further reductions in the horizontal protection levels along with increased signal availability will enable future road charging modalities.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.153-174
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• 2021

Dental implants are popular for dental rehabilitation after tooth loss. The goal of this systematic review was to assess bone changes around bone-level and tissue-level implants and the possible causes. Electronic searches of PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, and a hand search limited to English language clinical trials were performed according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines up to September 2020. Studies that stated the type of implants used, and that reported bone-level changes after insertion met the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias was also evaluated. A total of 38 studies were included. Eighteen studies only used bone-level implants, 10 utilized tissue-level designs and 10 observed bone-level changes in both types of implants. Based on bias assessments, evaluating the risk of bias was not applicable in most studies. There are vast differences in methodologies, follow-ups, and multifactorial characteristics of bone loss around implants, which makes direct comparison impossible. Therefore, further well-structured studies are needed.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.10
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• pp.3878-3887
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• 2022

For the future energy-mix policy for carbon neutrality, demand for the capability of load-follow operation has emerged in nuclear power plants in order to accommodate the intermittency of renewable energy. The short-term decay heat analysis is also required to evaluate the decay heat level varied by the power level change during the load-follow operation, which is a very important parameter in terms of short-term decay heat removal during a grace time. In this study, the short-term decay heat level for 10 days after the shutdown was evaluated for both seasonal and daily load-follow cases. Additionally, the nuclide-wise contribution to the accumulated decay heat for 10 days was analyzed for further understanding of the short-term decay heat behavior. The result showed that in the seasonal case, the decay heat level was mainly determined by the power level right before the shutdown and the amount of each nuclide was varied with the power variation due to the long variation interval of 90 days. Whereas, in the daily case, the decay heat level was strongly impacted by the average power level during operation and meaningful mass variations for those nuclides were not observed due to the short variation interval of 0.5 days.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 1998

In [6] Y. B. Jun et al. fuzzified the concept of BCK-filters in BCK-algebrs and investigated its properties. In this paper we investigate further properties of fuzzy BCK-filters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.590-592
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• 2000

Operator-level optimization of a systolic array for Montgomery Modular Multiplication(MMM) algorithm is presented in thin paper. The proposed systolic array is faster than that of C.D. Walter by 40%. Compared with J.B. Shin et al.'s, it is 25% faster.