• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.101-112
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• 2015

Renewable energy resources play an important part in the world's future. Renewable energy sources have the following components: biomass, geothermal, solar thermal, directs solar, wind, tidal and hydropower. Hydropower is still the most efficient way to generate electricity worldwide. Hydropower projects can contribute as a cheap energy source, as well to encourage the development of small industries across a wide range of new technology; furthermore hydropower systems use the energy in flowing and falling water to produce electricity or mechanical energy. Hydropower systems are classified as large, medium, small, mini and micro according to their installed power generation capacity, as do the following components: water turbines, control mechanisms and electrical transmissions. In this article a review of small hydropower systems has been done on the principles surrounding the fundamentals of hydraulic engineering, the fundamentals of hydrology, identification of sites and economic analysis.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.32-42
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• 2002

This study were conducted to reveal the awareness and competitiveness of Korean packaging industry in information technology(IT) and e-commerce. For the survey, 114 sample companies were selected representing all packaging materials, equipment and systems, institutes, consulting and trading companies. The trained interviewers spoke to the respondents who were at the position of packaging research and development and were considered knowledgeable about the level of IT in the company. The collected data were analyze in three major categories: IT fundamentals, usages, and company policy. From the results, packaging suppliers were at the very low level of IT fundamentals and uses compared to those of packaging users. The gap between packaging suppliers and users that access the Internet was seriously wide, and this trend was generally due to different size of company. Packaging suppliers were still at the basic level of information-oriented working environment.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.95-104
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• 2001

This study was done to develop an euthanasia attitude scale. Subjects who participated in the study were a convenience sample of 234 Korean nurses. Data were collected through a survey over a period of three months. The analysis of the data was done using SPSS PC for descriptive statistics, factor analysis and Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha. Initially 63 items were generated from interview data from eighteen nurses and from a literature review. This preliminary scale was analyzed for a reliability and validity. The results are as follow: 1, Crombach's Coefficient alpha for the 19 items was .8804. 2. Factor analysis was done in order to confirm construct validity and four factor were extracted from the results. These contributed 56.6% of the variance in the total score. 3. Each factor was labled 'qualify of life', 'respect of life, 'client's right', 'medical ethics'. The author suggests that this scale could be used in assessing the attitude of Korean nurses toward euthanasia.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.501-512
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• 2002

Purpose: This study was done to identify factors that influence sexual permissiveness. A comprehensive analysis of individual, family, and social factors related to sexual permissiveness in adolescents was done. Method: A descriptive research design was used to explore causal relationships in sexual permissiveness between high school students. Result: The findings of this study are as follows. 1) For individual factors, self-respect. seeking social deviation and seeking internal experience were confirmed as factors influencing sexual permissiveness. 2) For the family factors, the mother-adolescent communication aspect was confirmed as a factor. 3) For the social environment factors. adaptability to school life was confirmed as a factor. Conclusion: On a theoretical basis, this study identifies factors influencing sexual permissiveness in adolescents, and thus contributes to the definition of a desirable sexual culture for young people. Therefore, it is suggested that programs be developed that control the corroborated factors and that further studies be conducted to validate the factors.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.513-523
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• 2002

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the effect of foot massage on sleep, vital signs and fatigue in the elderly who live in their Home. Method: Data were collected from 20 elderly who live in the Seoul-Kyunggi province area by convenience sampling and analyzed the change of sleep and sleep satisfaction, vital signs(pulse, respiration, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) and general fatigue between pre and post foot massage using Paired t- test at 0.05 of significance level. Result: There were very significant difference in the sleep and fatigue between pre and post foot massage. Conclusion: Foot massage can improve the sleep and decrease fatigue, therefore we recommend to use foot massage as a effective sleep related nursing intervention in the elderly who live in their home.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.382-388
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was investigate the relationship between IADL, self-esteem and empowerment of elderly home residents. Method: The data were collected from Aug. 1 st to September 30, 2004. The participants were 274 elderly people who lived at home. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analysed using the SPSS program. Result: Mean scores for IADL, self-esteem and empowerment were 3.74, 3.22, 3.36 respectively. IADL and self-esteem showed a significantly positive correlation to empowerment. Conclusion: This results indicate that the elderly people need more self-esteem and empowerment. Therefor it is important to develop effective strategies to enhance empowerment in elderly people.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.292-298
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• 2004

Purpose: this study was to describe patient learning needs and the relationship between health promoting behavior and health concept with women with disabilities. Methods: A descriptive survey design was used and the SPSS 11.0 program was used for data analysis, which included t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients. The women (n=50) were in-patients in a rehabilitation center. Results: The study results indicate that they had high levels of patient learning needs and the most important information for patient learning needs was support and care. Patient learning need was correlated with health promoting behavior. Conclusions: The findings of this study give useful information to construct further studies in educational programs and rehabilitation nursing care and to support a healthcare system for women with disabilities.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.35-50
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identify the perception of hospice nurses on suffering, the type of stracture and characteristics of suffering. The research process is followed : First, the researcher selected 35 statements on suffering using content analysis of in-depth interviews and a literature search Second, the researcher asked 38 hospice nurses to classify the statement cards. The result of the research showed that the hospice nurse's perception of suffering can be divided into 4 types (Self-recognition, Suffering-elimination, Relation-restoration, and Meaning-endowment). The total explained variance was 46 percent. In relation to this, nursing intervention skills could be presence, listening touch, hope, reassurance, and comforting which result in positive effects between nurse and hospice client.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.259-266
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate self-esteem, family function, and social support which might influence stress in college students. Method: Data were collected from October 15 to December 20, 2007 when 411 students completed a questionnaire which included Self-esteem scale, Family APGAR questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and Global Assessment of Recent Stress scale. The collected data was analyzed with the SPSS Win 14.0 statistics program. Results: The scores for stress showed significantly negative correlations with the scores for self-esteem (r= -.394, p<.001), family function (r= -.215, p<.001), and social support (r= -.249, p<.001). Self-esteem, family function and social support by friends were significant predictors and accounted for 18.5% of the variance in stress in undergraduate students. Conclusion: Future stress management programs for undergraduate students should be developed to reinforce self-esteem, family function and social support by friends.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.283-291
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to explore clinical competence and factors related to competence in nursing students. Methods: Data were collected using structured questionnaires from 210 students in three different schools located in D, B and P metropolitan cities, Korea. Data were using PASW (SPSS) 18.0 program, and included t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlations coefficients, and multiple regression analyses. Results: There were positive correlations between clinical competence and ego-resilience (r=.40. p<.001), critical thinking dispositions (r=.58, p<.001), and self-leadership (r=.14, p=.043). Variables such as critical thinking dispositions, ego-resilience, satisfaction with clinical practice education, health status and academic performance explained 48% of variance in clinical competence. Conclusion: According to the above results, a specific education program for clinical competence of student nurses is needed to increase critical thinking dispositions, ego-resilience, satisfaction with clinical practice education, health status and academic performance.