• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2009

설계단계별 적정공사비를 산출하는 것은 건설공사의 효율적인 예산확보 및 집행에 있어서 중요한 이슈의 하나이다. 이러한 것을 고려하여 본 연구에서는 강교량 공사비 산출을 위한 기본자료 구축의 일환으로 기존 설계된 강교량의 수량 및 단가산출서, 내역 산출서 등의 설계내역서를 분석하여 강박스 교량의 기본적인 제원 특성 등을 조사하고자 한다. 또한 강박스교량의 예정가격 공사비 특성과 교량 공사 공종별과의 상관관계를 평가하는 것에 의해 향후 강교량 기획단계의 적정공사비 산정을 위한 기초자료를 제공하여 효율적이고 타당한 적정공사비 산정모델 구축을 위한 기본 자료를 제시하고자 한다. 이상의 연구 결과 전체 공사비에서 각 공종이 차지하는 비율 및 단위 공사비를 산출하였으며, 강교량 공사비의 영향요인을 도출하였다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.85-93
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• 1988

This laboratory study was carried out in order to produce fundamental data for analyzing salt movement and desalinization effects, using samples of silt loam soil collected in Gyehwado and Daeho reclaimed tidelans, and samples of silty clay loam soil collected in Kimie tideland. Desalinization experiments with gypsum treatment were performed to analyze changes of the hydraulicc conductivity with changes of the soil property and the salt concentration during the desalinization of reclaimed tideland soils by leaching through the subsufface drainage, and correlations between factors infl uencing the reclamation of salt affected soils were analyzed by the statistical method. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The reclaimed tideland soils used in this study were saline-sodic soils with the high exchangeable sodium percentage and the high electrical conductivity. 2. Changes of the hydraulic conductivity with the amount of leaching water and the leaching time elapsed were affected by the amount of gypsum except exchangeable sodium and clay contents. The regression equation between the depth of water leached per unit depth of soil (Dw / Ds : X) or the square root of the leaching time elapsed (T $^1$ $^2$ : X) and the relative hydraulic conductivity (HCr:Y) could be expressed in Y=a . bx. 3. The more exchangeable sodium and clay contents regardless of the amount of gypsum, the more the leaching time was required until a given volume of water was leached through the soil profile. The regression analysis showed that the relationship between the depth of water leached per unit depth of soil(Dw /Ds:X) and the square root of the leaching time elapsed(T$^1$$^2$ :Y) could be described by Y=a . Xb. 4. The hydraulic conductivity was influenced to a major degree by the salt concentration provided that the electrical conductivity was below 10 mmhos / cm during the desalinization of reclaimed tideland soils. The regression equation between the relative electrical conductivity ( ECr : X) and the relative hydraulic conductivity (HCr:Y) could be expressed in Y=a + b . X-$^1$. 5. In conclusion, the hydraulic conductivity, leaching requirements and the leaching time elapsed can be estimated when the salt concentration decreases to a certain level during the desalinization of reclaimed tidelands, and the results may be applied to the analysis of salt movement and desalinization effects.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.248-256
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• 2014

According to data from the national office of Statistics Korea and Ministry of Health and Welfare, as the elderly population increases, the dementia elderly population continues to increase and its future population growth rate is expected to be even faster. In particular, the Dementia Management Act has been in effect since February 2012, and active efforts has been made for a policy for the dementia management. The purpose of this study is to establish standards on building plans based on the appropriate scale and spatial configuration on facilities planning for the elderly with dementia. Specifically, the basic data were collected with a request for a total of 103 points on the basis of a database of group homes in the survey managed by the Japan Association of Group Homes. Specific information of the research includes the management body of facilities operation, scale of the facilities, number of units and configuration of personal living space, and the collected survey data and drawings were statistically proceed and analyzed using the SPSS WIN 20.0. analysis results are summarized as follows. first, most of the group homes come to the small size of the 1-2 story home ; the approximate number of units is one or two per home, and each unit consists of nine rooms. second, a number of group homes with the building area of $300m^2$ have the U-shaped arrangement which is advantageous in the extension and facilities maintenance. In conclusion, this study is to be the fundamental data for judgments that can be used to establish standards for the facilities for the dementia elderly whose population continues to increase. In addition, further study is necessary to establish suitable design conditions of our country.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2005

The recent trends of high-density and high-rise in apartment housing have caused the problems of decrease in ventilation rates and increase of indoor pollutant contaminants. SHS(Sick House Syndrome) has now become a major issue and threats the health of residents. To solve these indoor air problems, increase in ventilation rate is considered as one of the most efficient approach. Thus, the recent housing development is pursuing improvement in the site design and the layout of apartment building blocks to promote natural ventilation is now investigated as one of the fundamental solutions. This study was focused on the air flow characteristics of outdoor environment in an apartment complex to keep the pollutants out of the site. Age of air and pressure difference have been used as indices of the outdoor air quality. Four different types of apartment building layouts have been analyzed by CFD simulation. This study again selected a real apartment housing complex as a case study model. By analyzing the pressure differences between the front and rear of an apartment building block, the ventilation performance in each individual unit was evaluated, and its impact on ventilation performance is investigated by analyzing the stagnant air around the apartment building blocks. During this process, existing patterns of apartment housing layout have been evaluated, and the most appropriate site layout has been chosen to analyze the outdoor airflow patterns. Based on the analysis of airflow patterns of site layout, the possibilities of improving ventilation performance of an individual apartment housing is proposed.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.33-54
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• 2018

This study devised an instruction that applies the content factors of Family Life Planning to backward design by exploring the fundamental concepts of backward design and the structure of developing a systematic instruction. Furthermore, it was conducted to improve the developed instruction by examining its validity with the help of experts and to find the method of applying it to the curriculum. The lesson design of this study was as follows. 1) Making a unit outline, 2) Identifying the expected results (Shaping the objectives), 3) Deciding acceptable evidence (Planning evaluation), 4) Making a detailed blueprint for class tasks, 5) Planning learning experience, 6) Making a learning experience plan per time, 7) Checking the lesson design. Second, experts participated in this study for the internal validity test about the process of the systematic lesson development of Family Life Design based on a backward design. The results were shown to be valid because the average was 3.7 out of a perfect score 4 and the CVI of all was over 0.9. The result of the IRA was also score 1, meaning that most of the experts agreed on the results of the test. The details of the lesson design were clear at every stage and the tasks and the results of each stage were specific. This study included most of the necessary stages for a backward design.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2014

It is an important issue to evaluate the effectiveness of chemical warfare through modeling and simulation(M&S) technology. In this paper, we propose the M&S methodology and environment for the chemical warfare for effectiveness analysis. In detail, for modeling perspective, we propose three fundamental component models according to their behaviors, which are a chemical weapon, a detecting device system, and an engaging unit system. Among proposed models, the chemical weapon and the detecting device system models are represented by engineering-level system models, whereas the engaging unit system model are described as an engagement-level system model. For simulation perspective, we apply a hybrid simulation environment using High Level Architecture (HLA) to interoperate with the proposed engineering and engagement-level models. The proposed M&S methodology and environment enables to evaluate the effectiveness of the chemical warfare system considering the doctrines, the performance of device or weapon, and weather factors. To verify the efficiency of the proposed methodology and environment, we experimented three categorized case studies, which are related with those considering factors.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.255-273
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• 2019

소수의 개념적 측면에 대한 학생들의 이해 부족 현상이 목격되는바 본 연구는 학생들이 소수 개념의 본질을 바르게 이해하도록 돕고자, 소수 개념 발전 역사를 조망하고 교과서의 개념 도입 방법을 분석하였다. 고대 그리스에서 소수는 곱셈 원자였다. 당시 단위는 수가 아니었지만, 소수 표기 개발로 단위가 수로 통합되면서 1의 소수성이 문제시 되었다. 소인수분해의 유일성을 근거로 1이 소수에서 배제되었으며, 이후 발전을 거듭하여 prime 개념과 irreducible 개념이 자리 잡게 되었다. 소수 개념 발전의 역사는 소수가 곧 곱셈 원자라는 사실이 개념의 본질임을 명백히 드러낸다. 교과서 분석 결과, 교과서는 소수 개념을 결정론적 시각 혹은 게임으로 도입하여 개념 본질을 드러내지 못하는 문제, 개념 도입 후 분석적 개념 정의로 급진적 전개가 이루어지는 문제 등이 있었다. 분석 결과에 기초하여 소수의 개념적 면에 주목하도록 돕는 것과 관련하여 몇 가지 교수학적 시사점을 제공하였다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2018

This paper explores the structure of space in architecture from a viewpoint that individual unitized spaces are gathered to form the whole. To understand the spatial structure of architecture, firstly we need to understand each unitized spaces, and secondly, one must understand how the following adjacent spaces are connected to form the whole building. this gives salience to a fact that understanding the whole comprehensively. It is the most fundamental bases that must be understood and unitized when understanding the spatial structure of an existing building and designing a new one. It is necessary to hypostatize space as an abstract notion. In regards to this space examines the logical flow of structure within actual space. Hypostasieren process includes the process of shaping space and the shape information. In this process we need to refer to the properties of space and the morphological characteristics of physical elements. The segment of the unitized space is the realization process of the basic space. This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for analysis and design of spatial structure by comparing several representative methods of segmenting unitized space.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.125-136
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• 2020

This study aims to seek a proper policy direction in response to the demand for apartment remodeling. As the research methods, we diagnosed the current status of the remodeling policy and analyzed the demand for apartment remodeling nationwide. According to the result of analysis, we suggested the fundamental direction and tasks for remodeling policies to be pursued at the government level. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, the result of analysis showed that the demand for environmental improvement(performance improvement) remodeling project was much higher than other types of remodeling projects. The percentage of unit increased-type remodeling that can secure business feasibility is about 10% and only 30% when it comes to reducing project costs. The remaining 70-90% need to be promoted in environmental improvement remodeling projects which dependent on the residents' payment. Second, in order to prepare a policy action plan in response to the demand for apartment remodeling, it is necessary to set up clear policy goals and strategies for apartment remodeling in advance at the national level. Along with proactive goals and strategies, graded policy support should be accompanied per type of remodeling and business demand. We also suggest to simplify administrative procedures and support the R&D research to develop technologies. It would help to utilize the unit increased-type remodeling. On the other hand, for utilizing the environmental improvement remodeling which takes up a relatively high proportion, the policy should take care of as follows: offering housing performance information, rationalizing long term repair reserve, fostering small companies and experts. Finally, apartment management system should be advanced from the perspectives of managing old apartments and institutional foundations such as new construction and customized regulations for differentiated remodeling should be accompanied.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.96-108
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose a systematic hull form variation technique which automatically satisfies the displacement constraint and guarantees a high level of fairness. This method is possible through multiple parameter correction curves. The present method is to improve the hull form variation method based on parametric modification function and consists of two sub-categories: SAC variation and section lines modification. For SAC variation, the utilization of two B-Spline curves satisfying GC¹ condition led to the satisfaction of displacement constraint and high level of fairness at the same time. Section lines modification methods involves in using two fuctions: the first is the waterplane modification function combining two cubic splines. the other function is the sectional area modification function consisting of 2nd order polynomial over the DLWL(Design Load Waterline) and 3rd order polynomial below the DLWL, This function enables not only the fundamental U-V section shape variation but also systematically modified section lines. The present method is expected to be more useful in the hull form optimization process using CFD compared to the existing method.