• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 1997

This study was performed to offer the fundamental data for preventing and controlling the cardiovascular diseases of rural community women. The number of 168 women aged 40 to 50s who live in Kumsan-gun, Chungnam were selected for analysis after medical examination by a Kumsan-gun health center during the period of November to December in 1996. Total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), blood pressure(BP), degree of obesity(BMI) and atherosclerosis index(AI) were measured and relation between these physical measurements to serum lipid levels were studied. The results were as follows; 1. Mean TC level, TG level, BP, BMI and AI were significantly increased with advancing age. 2. Mean TC level, TG level, BMI and AI of borderline BP group and hypertension group were significantly increased than those of normal BP group. 3. Mean TC level, TG level and AI of obesity group were significantly increased than those of normal BMI group. 4. Simple correlation analysis showed that the positive correlation between TC, TG, BP, BMI and AI, but the level of HDL-C was negative correlation with TG and AI. 5. In multiple regression analysis taking HDL-C level as the dependent variable and TG, TC, BP, BMI, Age AI as the independent variable, AI, TG, BMI, TC were significantly related to HDL-C.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.447-468
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• 2015

Modal identification of civil engineering structures based on ambient vibration measurement has been widely investigated in the past decades, and a variety of output-only operational modal identification methods have been proposed. However, vibration modes, even fundamental low-order modes, are not always identifiable for large-scale structures under ambient vibration excitation. The identifiability of vibration modes, deficiency in modal identification, and criteria to evaluate robustness of the identified modes when applying output-only modal identification techniques to ambient vibration responses were scarcely studied. In this study, the mode identifiability of the cable-stayed Ting Kau Bridge using ambient vibration measurements and the influence of the excitation intensity on the deficiency and robustness in modal identification are investigated with long-term monitoring data of acceleration responses acquired from the bridge under different excitation conditions. It is observed that a few low-order modes, including the second global mode, are not identifiable by common output-only modal identification algorithms under normal ambient excitations due to traffic and monsoon. The deficient modes can be activated and identified only when the excitation intensity attains a certain level (e.g., during strong typhoons). The reason why a few low-order modes fail to be reliably identified under weak ambient vibration excitations and the relation between the mode identifiability and the excitation intensity are addressed through comparing the frequency-domain responses under normal ambient vibration excitations and under typhoon excitations and analyzing the wind speeds corresponding to different response data samples used in modal identification. The threshold value of wind speed (generalized excitation intensity) that makes the deficient modes identifiable is determined.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to conduct an in-depth interview with dentists in order to provide fundamental data regarding their thoughts in relation to the dental hygiene process of care and its necessity in clinical practice, with the aim of ensuring that dental hygienists can perform their duties as experts. Method : Following explanation of the study, we administered the questionnaire to those who agreed to participate between September 26 and October 28, 2017. A Naver-form (mobile) questionnaire was distributed to the research subjects for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) 24.0. Analysis was performed by calculating the frequency and percentage of the general characteristics of the subjects, occupational expertise, and the dental hygiene process of care. Result : Among the 56 research subjects, 48 (85.7 %) were men and 8 (14.3 %) were women. Awareness on the part of respondents of the job responsibilities associated with the dental hygiene process of care ratio was as follows: 11 (19.6 %) categorized their level of knowledge regarding the dental hygienist's job duties as "very much know"; 13 (23.2 %) as "somewhat know"; 18 (32.1 %) as "neither"; and 9 (16.1 %) as "somewhat don't know", while 5 (9.0 %) said "I have no idea". The dental hygiene process of care was categorized as "very much necessary" by 50.0 % of respondents; as "somewhat necessary" by 35.7 %; and as "neither" by 14.3 %. Conclusion : The dental hygiene process of care is one of the methods used to continuously manage patients with dental-related concerns. Recently, the management of patients in the dental clinic has changed from a disease treatment model to a concept of active prevention for improving the quality of life related to oral health. The dental hygiene process of care is considered a very necessary dental health care service because it functions to continuously introduce oral health care or preventive care programs in clinical practice.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.329-350
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• 2016

A parametric study was conducted to investigate the seismic deformation demands in terms of drift ratio, plastic base rotation and compression strain on rectangular wall members in frame-wall systems. The wall index defined as ratio of total wall area to the floor plan area was kept as variable in frame-wall models and its relation with the seismic demand at the base of the wall was investigated. The wall indexes of analyzed models are in the range of 0.2-2%. 4, 8 and 12-story frame-wall models were created. The seismic behavior of frame-wall models were calculated using nonlinear time-history analysis and design spectrum matched ground motion set. Analyses results revealed that the increased wall index led to significant reduction in the top and inter-story displacement demands especially for 4-story models. The calculated average inter-story drift decreased from 1.5% to 0.5% for 4-story models. The average drift ratio in 8- and 12-story models has changed from approximately 1.5% to 0.75%. As the wall index increases, the dispersion in the calculated drifts due to ground motion variability decreased considerably. This is mainly due to increase in the lateral stiffness of models that leads their fundamental period of vibration to fall into zone of the response spectra that has smaller dispersion for scaled ground motion data set. When walls were assessed according to plastic rotation limits defined in ASCE/SEI 41, it was seen that the walls in frame-wall systems with low wall index in the range of 0.2-0.6% could seldom survive the design earthquake without major damage. Concrete compressive strains calculated in all frame-wall structures were much higher than the limit allowed for design, ${\varepsilon}_c$=0.0035, so confinement is required at the boundaries. For rectangular walls above the wall index value of 1.0% nearly all walls assure at least life safety (LS) performance criteria. It is proposed that in the design of dual systems where frames and walls are connected by link and transverse beams, the minimum value of wall index should be greater than 0.6%, in order to prevent excessive damage to wall members.

• 감성과학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.285-292
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 특정 목적을 가진 디지털 카메라 제품들의 특성들을 파악하여 디자인 개발시 소비자 니즈를 분석하고 제품을 이해하는 기초 자료의 확보이며, 디자이너가 제품을 보다 쉽게 이해하고 디자인 개발 시 컨셉 설정에 도움이 되고자함이다. 본 연구를 위하여 2000년부터 현재까지 출시된 제품을 수집하여 동질성 분석을 실시하여 대표제품을 선정하여 제품에서 느껴지는 형용사와 선호도를 설문을 통해 추출하였다. 설문을 토대로 종속변수와 선호도에 대한 회기분석과 종속변수와 구매도에 대한 회기 분석을 통해 어떠한 요소들이 소비자가 선호하는 이미지인지를 기초 설문과 실험 대상 이미지 분석을 실시하였다. 실험 결과 디지털 카메라를 디자인 할 때에는 편리한, 감각적인, 기능적인, 품위 있는 의 요소를 고려하여야 한다. 또한 전체적인 형태에서는 그립을 강조한 형태와 그립이 있고 액정이 크고 칼라는 어둡고 매뉴얼 버튼이 있는 디지털 카메라를 선호하는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.35-51
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• 2004

The object of this study is upper class house in Yang-dong village with the purpose of spatial-sociological study of traditional Korean architecture. Space is the basic element of architecture and is fundamental for understanding architecture. Space, however, can be better understood through its social context rather than through its physical or psychological attributes. Space exists in a society, providing the physical environment which frames it Social environment affects the thoght of people who are members of that society. Space is built by the people in a society and is affected by their thought. Spatial-sociological study can explain a mutual relation between people and space through context. It defines characteristics of space based on mutual relations which exist among the people, the culture of society and the environment of society but also having a sociological component, study of architectural space should consider the social context. Since architectural space is built on social and cultural bases, to understand it requires various methods of study Spatial-sociological analysis is one alternative. Using space syntax, this study analyzes houses in Yang-dong village by not only defining attributes of individual houses, but also common attributes of houses in the village. Based on common attributes of houses in the village, the attributes of Yang-dong village houses can be re-defined within the social context. the results from a spatial-sociological analysis of upper class housing of the Yang-dong village are as follows; (1) Related to confucian ideas in Chosun Dynasty : A house has a dualistic center organized with 'an-chae' and 'sarang-chae'. 'an-chae' space is organized unsociably from outside. (2) Related to various space pattern of Yang-dong village House in the Chosun Dynasty period :As variations in the types of space pattern, the village house exhibit different attributes.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.50-57
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• 1999

Folk belief, which originated with the rise of human existence is a fundamental and comprehensive mode of living that reflects sociocultural conditions. Adherents of folk belief accept a certain thing to be true and real without scientific authority and absolute certainty. Taboo can be seen as a king of folk belief. The object of this study is to examine the taboos in relation to the manufacturing process and the quality of the shroud and to shrouding customs. I will also try to find out the meaning and significance in this. Through this task, I hope to contribute to the enhanced understanding of the cultural characteristics, the spiritual life, and the views on after life of the Korean people. In Korea, it is considered to be propitious to prepare the shroud on the intercalary month of the leap year , as it allows one to enjoy longevity healthy and sound. Moreover, as this belief gives credence and repose while preparing for the “final departure”, this custom is relatively well observed. From the taboo concerning leap months, we infer that death as viewed as a commencement of a new life, which reveals a positive view on afterlife. This can be seen as a return to the origin of anti-universal space in this “bonus” month of anti-universal time. Taboos on the manufacturing process of the shroud is related to the belief that it allows the deceased to go the nest world without any hesistation or disturbances. This symbolizes the immortality of the human soul: I. e. that the human spirit does not end in this world but continues on to the next. Taboos concerning the preparation process of the shroud as well as various other taboos are related to the belief that preparation for the shroud should be done in sincerity and secredness with a thoughtful consideration for the deceased. This can be perceived as an implication to sanctity for the dead.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.9-42
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• 1974

Korea is a peninsular country surrounded by seas on three sides, and the fishing industry has carried out the service of suppling to the people with important anima protein. The distribution of fishery products has very complicated structures, because the production is in charge of small producers scattering along the coast all over the country, while consumpstion is made by separate homes in areas away from producing district. The relation between these two factors the structures make very complicated. The most typical and special structures of fishery distridution are distinguished in two, that is, one is landing market, the other is inland market. Landing markets have been monopolized by fishermen's cooperatives, providing with landing facilities and building sites. Fish markets played not only an important role in the landing, but distribution and price determination of catches by auction or tender. Inland markets are two types of wholesale market in consuming center, one is the terminal market for urban consumers, the other type is the local market for rural consumers. Fundamental functions of landing markets are gathering, assessment, and distribution functions. Gathering function is in charge of wholesaler in fishery cooperative. Gathering amounts are equal to gathering capacity of wholesaler and transact ability of licensed dealers as shown below model. Gathering amount=f.gathering capacity(=pre price.landing facility.account of wholesaler.distance of fishing ground.conveniency purchasing.home port)=fㆍ transact ability of licensed dealers≒f.population or port, and table 1 indicates these relationship. Assessment and distribution functions are in charge of licensed dealers in consumption side. Assessment function should bring the value in production activity through the auction between the cooperative seller and the licensed dealer as buyer. For fair trade transaction in auction, the free competition is supposed to be a prerequisite among the licensed dealers. The ideal condition for free competition is sameness in the scale of buying amount by licensed delaers, but it is almost impossible to attain its goal in actual marketing.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.1-46
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• 1971

In this report. it is assumed in the first chapter. various motives for modernizing of school mathematics can be indicated as the development of modern mathematics the highly advanced technology. the emergence of computor, and the progress of symbol logic. It is also confirmed that its modernizing process contains the modernization of contents in school mathematics. the broad application of school mathematics. the intellectualization of school mathematics. and the variation of its educational process. And the following chapter of this report is composed of the comparative study on the modernizing tendency of school mathematics among the SMSG of U. S. A., the mathematical education in France. and the late tendancy of Japan. The most significant part of the report is the chapter which propose the new program for school mathematics. It establishes the direction of school mathematics and its purpose. And at the same time it divides its fundamental conceptions into six parts according to school grades; the number. the operation. the functional relation. the quality and measure, the geometry, and the statistics. For the perspective of school mathematics, it is probable that the program for education and training of teachers could be realized, if it were spported by the system of specializing teachers and of functional teachers with advanced technology of education. Particularly the education of teachers contains the training of teachers as well as educational administrators or parents. Finally, the report concludes that the necessity of research required for the development of school mathematics must be emphasized in regard to the established program of teacher training.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.108-114
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• 2010

The injection nozzle of an electro-hydraulic injector is being opened and closed by movement of a injector's needle which is balanced by pressure at the nozzle seat and at the needle control chamber, at the opposite end of the needle. In this study, the effects of needle movement in a piezo-driven injector on unsteady cavitating flows behavior inside nozzle were investigated by cavitation numerical model based on the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. Aimed at simulating the 3-D two-phase flow behavior, the three dimensional geometry model along the central cross-section regarding of one injection hole with real design data of a piezo-driven diesel injector has been used to simulate the cavitating flows for injection time by at fully transient simulation with cavitation model. The cavitation model incorporates many of the fundamental physical processes assumed to take place in cavitating flows. The simulations performed were both fully transient and 'pseudo' steady state, even if under steady state boundary conditions. As this research results, we found that it could analyze the effect the pressure drop to the sudden acceleration of fuel, which is due to the fastest response of needle, on the degree of cavitation existed in piezo-driven injector nozzle.