• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.372-380
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• 2019

Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) is by far the most important pathogen of kiwifruit. Sustainable expansion of the kiwifruit industry requires the use of Psa-tolerant or resistant genotypes for the breeding of tolerant cultivars. However, the resistance of most existing kiwifruit cultivars and wild genotypes is poorly understood, and suitable evaluation methods of Psa resistance in Actinidia have not been established. A unique in vitro method to evaluate Psa resistance has been developed with 18 selected Actinidia genotypes. The assay involved debarking and measuring the lesions of cane pieces inoculated with the bacterium in combination with the observation of symptoms such as callus formation, sprouting of buds, and the extent to which Psa invaded xylem. Relative Psa resistance or tolerance was divided into four categories. The division results were consistent with field observations. This is the first report of an in vitro assay capable of large-scale screening of Psa-resistance in Actinidia germplasm with high accuracy and reproducibility. The assay would considerably facilitate the breeding of Psa-resistant cultivars and provide a valuable reference and inspiration for the resistance evaluation of other plants to different pathogens.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.85-95
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• 1997

After performing the auricular acupuncture therapy for the functional headache, we came to gain the following therapy effects. 1. In the whole of the patients of the functional headache, housewives of forties were most of all. 2. In the classification of mordern medicine on the patients of the functional headache, muscular contractional headache was most of all and in the classification of oriental differentiation of symtoms and signs(辨證), headache due to deficiency of blood(血虛頭痛) was most of all. 3. In the regional auricular acupuncture therapy for the functonal headache, Taiyang of auricular point(太陽點) had an effect on the lateral headache around the area of Taiyang of auricular point(太陽點) though the actions of sedation, analgesia, Neck of auricular point(頸點) had an effect on the muscular contractional headache of the occipital region, and Stomach of auricular point(胃點) had an effect on the headache of stagnation of phlegm(痰濁頭痛) of anterior region with a chronic digestive disease. 4. The average treatment times of the auricular acupuncture therapy in the patients of the functional headache was 4.08 times, if we have them take auricular acupuncture therapy about 4 times it could be thought to take excellent effect of treatment. 5. The effect of auricular acupuncture therapy for functional headache was turned out to be effective in the following orders ; lateral region(Group A), occipital region(Group B), anterior region(group C). Through the clinical consequences of therapy mentioned above, we came to confirm regular therapeuric effects and hereafter, it is considered that a clinical comparative study on oriental cure and auricular acupuncture therapy for headache has to be more progressed than now.

• BMB Reports
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.172-177
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• 2023

BEST family is a class of Ca²⁺-activated Cl- channels evolutionary well conserved from bacteria to human. The human BEST paralogs (BEST1-BEST4) share significant amino acid sequence homology in the N-terminal region, which forms the transmembrane helicases and contains the direct calcium-binding site, Ca²⁺-clasp. But the cytosolic C-terminal region is less conserved in the paralogs. Interestingly, this domain-specific sequence conservation is also found in the BEST1 orthologs. However, the functional role of the C-terminal region in the BEST channels is still poorly understood. Thus, we aimed to understand the functional role of the C-terminal region in the human and mouse BEST1 channels by using electrophysiological recordings. We found that the calcium-dependent activation of BEST1 channels can be modulated by the C-terminal region. The C-terminal deletion hBEST1 reduced the Ca²⁺-dependent current activation and the hBEST1-mBEST1 chimera showed a significantly reduced calcium sensitivity to hBEST1 in the HEK293 cells. And the C-terminal domain could regulate cellular expression and plasma membrane targeting of BEST1 channels. Our results can provide a basis for understanding the C-terminal roles in the structure-function of BEST family proteins.

• 농촌계획
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.129-141
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• 2015

This study classifies the types of spatio-functional differentiation in Korean island areas and analyses typical characters and suggests the development directions by each type. Eup/Myeon-level island areas are classified as six types by the factor analysis and the cluster analysis. First type is the traditional rural center. This type puts emphasis on maintaining phase as the central space and has to maximize development potential of the whole of settlement zone. Second type is the specialized region in manufacturing industry and the qualitative mutual growth of regional industries is able to be suggested. Third type is the specialized region in the neighborhood service provision. This type needs to devise the plan for utilizing potential customers actively and developing into the region specialized in tourism industry. Fourth type is the specialized region in tourism-support service functions. This type has to promote differentiated policies for maintaining amenity infra or value of countryside capital and preservation and utilization of resources by regional features. Fifth type is the fishing industry-dominated region. This type has to promote sustainable fishery development through the policy reflecting regional features and condition. Finally, sixth type is the sluggish region dominated with the traditional agriculture and fishery. This type is needed to aim at developing into the new food production base having the advantage of clean environment by strengthening support in specialized agro-fishery products. The existing researches on spatio-functional differentiation were mostly discussed with respect to land development, but this study highlights the difference in deal with the island areas distinguished from the condition of industry.

• 식물병연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.210-213
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• 2008

지금까지 벼줄무늬잎마름병은 이모작 지대를 형성하는 남부지방에 국한되어 발생되어 왔으나 2001년에 경기, 강화지역까지 북상하였으며, 2007년에는 서해안 지역인 전북 부안, 충남 서천 지역에 대발생하여 큰 피해를 입히기도 하였다. 본 조사는 위도별, 고도별로 벼줄무늬잎마름의 발생을 조사하였다. 조사결과 위도별로 보면 지금까지 발생이 보고된 남부(밀양, 위도 $35^{\circ}$), '05년도 중북부(철원, 위도 $38^{\circ}$) 및 이번 조사에서 새롭게 중북부 동해안(고성, 위도 $38^{\circ}$)에서 발생이 확인되었다 고도별로는 평야지(밀양, 고도 17 m)에서 부터 중산간지(상주, 고도 285 m) 및 고냉지(진부, 고도 576 m)에서 확인되었다. 지금까지 줄무늬잎마름병은 발생 상습지인 남부 지방을 포함하여 2001년도에 경기 강화지역, 2007년도 서해안 지역인 전북 부안, 충남 서천에 발생이 확인되었으며 금년에 새롭게 최북단 고성 및 고냉지 지역인 진부에서 발생이 확인되어 전국적으로 발생하는 주요 병해로 확인되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제68권4호
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• pp.402-412
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• 2023

기후변화에 대응하기 위해 재배지역 차이에 따른 쌀귀리(Avena sativa L.)의 품질을 비교하고자 재배지역이 다른 G1과 G2 그룹의 국내 농가에서 쌀귀리 조양 품종을 2020년부터 2022년까지 3년 동안 수집하여 외관 품질, 영양성분, 기능성 성분 등을 분석하였다. 외관 품질의 경우는 2020년에 G2지역에서 명도와 황색도에서 G1지역에 비해 유의하게 높게 나타나 차이가 있었지만 다른 연도에서는 재배지역간에 차이가 없었다. 쌀귀리 종자의 활력을 검정한 결과는 2022년에서만 G1지역에서 G2지역보다 전기전도도 값이 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 영양성분 중에서 수분 함량은 3개년 모두에서 G1지역보다 G2지역에서 더 높게 나타났으며 조단백질 함량 역시 모든 연도에서 G1지역보다 G2지역에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 탄수화물 함량은 조단백질 함량과 반비례하게 3년간 모든 연도에서 G2지역보다 G1지역에서 유의미하게 높게 나타났다. 조지방 함량은 2022년을 제외하고 G2지역보다 G1지역에서 유의미하게 높게 나타난 경향을 보였다. 그리고 쌀귀리에 풍부하게 함유되어 있는 기능성 성분인 베타글루칸을 분석한 결과 3.4-4.2% 범위로 나타났으며 2020년을 제외하고 재배지역간의 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 또한 귀리에만 존재하는 대표적인 기능성 성분인 아베난쓰라마이드는 2021년과 2022년 2년에 걸쳐 함량을 분석한 결과, 아베난쓰라마이드 함량은 2.4-20.7 ㎍/g 범위로 나타났으며 2년 모두 G2지역에서 G1지역보다 유의적으로 아베난쓰라마이드 함량이 높게 나타나는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구가 진행되는 재배지역간의 기온을 파악하기 위해 2020년부터 2022년까지 쌀귀리 생육기의 평균기온과 최저기온 평균값을 조사한 결과, 재배 한계지로 설정된 G2지역과 주산지로 설정된 G1지역 해남의 1월 평균기온과 1월 최저기온 평균값이 유사하였다. 결론적으로 재배지역 차이에 따라 재배되고 있는 쌀귀리 품질에서 일부 영양성분과 기능성 성분에 차이를 확인하였기에 기후변화로 인해 쌀귀리의 재배면적이 확대되는 상황에서 품질에 영향을 미치는 성분들의 변화에 대한 지속적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2016

Objectives: According to Korean Medicine theory, the skin color of LU10 serves as a diagnostic clue to dyspeptic symptoms. The aims of this study were (1) to find the difference of skin color in LU10 region between functional dyspepsia (FD) and healthy control (HC) and (2) to examine the relationship between LU10 skin color parameters and dyspeptic symptoms. Methods: 39 participants (29 FD and 10 HC) have participated in this study. They were asked to complete gastrointestinal scale (GIS), gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS), Nepean dyspepsia index (NDI), functional dyspepsia-related quality of life (FD-QoL), visual analogue scale (VAS) for dyspeptic symptoms, food retention questionnaire (FRQ) and cold heat questionnaire (CHQ). $L^*$ (luminance), $a^*$ (red-green balance) and $b^*$ (yellow-blue balance) values of LU10 region were calculated through digital images of the participant's hand. Then we evaluated test-retest reliability of $L^*$, $a^*$ and $b^*$ values of LU10 region. Additionally, we compared $L^*$, $a^*$ and $b^*$ values of LU10 between FD and HC, and examined the relationship between LU10 color parameters and seven questionnaires scores. Results: Only $L^*$ values in LU10 region were significantly higher in FD compared with HC. GIS scores and the subset scores of NDI had a positive correlation with $L^*$ values significantly. Correlation coefficients of test-retest reliability of skin color measurement of LU10 ranged from 0.871 to 0.936 representing very strongly statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusions: We confirmed the difference of skin color in LU10 region between FD and HC, and relationship between LU10 skin color parameters and dyspeptic symptoms.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.35-56
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• 1995

본 논문은 지속적인 서울시의 성장이 그 주변지역의 성장을 수반하면서 서울대도시 권화되어가는 과정을 밝히고 서울대도시권역을 설정한 후, 서울대도시권역 내에서 기능적 특성에 따라 지역을 분류하려는 것이 그 목적이었다. 1990년 시점에서의 서울대도시권역의 경계가 어느 정도 확대되었는가를 측정하기 위하여 도시화 정도를 측정하는 지표와 서울과 의 기능적 연계성을 측정하는 지표를 토대로 하여 그 권역을 설정하였다. 그 결과 서울대도 시권역은 수도권의 거의 전 지역을 포함하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 서울대도시권역에 포함된 지역들은 서울이 갖고 있는 기능을 일부 분담하면서 기능적인 면에서 특화되거나 전 문화되어 기능적 특성에 따라서 신종주거기능 탁월지역, 제조업기능 탁월지역, 서비스기능 탁월지역, 잠재적 개발가능지역의 4개 그룹으로 지역을 분류할 수 있었다.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.216-221
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• 2016

Osteoporotic fractures (OFs) are critical hard outcomes of osteoporosis and are characterized by decreased bone strength induced by low bone density and microarchitectural deterioration in bone tissue. Most OFs cause acute pain, hospitalization, immobilization, and slow recovery in patients and are associated with increased mortality. A variety of genetic studies have suggested associations of genetic variants with the risk of OF. Genome-wide association studies have reported various single-nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variations (CNVs) in European and Asian populations. To identify CNV regions associated with OF risk, we conducted a genome-wide CNV study in a Korean population. We performed logistic regression analyses in 1,537 Korean subjects (299 OF cases and 1,238 healthy controls) and identified a total of 8 CNV regions significantly associated with OF (p < 0.05). Then, one CNV region located on chromosome 20q13.12 was selected for experimental validation. The selected CNV region was experimentally validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The CNV region of chromosome 20q13.12 is positioned upstream of a family of long non-coding RNAs, LINC01260. Our findings could provide new information on the genetic factors associated with the risk of OF.

• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물물리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.41-41
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• 2003

Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (or SKCa channels) are potassium selective, voltage-independent, and activated by intracellular calcium concentration. These channels play important roles in excitable cells such as neuron in the central nervous system (Vergara et al., 1998). The activity of SKCa channels underlies the slow afterhyperpolarization that inhibits neuronal cell firing (Hille, 1991; Vergara et al.,1998). Until now, N-terminal region of rSK2 isn't characterized. To study the role of N-terminus, we constructed the N-terminal deletion mutant and characterized by electrophysiological means. Interestingly, N-terminal deletion mutant be trafficked to membrane couldn't evoke any ionic currents. Thus, N-terminal region has a role in functional rSK2 channel formation. To elucidate the function of N-terminal region, (His)6-conjugated protein was purified and filtrated by affinity column chromatography. Surprisingly, N-terminal region was shown in tetramer size that was supported by cross-linking result. Thus, we predicted that N-terminal region might be involved in the tetramerization of rSK2.