• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.74-79
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• 2010

In this review, the properties of buckminsterfullerene and its organic and polymeric reactions were focused. In addition, polymer blending with $C_{60}$ will be briefly introduced. As soon as $C_{60}$ was discovered, chemists put their efforts to explore its reactivity with other compounds. The knowledge of the organic reactions with $C_{60}$ was extended to construct different types of fullerene polymers such as side chain fullerene polymers, main chain fullerene polymers, star shaped fullerene polymers, and dendritic fullerene polymers.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.278-281
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• 2002

We investigated the photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of a highly soluble, fullerene-containing copolymer in both solution and film states. In solution state, the copolymer showed different PL characteristics depending on the aromaticity of the solvent. The PL from polystyrene segments of the copolymer was strongly quenched in an aromatic solvent, while the PL from fullerene remained unchanged. However, the films cast from an aromatic and a nonaromatic solvent demonstrated very similar PL characteristics, implying that the chain alignment or orientation and packing in the films occur in a similar way irrespective of the solvent.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.217-222
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• 2006

Propargyl alcohol was coupled to 2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-diol (HDD) and crystallized in the process of ultraviolet irradiation-induced topochemical polymerization. The HDD polymer crystals were used as one component in the fabrication of organic photovoltaic cells, in combination with fullerene as the electron acceptor. The various structures of the produced photovoltaic cells included bilayer, trilayer, and bulk heterojunction structures. Their photovoltaic properties were analyzed in relation to crystal structure, electrochemical properties, and band structure of the HOD polydiacetylene polymers.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1995.06a
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• pp.161-168
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• 1995

Nonlinear optical absorption in solid films of poly(3-octyl thiophene) (P3OT) sensitized with methanofullerene was inverstigated for wacelengths from 620 to 960nm. The nonlinear absorption is ehnanced over that in either of the component materials by more than two orders orders of magitude at 760nm. The large nonlinearity results from effient photoinduced interm olecular charge transfer from P3OT to methanofullerene, followed by absorption in the charge separated excited state. P3OT/fullerene films are promising as reverse saturable absorbers and the optical limiting performance is demonstrated at 760nm.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.318-318
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• 2010

We present the effect of interlayers of polymer tandem solar cells on their photovoltaic performance. P-type and n-type interlayers are essential for the series-connection of the subcells and enable to form the tandem cell architecture by the solution processing. In this study, we use PEDOT:PSS, nanocrystalline $TiO_2$, and blends of semiconducting polymers and fullerene derivatives as a hole transporting layer, electron transporting layer, and photoactive layers, respectively. We show that photovoltaic performances of polymer tandem solar cells depending on various PEDOT:PSS layers with the different electric conductivity and the various $TiO_2$ layer thickness.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2022

The power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells has reached over 18%. The rapid increase in the efficiency is largely associated with the development of electron acceptors paired with proper electron donor polymers. In this mini review, the progress of organic solar cells is reviewed in terms of the development of electron acceptors. In the first part of the review, fullerene-based electron acceptors that have led the first half of organic solar cell development were dealt with. In the second part of it, nonfullerene-based electron acceptors, which have potentials to overcome the demerits of fullerene-based electron acceptors and opened a new era of organic solar cells, were introduced. Lastly, some suggestions to tackle the efficiency barrier of 20% are given with the summary of the review in the closing section.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.73.2-73.2
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• 2010

Polymer solar cells (PSCs) have attracted considerable academic and commercial interest because of their unique advantages, such as the facile manufacture of low cost, flexibility, lightweight, and solution processibility. Recently, high-performance polymer solar cells made from a mixture of poly(2,7-carbazole) derivatives, PCDTBT, and [6,6]-phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC70BM) have been reported, with maximum power conversion efficiency of 6.1%. In this work, we report new novel copolymers based on poly(2,7-carbazole) derivatives with a suite of electron-deficient moieties or electron-rich units. We systematically investigated the synthesis, thermal stability, as well as the optical and electrochemical properties of these polymers. Detailed synthetic scheme, optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of the copolymers will be presented.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.524-529
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• 2006

New, thermally robust, arylenevinylene conjugated polymers, including poly(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-vinylene) [poly(FV)] and poly[2-(3'-dimethyldodecylsilylphenyl)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] [poly(m-SiPhPV)], were synthesized and used for the fabrication of efficient photovoltaic cells. Bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells fabricated by blending one of the polymers, [poly(FV)], [poly(m-SiPhPV)], and poly(FV-co-m-SiPhPV), with the fullerene derivative [6,6]-phenyl-$C_{61}$-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) were found to have a power conversion efficiency of up to 0.038%..

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.481.2-481.2
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• 2014

Bulk hetero junction (BHJ) polymer solar cell (PSCs) is one of the most promising fields as alternative energy source. Especially, the development of new p-type conjugated polymer is one of the main issues to get core technology. In this study, we investigated the chemical doping effects of incorporating 3,6-carbazole units into conjugated polymers based on 2,7-carbazole. We assessed the structural effects of this chemical doping by measuring the photovoltaic device performance of the copolymers with and without annealing. Note that the use of nanostructures in the bulk heterojunction layer could be a major obstacle to commercialization because nano-morphologies are frequently unstable at high temperatures. Therefore, the development of thermally stable polymer:fullerene blends with optimized PCEs is an important goal in this area of research. We studied the morphologies of the copolymers incorporating 3,6-carbazole units resulting from thermal annealing to investigate the effects of the difference between the T g values of the 2,7-carbazole unit and the 3,6-carbazole unit.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.143-151
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• 2024

Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have shown great potential as a new generation of energy harvesters because they possess many unique properties, including mechanical flexibility, lightweight, semi-transparency, and low-fabrication costs. Recent advancements in molecular structure and device engineering have led to achieving power conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 19%. However, these highly efficient active layer materials have been hampered in their commercialization by complex synthesis steps that result in high manufacturing costs. To address this issue, research is actively underway on low-cost active layer materials with simple structures. This paper introduces such cost-effective active layer materials and strategies for their synthesis.