• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.16-21
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• 2007

A Dual-Path Voltage Multiplier for passive RFID Tags was proposed and fabricated by using a 0.25um CMOS process with additional steps for schottky diodes. The proposed circuit needs only 4 additional diodes, and the area increment compared to conventional one is negligible in multi-stage voltage multipliers. The simulation and measurement results show that the output power capability of proposed multiplier are about two times larger than the conventional half-wave multiplier.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.175-183
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• 2014

In this paper, we present the design and implementation of real-time sound localization based on $0.13{\mu}m$ CMOS process. Time delay of arrival (TDOA) estimation was used to obtain the direction of the sound signal. The sound localization chip consists of four modules: data buffering, short-term energy calculation, cross correlation, and azimuth calculation. Our chip achieved real-time processing speed with full range ($360^{\circ}$) using three microphones. Additionally, we developed a dedicated sound localization circuit (DSLC) system for measuring the accuracy of the sound localization chip. The DSLC system revealed that our chip gave reasonably accurate results in an experiment that was carried out in a noisy and reverberant environment. In addition, the performance of our chip was compared with those of other chip designs.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.505-513
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• 2017

As mobile systems are performing various functionality in the IoT (Internet of Things) era, network-on-chip (NoC) plays a pivotal role to support communication between the tens and in the future potentially hundreds of interacting modules in system-on-chips (SoCs). Owing to intensive research efforts more than a decade, NoCs are now widely adopted in various SoC designs. Especially, studies on application-specific NoCs (ASNoCs) that consider the heterogeneous nature of modern SoCs contribute a significant share to use of NoCs in actual SoCs, i.e., ASNoC connects non-uniform processing units, memory, and other intellectual properties (IPs) using flexible router positions and communication paths. Although it is not difficult to find the prior works on ASNoC synthesis and optimization, little research has addressed the issues how to convert different protocols and data widths to make a NoC compatible with various IPs. Thus, in this paper, we address important issues on ASNoC implementation to support and convert multiple interfaces. Based on the in-depth discussions, we finally introduce our FPGA-proven full-custom ASNoC.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.2354-2358
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• 2007

MALDI-TOF-MS technique was applied to obtain structural and compositional information of synthetic polyamides, Nylon6 and Nylon66. Mass spectra of both the original and the hydrolyzed polyamide samples were analyzed using the self calibration method as well as the internal calibration method with the standard materials of known masses. The MALDI-TOF mass spectra of Nylon6 samples showed the presence of protonated, sodiated, and potassiated ions that were assigned to cyclic and NH2/COOH terminated linear oligomers. From the MALDI-TOF mass spectra of Nylon66 samples, the potassiated linear oligomers with three different end groups are identified as well as the cyclic oligomers, i.e., NH2/COOH terminated oligomers, NH2/NH2 terminated oligomers, and COOH/COOH terminated oligomers. Full characterization of the molecular species and end groups present in the polyamide samples has been achieved, and also the changes in mass spectral patterns after the hydrolysis of the samples are presented.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.2359-2362
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• 2007

MALDI-TOF-MS technique was applied to obtain structural and compositional information of synthetic polyamides, Nylon6 and Nylon66. Mass spectra of both the original and the hydrolyzed polyamide samples were analyzed using the self calibration method as well as the internal calibration method with the standard materials of known masses. The MALDI-TOF mass spectra of Nylon6 samples showed the presence of protonated, sodiated, and potassiated ions that were assigned to cyclic and NH2/COOH terminated linear oligomers. From the MALDI-TOF mass spectra of Nylon66 samples, the potassiated linear oligomers with three different end groups are identified as well as the cyclic oligomers, i.e., NH2/COOH terminated oligomers, NH2/NH2 terminated oligomers, and COOH/COOH terminated oligomers. Full characterization of the molecular species and end groups present in the polyamide samples has been achieved, and also the changes in mass spectral patterns after the hydrolysis of the samples are presented.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.603-613
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore and identify the role adaptation processes of family caregivers with patients transferred from intensive care unit to general ward. Methods: Using a grounded theory methodology, in-depth individual interviews were conducted. Data were collected from 11 participants. The participants were asked about their experiences of role adaptation considering situational contexts and interactional strategies. Transcribed data and field notes were analyzed using constant comparative analysis. Results: The core category was 'becoming almost a nurse with hope and fear'. The identified phenomena by the participants were the joy of being alive, having hope for a full recovery, anxiety and fear of uncertain future, feeling burdensome on a given role. The results included both role adaptation and mal-adaptation of caregivers. Conclusion: The role adaptation processes of family caregiver with patients transferred from intensive care unit to general ward can be explained as becoming almost a nurse with hope and fear. The findings of the study provided fundamental information for developing programs to support the given family caregivers for successful role adaptation.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 2001

This study was conducted to analyze the status of apartment informationalization through the research of distribution of super express network, apartment home pages and Inhabitants awareness. 1st. The construction business launched the full-scale apartment informationalization in 1999. Since then, the infomationalization has been developed multilaterally while the apartment home pages are playing a major role in cooperation with construction business and Internet business. The academic interest and research on the informationalization, however, are not enough. 2nd. The distribution of super express network, which is based on the informationalization is accelerated by the government policy. Especially in our country where the apartment is the major type of housing, we have favorite environment for the informationalization and can create our own housing culture. 3rd. The number of the apartment home pages now is increased to over 6,000, but its contents, know-how, and technique to build the system have not been advanced enough. 4th. So far the home pages have not been able to function well enough to strengthen the community awareness and are likely to result in the unbalanced informationalization. 5th. The study shows that residents interest in the computer and the Internet is fairly high. The utilization of the Internet is varied according to the age, sex, occupation, academic background, income and so forth. Especially they are not as interested in the housing informationalization as in the general information, but the preference of the apartment home pages and the super express network is so tremendous that its distribution will keep the momentum.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.51-54
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a practical method for displaying 2D/True3D mixed contents in real-time. Many companies released their 3D display recently, but the costs of producing True3D contents are still very expensive. Since there are already a lot of 2D contents in the world and it is more effective to mix True3D objects into the 2D contents than making True3D contents directly, people became interested in mixing 2D/True3D contents. Moreover, real-time 2D/True3D mixing is helpful for 3D displays because the scenario of the contents can be easily changed on playback-time by adjusting the 3D effects and the motion of the True3D object interactively. In our system, True3D objects are rendered into multiple view-point images, which are composed with 2D contents by using depth information, and then they are multiplexed with pre-generated view masks. All the processes are performed on a graphics processor. We were still able to play a 2D/True3D mixed contents with Full HD resolution in real-time using a normal graphics processor.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.34D no.5
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• pp.32-44
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• 1997

A three-dimensional (3D) full-dynamic damage model for ion implantation in crystalline silicon was proposed to calculate more accurately point defect distributions and ion-implanted concentration profiles during ion implantation process. The developed model was based on the physical monte carlo approach. This model was applied to simulate B and BF2 implantation. We compared our results for damage distributions with those of the analytical kinchin-pease approach. In our result, the point defect distributions obtained by our new model are less than those of kinchin-pease approach, and the vacancy distributions differ from the interstitial distributions. The vacancy concentrations are higher than the interstitial ones before 0.8 . Rp to the silicon surface, and after the 0.8 . Rp to the silicon bulk, the interstitial concentrations are revesrsely higher than the vacancy ones.The fully-dynamic damage model for the accumulative damage during ion implantation follows all of the trajectories of both ions and recoiled silicons and, concurrently, the cumulative damage effect on the ions and the recoiled silicons are considered dynamically by introducing the distributon probability of the point defect. In addition, the self-annealing effect of the vacancy-interstitial recombination during ion implantation at room temperature is considered, which resulted in the saturation level for the damage distribution.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.261-269
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• 2004

In this paper, an efficient algorithm for computing in the MPEG/audio Layer Ⅲ (MP3) encoder is proposed. The proposed algerian performs a full-band 1024-point FFT by computing 32-point FFT's of 32 subband outputs. To reduce the aliasing caused by the analysis filter bank, an aliasing cancellation butterfly is developed. A major benefit of the proposed algorithm is the computational saving. By using the proposed algorithm, it is possible to save 40~50% of computations for FFT, which results in about 20% reduction of the PAM-2 complexity.