• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2007

Purpose: To investigate the validity of positive signs of supraspinatus test. Materials and Methods: The empty can test and full can test were performed on 200 shoulders which were diagnosed with magnetic resonance imaging or surgical findings as full thickness tear, partial thickness tear and no tear. Presence of pain, weakness, pain or weakness, and both pain and weakness were recorded as positive signs separately. The two tests with positive signs were compared and analyzed. Results: Pain and weakness were severity-dependent, and the empty-can test had a higher incidence of pain. The sensitivities of the two supraspinatus tests in all positive signs were higher when including partial-thickness tears in the tear group; however, their specificities were higher when excluding partial-thickness tears. The sensitivities of an empty-can test in 'pain', 'pain or weakness', 'both pain and weakness' were higher than those of the full-can test, otherwise, the specificity of the full-can test for 'pain' and 'pain or weakness' were higher. Concordance rate between 'pain or weakness' and 'pain' was the highest in all categorization. Conclusion: Both empty can and full can test were valuable for detecting torn rotator cuff.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.338-343
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• 2021

Purpura fulminans is a serious condition that can result in severe morbidity in the pediatric population. Although autologous skin grafts remain the gold standard for the coverage of partial- to full-thickness wounds, they have several limitations in pediatric patients, including the lack of planar donor sites, the risk of hemodynamic instability, and the limited graft thickness. In Singapore, an in-house skin culture laboratory has been available since 2005 for the use of cultured epithelial autografts (CEAs), especially in burn wounds. However, due to the fragility of CEAs, negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) dressings have been rarely used with CEAs. With several modifications, we report a successful case of NPWT applied over a CEA in an infant who sustained 30% total body surface area full-thickness wounds over the anterior abdomen, flank, and upper thigh secondary to purpura fulminans. We also describe the advantages of using NPWT dressing over a CEA, particularly in pediatric patients.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of CT arthrography (CTA) in the assessment of various shoulder pathologies, compared with MR arthrography (MRA) and MRI with arthroscopic correlation. Materials and Methods: CTA in 84 patients, MRA in 70 patients, and MRI in 27 patients were obtained. A radiologist interpreted each image for 5 pathologies: Bankart, SLAP, Hill-Sachs lesion, full-thickness, and partial-thickness rotator cuff tear. Detailed arthroscopic reports were compared with CTA, MRA, and MRI. The sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and accuracy were calculated. The agreement between each diagnostic modality and arthroscopy was calculated. Diagnostic efficacy was assessed by the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: The diagnostic values of all three imaging groups were comparable to each other for Bankart, SLAP, Hills-Sachs, and full-thickness cuff tear lesions, but those of CTA were lower than MRI and MRA for partial-thickness cuff tears. The areas under the ROC curves for CTA, MRA, and MRI were not significantly different for all pathologies, except for partial-thickness cuff tears. Conclusion: CTA was equally competent to MRA or MRI in demonstrating Bankart, Hill-Sachs lesions, SLAP, and full thickness rotator cuff tears but not as efficient in diagnosing partial thickness rotator cuff tears.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.135-140
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• 2003

The convergence of finite volume method (FVM) or discrete ordinate method (DOM) is known to degrade for optical thickness greater than unity and large scattering albedo. The present article presents a convergence acceleration procedure for the FVM based on a full approximation storage (FAS) multigrid method. Among a variety of multigrid cycles, the V-cycle is used and the full multigrid algorithm (FMG) is applied to an analysis of radiation in irregular two-dimensional geometry. Solution convergence is discussed for the several cases of various optical thickness and scattering albedo. At small scattering albedo and optical thickness, there is no advantage to using the multigrid method for calculation CPU time. For large scattering albedo greater than 0.5 and optical thickness greater than unity, however, the multigrid method improves the convergence and the solution is rapidly obtained.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.375-378
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• 2016

Human bite injury to the eyelid is extremely rare and poses a significant challenge in surgical reconstruction. We report an extremely rare case of human bite injury to the eyelid in a 43-year-old male with approximately 60% full thickness loss of the upper eyelid and 80% to 90% full thickness loss of the lower eyelid and its successful reconstruction using the local advancement cheek flap.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.1444-1447
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• 2004

For the OLED evaporation process, thin film thickness uniformity is of great practical importance. In order to achieve the better thickness uniformity, geometric simulation of film thickness distribution profile is required. In this paper, a geometric modeling algorithm is introduced for process simulation of full-color OLED evaporating system. The physical fact of the evaporation process is modeled mathematically. Based on the developed method, the uniformity of the organic layer thickness can be successfully controlled.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.53-59
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study wasto evaluate the comparison of CT arthrography and ultrasonography, confirmed by the arthroscopic finding in patients with rotator cuff disease. Materials and Methods: We evaluated fifty seven patients with rotator cuff disease underwent CTA and arthroscopy, and twenty eight patients had taken ultrasonographyadditionally. The diagnostic value and prediction for tear size between CTA and ultrasonography were evaluated, as compared to arthroscopic findings. Results: CTA showed a sensitivity of 86.2% and a specificity of 100% in full thickness tear ofsupraspinatus, a sensitivity of 58.3% and a specificity of 87.8% in partial-thickness tear. CTA demonstrated good diagnostic value for full thickness tear, but there was relatively lower value for partial-thickness tear. Ultrasonography showed a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 86.7% for diagnosing in full thickness tear, a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 73.3% in partial-thickness tear. Ultrasonography provided good diagnostic value, but, there is lesser accurate result for prediction of tear size. Conclusion: CTA showedgood diagnostic tool of detection full-thickness tear of rotator cuff disease and predicting of tear size. Comparing with ultrasonography, CTA was inferior for detection of partial-thickness tear, but, provided better estimation for tear size.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.413-414
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• 2008

We have studied an organic layer thickness dependent optical properties and microcavity effects for top-emission organic light-emitting diodes. Manufactured top emission device, structure is Al(100nm)ITPD(xnm)/$Alq_3$(ynm)/LiF(0.5nm)/Al(23nm). While a thickness of hole-transport layer of TPD was varied from 35 to 65nm, an emissive layer thickness of $Alq_3$ was varied from 50 to 100nm for two devices. A ratio of those two layers was kept to about 2:3. Variation of the layer thickness changes a traverse time of injected carriers across the organic layer, so that it may affect on the chance of probability of exciton formation. View-angle dependent emission spectra were measured for the optical measurements. Top-emission devices show that the emission peak wavelength shifts to longer wavelength as the organic layer thickness increases. For instance, it shifts from 490 to 555nm in the thickness range that we used. View-angle dependent emission spectra show that the emission intensity decreases as the view-angle increases. The organic layer thickness-dependent emission spectra show that the full width at half maximum decreases as the organic layer thickness increases. Top emission devices show that the full width at half maximum changes from 90 to 35nm as the organic layer thickness increases. In top-emission device, the microcavity effect is more vivid as the organic layer thickness increases.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.314-318
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• 2005

For treatment of full thickness skin defects caused by trauma or infections, skin grafts or flaps have been the treatment of choice to date. However, in patients who are not candidates for surgery, either due to his general conditions or refusal to receive treatment, supportive methods have been the only means of care, which inherently caused psychological trauma to the patient due to uncertainties of ultimate outcome and the length of treatment. This study aimed to heal full thickness skin defects through application of topical epidermal growth factor in patients who have received 2 to 3 weeks of conservative management using medifoam $B^{(R)}$ without improvement. Six patients from March 2002 to July 2004 were enrolled. The mean size of defects was $5.4{\times}4.6cm$ in 4 patients with carcinoma and $6.4{\times}4.1cm$ in 2 patients with osmidrosis. Commercially available 0.005% EGFR solution was used, and dressing was performed once daily. All patients benefitted from the use of EGF, with closure of skin defects taking an average of 28 days in cancer patients and 22.5 days in osmidrosis cases. EGF can be used as a supportive mean of treatment in the inoperable patients with skin defects, with resultant hastening of healing shortening duration of treatment.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.748-753
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• 2013

Background Nasal reconstruction is one of the most difficult challenges for the head and neck surgeon, especially in the case of complex full thickness defects following malignant skin tumor resection. Full-thickness defects require demanding multi-step reconstruction. Methods Seven patients underwent surgical reconstruction of full-thickness nasal defects with a bi-pedicled forehead flap shaped appropriately to the defect. Patients were aged between 58 and 86 years, with a mean age of 63.4 years. All of the tumors were excised using traditional surgery, and in 4 of the patients, reconstruction was performed simultaneously following negativity of fresh frozen sections of the margins under general anesthesia. Results Nasal reconstruction was well accepted by all of the patients suffering non-melanoma skin tumors with acceptable cosmetic outcomes. The heart-shaped forehead flap was harvested in cases of subtotal involvement of the nasal pyramid, while smaller defects were reconstructed with a wing-shaped flap. No cartilaginous or osseous support was necessary. Conclusions This bi-pedicled forehead flap was a valid, versatile, and easy-to-implement alternative to microsurgery or multi-step reconstruction. The flap is the best indication for full-thickness nasal defects but can also be indicated for other complex facial defects in the orbital (exenteratio orbitae), zygomatic, and cheek area, for which the availability of a flap equipped with two thick and hairless lobes can be a valuable resource.