• 약학회지
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• 제57권5호
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• pp.348-356
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• 2013

The present study investigated the effects of Hovenia Dulcis (HD) fruit extract powder on the improvement of physical activity, especially exercise capacity. Forty mice were divided into 4 groups including normal controls, negative controls, 100 (HD-100) and 200 (HD-200) mg/kg HD fruit extract powder groups for 5-times exercises using treadmill. Normal control did not performed treadmill running but others did 5-times for 10 days. HD fruit extract powders were administrated orally one-times per day for 10 days before treadmill exercise and normal and negative controls were fed with excipient water. After 5-times exercise, blood biochemical analysis showed that aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CK) activities and blood lactate concentration were statistically increased in negative controls than in normal controls. They were decreased in HD fruit extract powder groups, compared with negative controls. These results were considered as the effects of HD fruit extract powders on reduced tissue damages during exercise. Other measured indices did not reveal remarkable differences. All together, these results suggest that HD fruit extract powders may enhance the exercise performance by recovering the exercise-fatigue via blood lactate concentration by reducing blood LDH activity and via reduction of blood CK and AST activity.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2021

This study was conducted in order to investigate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Solanum nigrum L. fruit powder after undergoing different extraction solvent processes. The total phenolic content of Solanum nigrum L. fruit powder measured a 14.66 GAE mg/g after undergoing ethanol extraction, and the total flavonoid content measured at 201.23 mg CE/g when undergoing ethanol extraction. The ABTS radical scavenging activity was 160.38~209.53 TEAC umol/g, and the DPPH radical scavenging activity was 53.99~90.76 TEAC umol/g, which indicated a higher level of antioxidant power in the ethanol extract as opposed to in the water extract. The FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) of Solanum nigrum L. fruit powder was 115.58~194.58 TEAC umol/g, and B. subtilis KCTC 2189 showed greater antimicrobial activity in the ethanol extract (concentration 200 ug/uL) as opposed to the water extract. Solanum nigrum L. fruit powder revealed differences in antioxidant and antimicrobial activity between the different extraction solvents. In particular, ethanol extract had higher antioxidant and antibacterial activity, meaning it is more favorable for usage as a functional food material.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.808-812
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• 2009

The ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory and antioxidant effects of water chestnut (Trapa japonica Flerov.) were assessed to explore its possible use as an anti-diabetic agent. Methanol extracts of the fruit shell and meat of water chestnut were assayed for inhibitory activity against yeast ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Effect of fruit shell extract on postprandial glucose response was assessed. Compared with fruit meat, shell extract showed stronger inhibition against ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ with an $IC_{50}$ of 273 ${\mu}g/mL$. Oral administration of fruit shell extract (500 mg/kg) significantly lowered the postprandial area under the glucose response curve to starch (1 g/kg) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (p<0.01). Compared with fruit meat, shell extract showed stronger scavenging activity against DPPH, with an $IC_{50}$ of 27.1 ${\mu}g/mL$. The results indicate that the fruit shell of water chestnut was effective in controlling postprandial hyperglycemia and exerted an antioxidant effect. Therefore, water chestnut may be useful in treating diabetes.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2013

The objective of this study is to investigate the optimal condition for macerating enzymatic extraction process that leads to the highest yield and the largest extracted amount of bio-active contents from Rubus coreanus Miq. fruit. The optimal extraction conditions were found as the following: The initial amount of the water added to the fruit was 20 ~ 30% by weight. The mixing ratio used for the macerating enzyme was 4 : 1 : 2 (w : w : w) for cellulase:pectinase:amylogucosidase, and the amount of the macerating enzyme added was 2% by weight. The extraction process was done at a temperature of $45{\sim}50^{\circ}C$ for 10 hours. The extraction yields on Rubus coreanus Miq. fruit by macerating enzymatic extraction process was increased by 84.3% compared to that of hot-water extraction process. The amounts of organic acids and vitamin found in the extract were also higher. The amount of polyphenol and anthocyanin contents in the extract were 185% and 257% of those from hot-water extraction, respectively. These results suggest that macerating enzymatic extraction is an effective method to boost extraction yield and to increase the amount of extraction of bio-active contents from Rubus coreanus Miq. fruit.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.747-754
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to investigate free amino acid composition, antioxidant activity, alcohol dehydrogenase activity and the sensory quality attributes for the development of functional soy sauce using Hutgae (Hovenia dulcis Thunb) fruit, which is well-known for improving liver function and alleviating various negative physiological effects following heavy consumption of alcoholic beverages. Soy sauces adding six types of extract from Hutgae fruit (HF) were prepared (SSH1: HF 20%, SSH2: HF 10%, SSH3: HF 20%/40 days NaCl extract, SSH4: HF 20%/20 days NaCl extract, SSH5: HF 20% water bath extract, SSH6: freeze-drying powder from HF 20% aqueous extract), compared with soy sauce using the conventional method. These soy sauces were used for determining alcohol dehydrogenase activity by NADH absorbance, the antioxidant effect by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and sensory evaluation by sensory scaling. Total free amino acid contents for most samples were in the range of 327.3 to 375.5 mg%, and then, aspartic acid and glutamic acid content of SSH1 and SSH5 were higher than that of others. DPPH radical scavenging activity was shown to be the highest in SSH4, also SSH1, SSH5 and SSF6 were shown to be higher than the control group. Alcohol dehydrogenase activity was shown to be the highest in SSH5. In sensory evaluation, the highest intensity of roast smell was observed in SSH4 while sweet taste was shown to be the highest in SSH5, and SSH3 and SSH5 revealed higher overall acceptability. From these results, Hutgae fruit soy sauces demonstrated antioxidant activity and alcohol dehydrogenase activity. In conclusion, soy sauces containing the water bath extract of Hutgae fruit may be used as a functional seasoning.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

Purpose: To verify the anti-microbiotic activity and to develop eco-friendly surface disinfectants using the Opuntia ficus-indica extract. Methods: The stem and fruits of the Opuntia cultivated in Jeju Island were extracted with hot water, 70% EtOH and 100% MeOH, respectively. To examine the antimicrobial activity of the extracts, gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus), gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium), yeast (Candida albicans), mold (Aspergillus flavus) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (E. coli, S. aureus) were measured to form a clear zone. Results: The antibacterial activity of the fruit extract was higher than that of the stem extract, and the antibacterial activity of the 100% MeOH (FM) extract and the 70% EtOH (FE) extract of the palm cactus fruit was suitable for the surface disinfectant overall, and clear-zone formed even at relatively low concentrations (250 mg/mL). The FM and FE have antibacterial activity against various bacteria, therefore they can be used as disinfectants. Conclusion: The antimicrobial activity of Opuntia ficus-indica extract from Jeju Island by stem and fruit was determined at relatively low concentrations (250 mg/mL). The Opuntia ficus-indica extract will be useful for surface disinfectants dissolving the patients' bath, oral gargling, and powdered powder in water or ethanol in appropriate concentrations.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2013

Objective: The study was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential of Ziziphus mucronata (ZM) fruit extract. Methods: The different types of fruit extract were prepared by soaking the dry powdered fruit in different solvents followed by rotary evaporation. Each extract was tested for its phenol content and antioxidant activities. An in vivo study was performed in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Thirty adult male SD rats (aged 21 weeks) were divided into six groups of five rats each and treated as follows: The normal control (NC) received distilled water while the dimethoate control (DC) received 6 mg/kg.bw.day-1 dimethoate dissolved in distilled water. The experimental groups E1, E2, E3, and E0 received dimethoate (6 mg/kg.bw) + ZMFM (100 mg/kg.bw-1), dimethoate (6 mg/kg.bw) + ZMFM (200 mg/kg.bw-1), dimethoate (6 mg/kg.bw) + ZMFM (300 mg/kg.bw-1), and ZMFM (300 mg/kg.bw-1) only. Both the normal control and the dimethoate control groups were used to compare the results. After 90 days, rats were sacrificed, blood was collected for biochemical assays, and livers were harvested for histological study. Results: High phenol content was estimated, and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH) spectrophotometric, thin layer chromatography (TLC) and 2, 2-Azobis-3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) assays showed a high antioxidant activity among the extracts. The preventive effects observed in the E1, E2 and E3 groups proved that the extract could prevent dimethoate toxicity by maintaining normal reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C and E, superoxide dismutase, catalase, cholineasterase and lipid profiles. The preventive effect was observed to be dose dependent. The EO group showed no extract-induced toxicity. Histological observations agreed with the results obtained in the biochemical studies. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that ZM methanol fruit extract is capable of attenuating dimethoate-induced toxicity because of its high antioxidant activity.

• 산업식품공학
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.80-84
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• 2011

오미자 열매 추출물의 첨가량을 0-50%로 달리하여 식혜를 제조한 후 물리화학적 및 관능적 품질특성을 측정하고 각 특성사이의 상관관계를 살펴보았다. 추출물의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 식혜의 pH는 유의적으로 감소한 반면 가용성 고형분 함량 및 적색도 ($a^*$값)는 증가하였다(p<0.05). 한편, 밝기를 나타내는 $L^*$값과 황색도를 나타내는 $b^*$값은 추출물의 첨가량과 직접적인 관계를 나타나지 않았다. 관능적 품질특성 중 색, 신맛, 단맛은 추출물의 첨가량과 유의적인 관계를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 상관분석 결과 추출물의 첨가량은 $L^*$값과 $a^*$값을 제외한 모든 물리적 및 관능품질 특성과 유의적인 관계를 나타내었다. 소비자 기호도검사에 의하면 10% 오미자 열매 추출물을 첨가한 식혜의 전체적인 기호도가 다른 시료군에 비해 유의적으로 높음을 알 수 있었다(p<0.05).

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.231-238
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• 2001

The concentrations of total polyohenolic compound from extract of Paulownia tomentosa Stued. were water-soluble extract 7.98%, methanol extract 12.30% and ethanol extract 11.63%. The free radical scavenger activities of three extracts at the levels of 0.5% were higher than that of BHT(butylated hydroxytoluene). In antioxidative activities measured the concentrations of TBARS(thiobabituric acid reactive substances) in tissues microsome induced with Fe$\^$++/ascorbate, the water-soluble extract was errdctively suppressed in liver and spleen. In antioxidative activities determined by thiocyanate method against lipid peroxidation using linoleic acid, the methanol extract showed the higher compared with other extracts, but BHT showed the highest antioxidative activity. These results suggest that fruit extracts of Paulownia tomentosa Stued. showed to have relatively high concentrations of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidative activities.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 헛개나무를 숙취해소 및 간 보호 관련기능성 식품으로 개발하기 위하여 헛개나무 열매, 잎 및 줄기 추출물의 알코올 분해효과를 확인하였고, 유효 성분의 추출조건을 확립하였으며, 동물실험을 통하여 혈중 알코올농도 저하 및 간 보호 효능을 검증하였다. 헛개나무의 열매 추출물이 가장 높은 알코올 분해 효능을 보였으며 대조군에 비해 38% 알코올 감소 효과가 있었다. 헛개 열매 (크기 : 4 mm)의 회분식 추출에서 유용 생리활성물질은 추출 6시간에 평형에 도달하였으며 총 3회의 추출로 대부분의 생리활성물질을 회수(>5%)할 수 있었다. 또한 동물실험에서 헛개 열매 추출물은 혈중 알코올 농도를 현저히 감소시켰으며 사염화탄소에 의한 간 독성 유발 쥐의 간 기능 수치인 AST, ALT 및 LDH 수준을 각각 45%, 52% 및 52% 감소시켜 헛개열매 추출물이 간 보호 효과가 있음을 확인하였다.