• 한국조리학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2007

This study was aimed at evaluating a proper mixing ratio of making Beaknyuncho(Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten) Sulgidduk with different types of extraction, a fruit and a stem of Beaknyuncho, and by different making methods. As a result, moisture content was the highest(43.22%) in FP1 and the lowest(38.55%) in SJ60. The low lightness and yellowness are increased with more powder and juice of both fruit and stem added. The mechanical characteristics, hardness, adhesiveness and gumminess were increased as powder and juice were added. And cohesiveness and springiness were decreased. The identification test showed that a sample containing stem juice was the most preferable for taste, chewiness, moistness and after-taste. The preference test showed that a sample containing stem juice was the most preferable for color, texture and overall quality and a sample containing stem powder was preferable for flavor and taste. Both SJ60 mixed with 60% Beaknyuncho stem juice and FP3 mixed with 3% fruit powder proved to be the most desirable in both sensory evaluation and texture characteristics.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.33-39
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• 1981

This study was attempted to determine the pectin contents of various fruits(Cherry, strawberry, plum, peach, apricot, apple, crabapple) and to investigate the changes in the properties of pectin and pectin gel during crabapple ripening. Methoxyl content, molecular weight and intrinsic viscosity were measured in ripened and unripened crabapples. In order to determine the characteristics of pectin gel, percent sag was measured by exchange Ridgelimeter, hardness and textural characteristics of jellies were measured by a penetrometer and a texturometer. The experimental results are summarized as follows: 1. The pectin contents of various fruits were 1.16% for cherry, 3.17% fir strawberry, 4.29% for plum, 5.51% for apricot, and pectin contents of peaches and apples varies depends on varieties from 4.54% to 5.61% to 6.52, respectively. The pectin contents of unripened and ripened crabapple wee 9.21% and 9.84% respectively, indicating that pectin content increased with fruit maturity. 2. The methoxyl contents, which was 6.61%~6.95%, was very low and it increased significantly during fruit ripening. Further, a decrease in acetyl content, intrinsic viscosity, molecular weight occurred during the ripening of crabapples. 3. The percent sag of crabapple jellies increased with fruit maturity from 5.26% to 5.79%, and the corresponding jelly grade decreased in ripened crabapple. 4. The hardness of jellies determined by a penetrometer was 79.15 pp.U. for ripened crabapple jelly, 90.62 pp.U. for unripe ned crabapple jelly. 5. In the textural characteristics of gels measured by a texturometer, the gels made from unripened crabapple were shown to have the highest values in hardness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness and gumminess.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.290-295
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• 2015

포도 송이다듬기는 많은 노동력이 필요하므로 노동력을 감소시킬 수 있는 새로운 송이다듬기 기술을 개발하기 위하여 연구를 수행하였다. 포도의 송이다듬기 기술은 지경솎기가 알솎기에 비하여 작업효율성이 6.7배 높은 것으로 나타났다. 과실품질은 지경솎기 및 알솎기가 무처리구보다 과방과 과립수가 적지만 가용성 고형물은 높고, 산도는 낮게 나타났으며 압상률도 적은 것으로 나타났다. 송이다듬기에 의한 포도의 송이 품질 균일도를 조사하기 위해 송이의 기부, 중간 및 선단 부분의 가용성 고형물 함량과 산도를 측정한 결과 350~450 g의 과방중을 가진 포도송이가 송이 내위치에 따른 품질의 차이가 나타나지 않아 적합한 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.106-113
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• 1997

Three indigenous mulberry species of Morus tiliaefolia Makino, Morus mongolica C. K. Shneider and Morus bombycis Koidz. were naturally crossed and their fertilities and fruit characteristics were investigated during the years of 1996 and 1997. M. tiliaefolia Makino and M. mongolica C.K. Schneider showed low fertility, but M. bombycis Koidz. was medium in fertility. The fruits of M. tiliaefolia Makino were red-purple and midium in size and high sugar content, but those of M. mongolica C.K. Schneider were light red and small but extremely high sugar content. The total acidity of fruits was 0.73, 0.50 and 0.36-0.94% in M. tiliaefolia Makino, M. mongolica C.K. Schneider and M. bombycis Koidz. respectively. Regarding ripenening stage, M. mongolica C.K. Schneider was early and M. tiliaefolia Makino was medium, while M. bombycis Koidz was early or medium.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.54-56
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• 2017

Wolfiporia cocos is a well-known traditional medicine in China, Japan, Korea, and other Asian countries owing to its numerous therapeutic properties. With the aim to determine the morphology and genetic characteristics of W. cocosten strains of W. cocos were cultivated in vitro, and subsequently, rapid amplification of polymorphic DNA was performed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the morphology of fruit bodies of W. cocos in Korea. W. cocos were cultured on PDA agar at different temperatures (12, 16, 20, 24, and $28^{\circ}C$) under 12-hour light (600 Lux) / 12-hour dark photoperiod condition for 1 month. Appearance of fruit body was the highest at $28^{\circ}C$ condition in all the strains investigated. Honeycomb-like structure on sclerotia was observed in Andong 01, Andong 02, Andong 03, KFRI 1104, KFRI 1105, KFRI 1106, KFRI 1107, KFRI 1108, and ASI 13007 strains of. The KFRI 1103 strain formed cosmos petal-like structure on sclerotia. The average size of basidiospores was recorded as $7.55{\mu}m$ in height and $3.35{\mu}$ in width.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.547-552
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of fertilization on characteristics of growth and accumulation of anthocyanin in fruit of Omija (Schisandra chinensis Baillon). Nitrogen supply mainly affected growth of fruit and the anthocyanin content in Omija respective of vegetative growth steps. The anthocyanin content in fruit was significantly low in high N supply and non-fertilization. The conjunctive supply of nitrogen and compost tea resulted in a higher anthocyanin content of fruit, total nitrogen content of leaf, and nitrate in soil. This result implies that nitrogen supply to Omija plant, affects the accumulation patterns of anthocyanin in different ways, e.g. it delays the quantitative biosynthesis at low nitrogen supply during fruit maturation or enhances anthocyanin degradation during the final maturation steps.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2005

Fruits are subjected to complex dynamic stresses in the transportation environment. During a long journey form the production area to markets, there is always some degree of vibration present. Vibration inputs are transmitted from the vehicle through the packaging to the fruit. Inside, these cause sustained bouncing of fruits against each other and container wall. These steady state vibration input may cause serious fruit injury, and this damage is particularly severe whenever the fruit inside the package is free to bounce, and is vibrated at its resonance frequency. The determination of the resonant frequencies of the fruit may help the packaging designer to determine the proper packaging system providing adequate protection for the fruit, and to understand the complex interaction between the components of fruit when they relate to expected transportation vibration inputs. The first frequency of the pear in packaged freight be stacked in resonance frequency band of the pear packaged freight was increased from the bottom to the top of the stack but the second frequency of that in resonance frequency band of the pear was decreased. This indicated that the high damage score of the pear in bottom tier in vibration test was due to higher acceleration level in resonance frequency band of the pear.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.188-197
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to analyze daily kimchi, vegetable and fruit consumption by general characteristics and vegetable and fruit consumption from 1998 to 2012 by the Korean population based on the data of the KNHANES (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey). SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study is based on the 1998-2012 KNHNES. Analysis data on 54,700 subjects aged 19 years and older were obtained from health behavior interviews and the 24-hour dietary recall method. RESULTS: Daily kimchi consumption and portion size of kimchi decreased significantly from 1998 to 2012 (adjusted P for trend < 0.0001). Meanwhile, daily consumption of both non-salted vegetable and fruit with and without kimchi did not significantly change between 1998 and 2012. Reduced consumption of kimchi, non-salted vegetable, and fruit was observed for both genders as well as daily meal episodes and cooking locations. Male and female subjects with insufficient non-salted vegetable and fruit intake were increased 1.4 times and 1.3 times, respectively, in 2012 than 1998. All subjects consumed at least 400 g/day of non-salted vegetable, fruit, and kimchi in each survey year, although they consumed insufficient amounts (< 400 g/day) of non-salted vegetable and fruit without kimchi. CONCLUSIONS: Since Koreans generally consume high amounts of fermented vegetables, including kimchi, total vegetables and fruit. Consumption of these foods by the Korean adult population reached 400 g, which is the recommended intake of the WCRF/AICR. Based on this result, it is necessary to promote consumption of kimchi in the Korean population and research the development of low sodium kimchi in the future.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.407-414
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• 2013

본 연구는 '만풍배'의 생육단계 및 괘대 유무에 따른 과실의 해부학적 차이를 알아보고, 수확기 과실의 품질 및 착색특성 관찰을 통하여 '만풍배'의 생리적 특징을 이해하기 위하여 수행되었다. 만개기의 과실구조는 바깥쪽으로부터 외표피층, 아표피층, 유조직층, 내표피층으로 구성되어 있으며 아표피층을 이루는 세포 층수는 만개기부터 만개 후 77일까지 9-13층까지 최대로 증가하여 '만풍배'의 세포 분열 기간은 만개 후 77일까지로 조사되었다. 이 기간 동안 아표피층에서 유관속조직까지의 두께는 $73.1{\mu}m$부터 $195{\mu}m$까지 증가하였다. 석세포는 만개 후 7일부터 관찰되어 만개 후 49일에는 석세포군이 형성되어 있었다. 코르크층은 만개 후 49-77일 사이에 형성되었다. 성숙기인 만개 후 161일 '만풍배' 과실의 과피는 바깥쪽부터 코르크층은 4.5층, 아표피층은 7개의 세포층으로 구성되어 있었고 아표피층에는 탄닌이 분포해 있었다. '만풍배'의 괘대 유무에 따른 과실비대 및 조직발달을 비교한 결과, 괘대 초기에는 코르크층이 유대재배구에서 더 빨리 생겨나는 것으로 관찰되었으나 성숙기에는 3층 정도 무대재배구에서 더 두꺼워지는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 석세포군의 크기는 두 실험구 모두 불균일하게 분포되어 있었으며 과중은 무대재배구에서 더 높았으나 수확기의 당도는 괘대 유무에 따른 차이를 보이지 않았다. '만풍배'의 수확기 과중 등급은 301g부터 900g 이상까지 분포하였고, 그 중 551-800g의 과실이 총 수확량의 71.6%로 가장 많았으며 이 범위의 평균 과중은 677.2g이었다. 과실품질은 가용성 고형물 함량 $10.1-12.1^{\circ}Brix$, 산도 0.10-1.24%, 당산비 9.76-14.31로 분포하였으며 과중과 가용성 고형물 함량은 매우 높은 정의 상관관계를 나타내어 과실 크기가 클수록 가용성 고형물 함량도 높았다. 반면에 경도는 과중 및 가용성 고형물 함량과 높은 부의 상관관계를 나타내어 과실크기가 클수록 낮은 경향을 나타냈다. 과피의 황갈색 부분과 녹색 부분을 구분하여 코르크층 수와 함께 엽록소 함량을 조사한 결과, 코르크층은 황갈색 부분은 3.8층, 녹색부분은 3.5층으로 거의 차이를 보이지 않았으나 엽록소 함량은 녹색부분이 많은 것으로 조사되었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.517-526
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• 2023

만생종 'Fuji' 사과(Malus × domestica)는 과피 착색에 따라 수확시기가 가변적인 품종이다. Ethephon은 ethylene 발생을 촉진하는 식물생장조절제로 사과나무를 포함한 호흡급등형 과수작물의 과실 성숙과 관련된 생리적 반응을 유도한다. 본 연구는 'Fuji'/M.26 사과의 경제적이고 안정적인 수확기 조절 방법을 제시하고자 과실 비대생장 종료 후 ethephon 단용처리와 ethephon 및 염화칼슘 혼합처리가 과실특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 과실 비대생장이 종료된 만개 후 145일에 100 mg/L ethephon과 100 mg/L ethephon 및 0.5% 염화칼슘 혼합용액을 분무처리 후 10일 주기로 과실특성을 조사하였다. Ethephon 단용처리구와 ethephon 및 염화칼슘 혼합처리구 모두 만개 후 155일부터 전분함량이 감소되어 과실성숙이 촉진되었으며, 수확 10일 전 전분함량은 대조구의 수확기 전분함량과 유사하였다. 과피 착색은 ethephon 및 염화칼슘 혼합처리구에서 ethephon 단용처리구보다 착색률이 낮았으나 대조구보다는 높았다. 과실 평균 경도는 ethephon 단용처리구가 가장 낮았으며, ethephon 및 염화칼슘 혼합처리구는 대조구와 유사하였다. 수확기 당산비는 세 처리구 간에 유의한 차이는 없었으나 수확 10일 전 ethephon 단용처리구와 ethephon 및 염화칼슘 혼합처리구의 적정산도가 대조구보다 유의적으로 낮았다. 특히 2021년 수확 10일 전 ethephon 단용처리구와 ethephon 및 염화칼슘 혼합처리구의 당산비는 수확기 당산비와 유사하였다. 따라서 'Fuji'/M.26의 과실 비대생장이 종료된 시점에 100 mg/L ethephon과 0.5% 염화칼슘 혼합처리를 통해 과실성숙과 과피 착색을 수확기보다 10일 촉진할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.