• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.247-256
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• 1999

The present study was performed to improve the reproductive disturbance as well as the elimination of microbiological contamination for animals bred under conventional conditions followed by in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer techniques including embryo and sperm freezing, using a mouse strain(M. m. molossinus-tt＠Kist) showing the abnormal behavior disorder derived from Korean wild mice (Mus musculus molossinus). Moreover, hematological and serum biochemical analyses were also carried out to obtain the basic data of this mouse strain The results are summarized as follows: 1. In comparison with hematological data, the numbers of RBC and platelet of this mouse strain were appeared as the higher value those that of the same aged inbred strains such as BALB/c, DBA/2, C57BL/6 and C3H /Hen. However, no differences were found in values of WBC, Hb and Ht. Moreover, total cholesterol of this strain showed a low value but triglyceride, total protein and albumin values were similar as in inbred strains. 2. The average numbers of superovulated oocytes treated with 2.5/2.5 IU and 5.0/5.0 IU of PMSG/hCG were 11.6 and 12.7, respectively. The fertilization rates of 2.5/2.5 IU PMSG /hCG treatment(87.9%) was higher than 5.0/5.0 IU treatment(52.0%) (p＜0.05) and the developmental rate of 2 cell stage embryos were 외 so appeared as higher value 99.0% and 90.6%, respectively. 3. The rates of in vitro fertilization treated with frozen sperm(24.8%) was significantly lower than of that fresh sperm(87.9%), (p＜0.05). 4. The five, six and ten heads of offspring were obtained from frozen-thawed 2 cell embryos by in vitro fertilized, 2 cell embryos from in vitro fertilized by frozen-thawed spermatozoa. and 2 cell embryos by in vitro fertilization, respectively. These offspring developed the expected disease about 2 weeks after birth, which was confirmed that the disease character of this mutant mouse strain was reliably reproduced. 5. MHV(Mouse hepatitis virus) and Staphylococcus aureus were successfully eliminated from conventional animals by in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer and the use of SPF recipient animals.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.277-282
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• 2015

Cryopreservation affects osmotic tolerance and intracellular ion concentration through changes in expression levels of water and ion channels. Control of these changes is important for cell survival after cryopreservation. Relatively little is known about changes in $K^+$ channel expression compared to water channel expression. This study was performed to investigate changes in TASK-2 channel (KCNK5: potassium channel, subfamily K, member 5), a member of two-pore domain $K^+$ channel family, in cryopreserved mouse ovaries. Cryopreservation increased TASK-2 mRNA expression in mouse ovaries. In addition, TASK-2 protein expression was upregulated in vitrified and slowly frozen ovaries. TASK-2 protein was expressed in all area of granulosa cells that surround the oocyte within the follicle, except nucleus. Viability of cells overexpressed with TASK-2 was higher than that of vector-transfected cells. Our results found that TASK-2 expression was increased by cryopreservation and overexpression of TASK-2 decreased cryopreservation-induced cell death. These results suggest that TASK-2 upregulation might reduce cryodamage.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.541-548
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• 1989

The present study was carried out to determine viral antigens and its morphogenesis in the ultrathin frozen and araldite sections of cell cultures infected with ADV by protein A-gold labeling. ADV antigens were labeled with 10nm gold probes, and electron-dense gold particles were mainly present on viral nucleocapsids and viral envelopes. Immunogold labeling in the ultracryosections showed a very low degree of interaction with tissue structures. Immunogold labeling in the ultrathin cryosections can be useful tool for the detection of ADV antigens, and the technique also may provide its great potential for immunocytochemical studies on various virus-host cell Interactions.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.sup3
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• pp.279-285
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• 2016

It has been established that different kinds of bacteria agents are involved in various cancers. Although the mechanism of tumorigenesis is not clearly understood, there is evidence for the presence of bacteria within tumors, with at least a progression effect for some bacteria that prepare suitable microenvironments for tumor cell growth. The aim of current study was to evaluate bacterial dysbiosis in sentinel lymph nodes of breast cancer patients. One hundred and twenty three fresh-frozen sentinel lymph nodes and a corresponding number of normal adjacent breast tissue specimens and five normal mastectomy samples were investigated employing RT-PCR. In addition using genus-specific primers were applied. There was a significant differences as presence of Methylobacterium radiotolerance DNA recorded between patients and normal control group (p= 0.0). Based on our research work, further studies into the role of microbes in breast cancer would be of great interest.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.73-78
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• 1999

Although there are several methods for the preparation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from mammalian tissues, most are relatively long ultracentrifugation or manipulations by a small-scale method. We escribed a rapid method for large-scale extraction of mtDNA from human placental and horse liver tissues. The method is based on the preparation and homogenization of tissues, urification of crude mitochondria by differential centrifugations and isolation of mtDNA by alkaline Iysis. It was improved from Pre-existing methods by replacing some steps with simpler ones and discarding many others. This method gives a high yield of pure mtDNA(approximately 1-5mg from one placenta; ca. 400-600 g wet weight), depending on its sources (fresh tissue gave better results than frozen one). The resulting mtDNA indicated that this method can yield mtDNA in sufficient purity and quantity to identify the direct restriction analysis on agarose gel, random-primed labeling as a probe, and end labeling. Therefore, the method is ideal for obtaining good mtDNA samples to conduct routine restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses of natural populations for genetic studies.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.87-95
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• 2012

Anti-neurodegenerative activities of aqueous extract from propolis were investigated. The aqueous extracts showed strong antioxidant activities in malondialdehyde (MDA) assay, and it effectively inhibited lipid peroxidation. In addition, the aqueous extract presented protective effects against $H_2O_2-induced$ neurotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. Our study verified that the aqueous extract has strong antioxidant activity and neuronal cell protective effect which is correlated with its total phenolics (290.75 mg GAE/g) including p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid and gallic acid. These phenolics of propolis may reduce the risk of neurodegenerative disorders, and can be utilized as effective and safe resources of functional food.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.333-336
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• 2021

Verrucous carcinoma (VC) is a rare subtype of squamous cell carcinoma that commonly occurs in the oral cavity. However, VC of the facial skin is relatively rare. We report a case of a 91-year-old woman with VC of the facial skin in the left zygoma area. She was diagnosed with actinic keratosis (4×3 cm) of the same site approximately 12 years previously, but declined further treatment. The mass was excised with a minimum of 0.4 cm from gross margins with the result of free from tumor of all margins by frozen section, allowing for primary closure after skin undermining. Basal resection was performed in the preplatysmal plane. The diagnosis of VC was confirmed by histopathological examination. Postoperatively, the wound healed without incident and with no signs of facial nerve injury. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of VC of facial skin arising from actinic keratosis.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2001

Objectives: This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of embryonic stage, cryoprotectant, and freezing-thawing method on the rates of survival and development of the cryopreserved mouse early embryo and finally to establish the cryopreservation method of surplus embryos obtained during assisted reproductive technology (ART). Materials and Methods: Two to eight cell embryos were obtained from oviducts of mated $F_1$ hybrid female mice superovulated by pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Two-step 1,2-propanediol (PROH), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and 4-step PROH DMSO were used as cryoprotectant and dehydration and rehydration method of embryos, and slow-cooling or rapid-cooling method was used as frozen program. The survival rates of embryos were measured after thawing and rehydration, and the developmental rates of embryos were compared and observed during culturing embryos for 24, 48, 72, 96 hrs. Results: As for the survival and development rates of embryos according to embryonic stage, the survival rate of 2 cell stage in PROH and DMSO was significantly higher than 4-8 cell (64.5% versus 62.1 %,79.7% versus 73.2%) (p<0.01, p<0.01), but the development rates of 4-8 cell embryos in PROH and DMSO were significantly higher than 2 cell embryos for whole culture period (p<0.01) and the development rates of 4-8 cell embryos in PROH were significantly higher than 2 cell embryos in DMSO (p<0.01). As for the survival and development rates of embryos according to cryoprotectant, the survival rate of 2 cell embryo in DMSO was significantly higher than that in PROH (74.4% versus 64.5%) (p<0.01), whereas the development rate of embryos was not differ till 24 hrs. The developmen1 rate from morular to hatching blastocyst, however, was significantly higher in PROH than in DMSO during 48 hr (p<0.01). The survival rate of 4-8 cell embryo was 62.1% in PROH and 73.2% in DMSO. The development rates of embryo in PROH were significantly higher for whole culture periods (p<0.01, 0.05). In respect to the effect of freezing and thawing program on the survival and development rates of embryos, method of slow cooling and rapid thawing was more effective than that of rapid cooling and rapid thawing. Conclusions: The survival rate of embryo in 2 cell stage was higher than in 4-8 cell stage, and PROH appears more effective cryoprotectant than DMSO because PROH showed better development rates of embryos in 2 and 4-8 cell stage. Moreover, slow cooling and rapid thawing method was considered as the best cryopreservation program.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.386-389
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• 2008

Lung parenchyma is a common organ for metastases of extrathoracic tumors, but endobronchial metastasis is very rare. In this report, we present a case of endobronchial metastases from renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and this was managed by performing operative resection. A 63-year-old man presented with frequent dry cough; he had previously undergone left nephrectomy and postoperative chemotherapy for grade 2 RCC eight years ago. Computed tomography and bronchoscopy showed an endobronchial tumor from the left lower lobe bronchus to the second carina, and this mass was diagnosed as a necrotic tissue with chronic inflammation at biopsy. During the operation, the mass was revealed to be a metastatic renal cell carcinoma on the frozen section diagnosis and there was no mucosal invasion on the resection margin of the left lower lobe bronchus. We performed lobectomy of the left lower lobe with systemic dissection of the mediastinal lymph nodes. The final histopathologic diagnosis of the endobrochial mass was metastatic RCC and any mediastinal lymph node metastasis was not found. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 10 without any postoperative complications.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.793-799
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• 2015

The market sales of premium ice cream have paralleled the growth in consumer desire for rich flavor and taste. Storage temperature is a major consideration in preserving the quality attributes of premium ice cream products for both the manufacturer and retailers during prolonged storage. We investigated the effect of storage temperature (−18℃, −30℃, −50℃, and −70℃) and storage times, up to 52 wk, on the quality attributes of premium ice cream. Quality attributes tested included ice crystal size, air cell size, melting resistance, and color. Ice crystal size increased from 40.3 µm to 100.1 µm after 52 wk of storage at −18℃. When ice cream samples were stored at −50℃ or −70℃, ice crystal size slightly increased from 40.3 µm to 57-58 µm. Initial air cell size increased from 37.1 µm to 87.7 µm after storage at −18℃ for 52 wk. However, for storage temperatures of −50℃ and −70℃, air cell size increased only slightly from 37.1 µm to 46-47 µm. Low storage temperature (−50℃ and −70℃) resulted in better melt resistance and minimized color changes in comparison to high temperature storage (−18℃ and −30℃). In our study, quality changes in premium ice cream were gradually minimized according to decrease in storage temperature up to−50℃. No significant beneficial effect of −70℃ storage was found in quality attributes. In the scope of our experiment, we recommend a storage temperature of −50℃ to preserve the quality attributes of premium ice cream.