• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

Collaborative research and development (R&D) has been encouraged based on the belief that knowledge spill-over is mutually beneficial for partners. Although the benefits are supported by science and technology policy research, the risk of R&D collaboration has not been extensively discussed. Two independent studies suggest that there are risks associated with the overuse of collaborative research frameworks. Two sets of R&D collaboration data were analyzed: between the national bio-technology research program and 1) Data Envelop Analysis (DEA), and 2) between Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). In the case of SFA, output measures were integrated into a single output, with weights extracted from research programme managers' responses to the questionnaire. While the DEA result demonstrated the inefficiency of collaborative research, SFA did not. Unlike previous research highlighting risks associated with disclosing proprietary R&D and potential conflict of interest, our study indicates that the transaction's social cost affects collaborative research efficiency. Therefore, governments promoting R&D collaborations should be carefully managed, and policy makers must reconsider the strict conditions governing compulsory collaborative R&D programs.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.32-35
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• 2011

This research would be the first step toward in the long processes of proton technology industrial cluster development by focusing on the region's readiness and acceptability of the proton technology project. As is shown in our questionnaire survey, the top priorities needed to consider for the Proton Technology project are found to be job creation (mean 3.74), regional economic development (mean 3.72), industry infrastructure(3.54), institution for science and education(3.53), economic inequalities(3.33), tourism industry revitalization(3.20). For public servants top priorities in order found to be regional economic development, job creation, industry infrastructure, institution for science and education, economic inequalities, tourism industry revitalization. Universities' priorities in order found to be job creation, regional economic development, institution for science and education, industry infrastructure, economic inequalities, tourism industry revitalization. The mean reliability score for the each party was found to be mayor((3.04), citizens(2.99), province(2.97), private corporation(2.96), and universities((2.93). Of particular note, the mean score except the mayor were all below median (3.00). province(3.24), city council member(3.20), public employees (3.09), private corporation(3.03), nonprofit organization (2.97), mass media (2.96), citizens(2.96), and universities(2.89). The universities and colleges also should revise their strategic plans and thus restructure their internal academic programs, and must develop their own collaborative programs with Proton Engineering Frontier Project, related industries, city, and other government units. Not only educating, training, and providing top-notched man powers to the proton technology industries will be one of their primary missions.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.1599-1612
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• 2012

이 연구의 목적은 2009 개정 교육과정에 따라 고등학교에 도입된 소위 융합형 과학의 운영 실태와 1년간 융합형 과학을 수업한 교사들의 과학 내용 및 수업에 대한 인식을 알아보는 것이었다. 수업을 운영하는 방식은 1명의 교사가 모든 단원을 수업하는 것 보다 2명 이상의 교사가 전공별로 나누어 수업하는 비율이 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 융합형 과학의 내용에 대한 교사들의 인식을 분석한 결과, 융합형 과학 교과서가 교육과정 내용을 잘 반영하였다는 인식이 높게 나타났으나, 첨단과학 내용을 설명하기 위해 도입된 용어나 개념의 수준이 높아 자신의 전공과 다른 영역의 내용을 가르치는 것이 어렵다고 응답하였다. 교사들은 융합형 과학을 지도할 때 과학적 소양 함양을 가장 중요하게 생각하고 있었으나 평가는 개념위주로 이루어지고 있어, 종전의 평가관을 그대로 유지하고 있는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.479-490
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• 2014

In this study, we investigated the characteristics of the reading materials in the elementary school science textbooks in order to obtain implications for the effective use of them. The reading materials in the elementary school science textbooks developed under the 7th and the 2007 revised National Science Curricula were analyzed. The criteria for classifying the reading materials were the type of theme, purpose, students' activity, the type of presentation, the type of images, the role of images, and readability. The results indicated that the reading materials in the 2007 revised science textbooks are more systematic than those in the 7th science textbooks in terms of their length and their distribution among energy, matter, life, and earth areas. It was also found that various types of reading materials are presented in the 2007 revised science textbooks covering new themes such as frontier science, job opportunity and career, and environment. In addition, the reading materials in the 2007 revised science textbooks introduce more visual images and the readability of them are also better than their counterpart. However, several limitations were still found to exist in the reading materials of the 2007 revised textbooks; most of them are non-inquiry and explanatory; most of the visual images are illustration and/or pictures. Educational implications are discussed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.3553-3560
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• 2010

A new hydrazone derivative compound has been synthesized and characterized by IR, $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR and UV-vis. spectroscopy techniques, elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). The new compound crystallizes in monoclinic space group C2/c. In addition to the crystal structure from X-ray experiment, the molecular geometry, vibrational frequencies and frontier molecular orbitals analysis of the title compound in the ground state have been calculated by using the HF/6-31G(d, p), B3LYP/6-311G(d, p) and B3LYP/6-31G(d, p) methods. The computed vibrational frequencies are used to determine the types of molecular motions associated with each of the observed experimental bands. To determine conformational flexibility, molecular energy profile of (1) was obtained by semi-empirical (AM1) calculation with respect to a selected degree of torsional freedom, which was varied from $-180^{\circ}$ to $+180^{\circ}$ in steps of $10^{\circ}$. Molecular electrostatic potential of the compound was also performed by the theoretical method.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.424-439
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• 2017

This study was undertaken to examine the profit efficiency and its determining factors, the investment opportunity, and the challenges of shea butter producers in the northern region of Ghana. The methods employed in this research were the Stochastic Profit Frontier (SPF) model, gain-cost and investment return analyses, as well as Kendall's W statistic using primary data collected from 120 purposively-selected respondents. Results from the analysis indicated that profit efficiency was positively influenced by sex, household size, marital status, educational level, transportation cost, store rent, and price of shea nut with a gain in profit efficiency of 58.5%. The investment analysis demonstrated a net gain per person of $8,077 equivalent to GH₵ 28,270 Ghanaian cedi (GH₵) using 2016 exchange rate (GH₵ 3.5 = $1). Among the challenges identified, the poor quality of shea nuts was the most prioritised challenge with 72.8% agreement among the respondents. Based on these findings, it was recommended that proper training and education, as well as improvement in shea nut quality, should be promoted to improve the profit efficiency of shea butter producers.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.106-119
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• 2012

이 연구에서는 5개 대학부설 과학영재교육원의 중등 화학반 교재를 고안한 분석틀에 의해 비교 분석하였고, N대학교 부설 과학영재교육원 학생들의 설문 조사를 통하여 영재 교육 프로그램의 내용과 운영에 대한 학생들의 인식을 조사하였다. 이를 토대로 올바른 영재교육에 대한 시사점을 찾고자 하였다. 고안한 분석틀은 교재 내용, 활동의 유형, 활동의 수준, 실험 활동의 개방도, 창의적 사고력 유형 등 6가지 범주에 따른 준거로 구성되었다. 교재분석결과 대체로 단원 내용이 적절하게 배분되어 이루어졌지만 첨단과학이나 융합과학 등의 내용이 부족했다. 활동의 유형은 대부분이 강의나 실험활동으로 다양한 활동들로 이루어진 프로그램이 개발되어야 할 것이다. 또한 지적 선행 학습이나 과학적 사고력 증진을 위한 학습활동의 비율이 높았다. 활동의 수준 분석 결과 창의적 활동이 매우 부족했고 실험활동의 개방도에서는 2수준 이상의 활동 비율이 낮았다. 그리고 창의적 사고력 유형분석에서는 확산적 사고력과 연관적 사고력을 촉진하는 활동이 부족함을 보였다. 진정한 영재교육이 이루어지기 위해서는 과학영재교육 프로그램 개발이 요구된다. 리커트 방식의 설문지와 면담을 통해 분석한 프로그램 내용에 대한 응답은 전반적으로 N대학교 부설 영재교육원 프로그램의 내용과 자신의 능력향상, 운영방식 등에 매우 긍정적인 반응을 보였다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2022

The assembly of the micron-sized Si/CNT/carbon composite wrapped with graphene (SCG composite) is designed and synthesized via a spray drying process. The spherical SCG composite exhibits a high discharge capacity of 1789 mAh g^-1 with an initial coulombic efficiency of 84 %. Moreover, the porous architecture of SCG composite is beneficial for enhancing cycling stability and rate capability. In practice, a blended electrode consisting of spherical SCG composite and natural graphite with a reversible capacity of ~500 mAh g^-1, shows a stable cycle performance with high cycling efficiencies (> 99.5%) during 100 cycles. These superior electrochemical performance are mainly attributed to the robust design and structural stability of the SCG composite during charge and discharge process. It appears that despite the fracture of micro-sized Si particles during repeated cycling, the electrical contact of Si particles can be maintained within the SCG composite by suppressing the direct contact of Si particles with electrolytes.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2009

This paper introduces quantitative tools for evaluating the relative efficiency of Career & Counseling Jobs in universities. As tools, it uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) developed by Charnes and Cooper. It finally selects 29 DMUs which are listed on the Ministry Of Education, Science And Technology(http://academyinfo.go.kr). We measures the technical efficiency of each DMU with the use of DEA-CRS, rather then DEA-VRS because DEA-CRS not only compares relative efficiencies but also implicitly considers economies of scale based on the assumption of linearity. We run a linear programming model Frontier Analyst Program for the estimation of the relative efficiencies of each DMU. The model also indicates the precise amount of inefficiencies for each input, which mean how much inputs are wasted for a given output and how much the university is inefficiently operated. This analysis helps to give guideline for the organization to construct a futureoriented operational strategy and also to show clear picture of contents of mismanagement for the past. The details of mismanagement are to be identified, analysed and finally corrected.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2009년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.12.1-12.1
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• 2009

Nano-hydroxyapatite (N-HAp)has shown the pivotal role in producing bone-regenerative materials since it has similarity to natural bone minerals in terms of size, morphology, and the composition. Currently, the combination of biopolymers and N-HAp is recognizedas an attractive approach in generating hybrid scaffolds for bone tissueengineering. Surface engineering is an important issue since it determines whether cells can effectively adhere and proliferate on porous scaffolds. We aim to develop a synthetic approach to porous 3D scaffolds by immobilizing N-HAp on pore surfaces. The discrete nano-level anchoring of N-HAp on the scaffold pore surface is achieved using surface-repellent stable colloidal N-HAp with surface phosphate functionality. This rational surface engineering enables surface-anchored N-HAp to express its overall intrinsic bioactivity,since N-HAp is not phase-mixed with the polymers. The porous polymer scaffolds with surface-immobilized N-HAp provide more favorable environments thanconventional bulk phase-mixed polymer/N-HAp scaffolds in terms of cellular interaction and growth. In vitro biological evaluation using alkalinephosphatase activity assay supports that immobilized N-HAp on pore surfaces of polymer scaffolds contributed to the more enhanced in vitro osteogenicpotential. Besides, the scaffolds with surface-exposed N-HAp provide favorable environments for enhanced in vivo bone tissue growth, estimated by characteristic biomarkers of bone formation such as collagen. The results suggest that newly developed hybrid scaffolds with surface-immobilized N-HApmay serve as a useful 3D substrate with pore surfaces featuring excellent bonetissue-regenerative properties. Acknowledgement. This research was supported by a grant (code #: 2009K000430) from 'Center for Nanostructured Materials Technology' under '21st Century Frontier R&D Programs' of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Korea.