• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.296-303
• /
• 2003

In this paper, a design method is proposed for the reflection type phase shifter applied to the DTV(Digital TV) receiver, and a phase shifter is designed by using the design equations to satisfy the phase shifting range over 180 degrees for frequency range from 470 MHz to 860 MHz, the receiving band of DTV. From the proposed method, it is possible that the systematic design of the reflection type phase shifter with desired phase shifting range and insertion loss. In addition, it is found that the realized phase shifter satisfies the given specifications.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.694-697
• /
• 2016

Up-converted phase noise, which is induced by the low-frequency relative intensity noise (RIN) of a laser through AM-PM conversion within a photodetector (PD), is first measured here by means of a cross-correlation method. Our proposed measurement system can isolate the RIN-induced phase noise from noise contributions of other components, such as amplifiers, modulators, and mixers. In particular, shot noise and thermal noise generated from the PD are also suppressed by this method, so that standalone characteristics of the RIN-induced phase noise can be obtained. Experimental results clearly show the quantitative relationship between the RIN-induced phase noise and the incident optical power of the PD. Our findings indicate that the least RIN-induced phase noise appeared at the saturation point of the PD, which is about -162 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.289-297
• /
• 2021

We describe a comb-mode resolving spectroscopic technique by direct time-domain phase correction of unstable interferograms obtained from loosely locked two femtosecond lasers. A low-cost continuous wave laser and conventional repetition rate stabilization method were exploited for locking carrier and envelope phase of interferograms, respectively. We intentionally set the servo control at low bandwidth, resulting in severe interferograms' fluctuation to demonstrate the capability of the proposed correction method. The envelope phase of each interferogram was estimated by a quadratic fit of carrier peaks to correct timing fluctuation of interferograms in the time domain. After envelope phase correction on individual interferograms, we successfully demonstrated 1 Hz linewidth of RF comb-mode over 200 GHz optical spectral-bandwidth with 10-times signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) enhancement compared to the spectrum without correction. Besides, the group delay difference between two femtosecond pulses is successfully estimated through a linear slope of phase information.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.941-955
• /
• 2015

In dual-channel networks (DCNs), all frequency hopping (FH) sequences used for data channels are chosen from the original FH sequence used for the control channel by shifting different initial phases. As the number of data channels increases, the hitting frequency point problem becomes considerably serious because DCNs is non-orthogonal synchronization network and FH sequences are non-orthogonal. The increasing severity of the hitting frequency point problem consequently reduces the resource utilization efficiency. To solve this problem, we propose a novel hitting frequency point collision avoidance method, which consists of a sequence-selection strategy called sliding correlation (SC) and a collision avoidance strategy called keeping silent on hitting frequency point (KSHF). SC is used to find the optimal phase-shifted FH sequence with the minimum number of hitting frequency points for a new data channel. The hitting frequency points and their locations in this optimal sequence are also derived for KSHF according to SC strategy. In KSHF, the transceivers transmit or receive symbol information not on the hitting frequency point, but on the next frequency point during the next FH period. Analytical and simulation results demonstrate that unlike the traditional method, the proposed method can effectively reduce the number of hitting frequency points and improve the efficiency of the code resource utilization.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.653-660
• /
• 2001

In this paper, we designed 2303.15MHz frequency synthesizer for the purpose of the phase noise prediction. For the modeling of phase noise generated in the designed system through introducing the noise-modeling method suggested by Lascari we analyzed a variation of phase noise as according as that of offset frequency. Especially, for the third-order system of the PLL among some kinds of phase noise generated from VCO we analyzed the aspect of 1/f-noise appearing troubles in the low frequency band. Since it is difficult to analyze mathematically 1/f-noise in the third-order system of the PLL, introducing the concept of pseudo-damping factor has made an ease of the access of the 1/f-noise variance. we showed a numerical formula of 1/f-noise variance in the third-order system of the PLL which is compared with that of 1/f-noise variance in the second-order system of the PLL. As a result, In case of txco we found the reduce rapidly along the offset frequency after passed through that phase-noise was -160dBc/Hz before passed through a loop at 10kHz offset frequency and -162.6705dBc/kHz after passed through the loop, -180dBc/Hz at 100kHz offset frequency and -560dBc/kHz after passed through the loop. We can notice that the variance of third-order system more occurs (or the variance of second-order system in connection with noise bandwidth and variance factor of second-order and third-order system.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.40-50
• /
• 1994

In this paper, the sensitivity compensation method for three-dimensional acoustic intensity probe in the higher frequency range has been studied. The measurement error in the higher frequency range is generated from the phase mismatch between microphone's signals of the probe. If the wavelength of sound signal measured is less than those of the distance between microphones of the probe, that is, the higher frequency of the sound signal, the bigger measurement error is generated. In this study, we proposed the compensation methods for one-dimensional acoustic intensity probe with two-microphones, and the efficiency of those methods were investigated by numerical calculation of computer. It was most effective method to compensate the phase mismatch between microphone for the acoustic intensity probe was investigated for the sound estimated. and the efficiency of this method in a three-dimensional probe was investigated for the sound wave travelling in the arbitrary direction by numerical calculation of computer. In this result, the efficiency was proved that, for the measurement error of 1dB or less with the three-dimensional probe of 60mm space, the frequency should be less than 1.2kHz without the error compensation method, but the frequency increased up to 2.8kHz with the error compensation method.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.23-26
• /
• 1999

The Langmuir adsorption isotherm at the $(Pt)/0.1M\;H_2SO_4$ electrolyte interface has been qualitatively analyzed using the ac impedance measurement and phase-shift method. The phase shift $(\phi)$ depends on both the cathode potential (E<0) and frequency (f) and is inversely proportional to the factional surface coverage $(\theta)$. At an intermediate frequency band (ca. $1\~100$ Hz), the phase-shift profile $(\phi\;vs.\;E)$ can be related to the fractional surface coverage $(\theta\;vs.\;E)$. The phase-shift profile $(\phi\;vs.\;E)$ can be used as an experimental method to estimate and analyze the Langmuir adsorption isotherm $(\theta\;vs.\;E)$. The equilibrium constant (K) and the standard free energy $({\Delta}G_{ads})$ of the adsorbed hydrogen atom $(H_{ads})\;and\;3\times10^{-4}$ and 20.1 kJ/mol, respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.21 no.11
• /
• pp.1275-1284
• /
• 2010

100 MHz bandwidth and 1 Gbit/s data speed are needed in LTE-advanced for the next generation mobile communication system. Therefore, spectrum aggregation method has been studied recently to extend usable frequency bands. Also bandwidth utilization is increased since vacant frequencies are used to communicate. However, transceiver structure requires the digital RF and SDR. Therefore, frequency synthesizer and PA must operate over wide-bandwidth and RF impairments also increases in transceiver. Uplink of LTE advanced uses DFT-S OFDM using plural power amplifier. The effect of ICI increases in frequency domain of receiver due to phase noise and IQ imbalance. In this paper, we analyze influences of ICI in frequency domain of receiver considering phase noise and IQ imbalance in multiband system. Also, we separate phase noise and IQ imbalance effect from channel response in frequency domain of uplink system. And we propose a method to estimate the channel exactly and to compensate IQ imbalance and phase noise. Simulation result shows that the proposed method achieves the 2 dB performance gain of BER=$10^{-4}$.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
• /
• v.1997 no.05
• /
• pp.379-382
• /
• 1997

A method for measuring optical properties of biological medium was investigated by using the frequency domain spectroscopy. When amplitude-modulated light with the frequency of several tens up to several hundred MHz propagates through a scattering medium, the phase lag and the amplitude reduction occur. The phase lag depends on the average of optical path lengths. The amplitude reduction with respect to the radial distance is influenced by the penetration depth. The mean of optical path length and penetration depth are related to optical coefficients. The phase lag and the amplitude reduction were measured based on the heterodyne detection method. The experimental data were fitted with the theoretical curves derived from diffusion theory and the absorption and scattering coefficients were calculated.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.512-521
• /
• 2016

Cascaded H-bridge multilevel (CHBML) inverters usually include a large number of isolated dc-voltage sources. Some faults in the dc-voltage sources result in unequal cell dc voltages. Unfortunately, the conventional phase-shifted carrier (PSC) PWM method that is widely used for CHBML inverters cannot eliminate low frequency sideband harmonics when the cell dc voltages are not equal. This paper analyzes the principle of sideband harmonic elimination, and proposes an improved PSCPWM that can eliminate low frequency sideband harmonics under the condition of unequal dc voltages. In order to calculate the carrier phases, it is necessary to solve transcendental equations for low frequency sideband harmonic elimination. Therefore, an approach based on the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is presented in this paper. The proposed PSCPWM method enhances the reliability of CHBML inverters. The proposed PSCPWM is not limited to CHBML inverters. It can also be applied to other types of multilevel inverters. Simulation and experimental result obtained from a prototype CHBML inverter verify the theoretical analysis and the achievements made in this paper.