• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study were to measure the effect of factors analyse the associated by the oral health behaviors and dental health services utilization factors of dental caries in the middle-school student's and then to provide basic material of preventive oral health and oral health education program. Methods: This subject of study consists of 342 middle schools each 1,2,3 grade Daegu city. The data were collected from July 2 to 30, 2009. by way of the self-reported questionnaire. The data materials are analyzed by demographic characteristics, oral health behaviors and dental health services utilization of frequency analysis, demographic characteristics of dental caries and oral health behaviors and dental health services utilization of one-way ANOVA analysis. Results: Brushing twice a day, which was the higher 69.3%, Students were trained received oral health education. Girls than boys dental caries teeth(DT) index (p<0.05), dental filling teeth(FT) index(p<0.00), dental experience caries teeth(DMFT) index(p<0.00) was higher than all three variables was a statistically significant. Oral health behavior of brushing twice a day 'once' dental caries teeth(DT) index was the highest, there was statistically significant difference (p<0.01), oral health education students experience a higher dental caries teeth(DT) index(p=0.36). dental health services utilization of preventive dental visits last one year when they did not have dental caries teeth(DT) index was higher (p=0.076) Conclusions: Oral health promotion is considered to adolescent as part of the oral health clinics school for elementary school students in the focus to middle school students and enhance.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.111-118
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• 2015

Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate the health belief model affecting the oral health behavior in middle and high school students. Methods: The subjects were 296 middle and high school students in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Incheon from February 15 to March 21, 2014. The students filled out the self-reported questionnaires after receiving informed consents. The instrument was adopted and revised from those of Kim & Hwang, and Choi & Joo. The questionnaire consisted of 4 questions of general characteristics, 9 questions of oral health status including subjective oral health status, frequency of tooth brushing, duration of tooth brushing, method of tooth brushing, use of oral health devices, dental clinic visit, scaling services, snack intake, and smoking. The oral health belief consisted of 25 questions including susceptibility, seriousness, barriers, benefit, and self-efficacy using Likert 5 scale. The reliability of Cronbach's alpha in the study was 0.725. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver 18.0 for frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, ${\chi}^2$-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient, simple regression, and binary logistic regression. Results: Oral health beliefs of middle and high school students affected the oral health behaviors. Susceptibility, barriers and self-efficacy also influenced on the oral health behaviors. In order to provide the best oral health education, susceptibility and self-efficacy are the primary factors to increase motivation because the motivation endows the students with correction of oral health behaviors that improve the knowledge, attitudes, and decrease barriers in oral hygiene. Conclusions: It is important to correct oral health behaviors in the middle and high school students by providing the continuing and systematic oral health education.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.533-546
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the oral health knowledge, attitude, behavior among 918 secondary students and their needs for oral health education in Seoul, Gyeonggi Province and Choongbuk Province. Methods : The collected data were analyzed by the statistical package SPSS 18.0, and frequency analysis, correlation analysis, crosstabs, t-test and ANOVA were utilized. Results : The girls proceeded the boys in oral health knowledge, and the high school students were ahead of the middle schoolers in oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior. Those who ever received oral health education surpassed the others who didn't in oral health knowledge and behavior(p<0.01). The students hoped to be provided with oral health education by dental hygienists during regular classroom hours once per semester, 30 minutes to one hour at a once, and their favorite ways of oral health education were videotape watching and practice. As for needs for oral health education, the middle school students had higher needs for that than the high schoolers, and the former's needs scores were above the average(p<0.05). Conclusions : There were differences among the students in oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior according to their school system, gender and oral health education experiences, but oral health education was provided without taking their differences into account. It was recommended, efficient oral health education programs should be developed by focusing on how to take care of and prevent oral diseases, and videotape watching and practice that were preferred by the secondary students should be included in the programs.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.24-35
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral health education program on the oral health knowledge, oral health behavior and oral hygiene status of elementary school students. The design of this study is nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest gesign. Data was collected between the 17th of June and 13th of July in 2002, and the Experimental group were 131 students of Y Elementary School. which was one of the two elementary schools in K City, Gyeongsangbuk-do, and the control group was 140 students of C Elementary School, which was similar to Y Elementary School in geographical and economical properties and size. As for research tools, the researcher developed tools of measuring oral health knowledge and oral health behavior by modifying the tools developed by Hye-Kyong Kim (2001), In-hyang Seo (1988), Ho-Youn Lee (2001), Hyeon-ja Jeon (1998). To measure oral hygiene status. the researcher applied a coloring agent to the surface of the teeth after brushing, rinsed the mouth, and calculated colored plaque on the surface of the teeth, which was recorded on a sheet and analyzed using the plaque index. The data analysis was done using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Chisquare test, t-test, ANCOVA, Two-way ANOVA, Simple main effects, One-way ANOVA, and Duncan. Using with SPSS WIN 10.0. The result of this study are summarized as follows: 1. The hypothesis was supported 'The elementary school students which was given oral health education program will shows higher oral health knowledge, oral health behavior, oral hygiene status then control group' 2. According to the result of verifying the hypothesis, 'The effect of oral health education program will be different between junior and senior' the hypothesis was partly supported To summarize result of this research, the experimental group, to which oral health education was given, was improved in oral health knowledge, oral health behavior and oral hygiene status compared to the control group, so the oral health education program was effective for the oral health of elementary school students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.83-92
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• 2002

This study was undertaken to verify various relations between dental health belief and related behaviors in mothers and children. Data for this study were obtained by 264 pairs of 1st and 3rd grade elementary school children and their mothers by self developed questionnaire, The questionnaires are made on the general socio-economical characteristics, the oral health knowledge and the behaviors relative to the oral health and oral health education as to how mothers implement the oral health related activities for their children, while for the children, the questionnaires have been measured relative to the oral health beliefs and health behaviors for the children. The obtained results have shown that mothers become with more ages, the usefulness to prevent children's oral diseases becomes lower, and as much as mothers have higher education level, the sensitivity relative to the oral diseases has been measured low. To the degree that the students live well in economical respect, it has been found that they placed more importance on the oral health. As much as the number of mothers tooth brushing becomes made more in a day, the tooth brushing of the children becomes more that much, and also has higher level of oral health beliefs. The number of children to see dentists has been found high, and to the extent of increasing frequency of visiting dental clinics. As the number of mothers tooth brushing education becomes made more frequent for the children. Also, as mothers put more restriction on the sugar intakes by the children, they placed higher importance on the oral health for their children. In conclusion oral health behavior in mothers' influence on dental health belief of their children, it has been reviewed necessary to activate more the mother-children joint oral health education and oral health projects that mothers and children take part together, as well as to study more in accurate and systematic approaches through more comprehensive and various subjects and elements further in the future.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.925-933
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• 2010

Objectives : This study aimed to research subjective recognition of oral health, oral disease prevention, and knowledge of oral health among high school students to provide basic data necessary to develop an oral health education program for helping them prevent oral diseases and improve oral health in the future. Methods : Respondents' general characteristics and knowledge of oral health were estimated at frequency and percentage, and chi-square $(x^2)$ test was carried out to make a comparison for subjective recognition of oral health and oral disease prevention by general characteristics. ANOVA was used to get scores concerning knowledge of oral health care by general characteristics, and Pearson correlation was used to analyze correlation between recognition of oral health, oral disease prevention, and knowledge of oral health. Results : The findings of the study were as follows: 1. The percentage of those who had visited a dental clinic (hospital) within the previous one year (p<0.01) and had a regular oral examination (p<0.05) was higher in female students than in male ones, and percentage of those who had experienced oral health education (p<0.01) and who had regular oral examination (p<0.001) was highest in 11th graders. The percentage of those who used oral health products (p<0.01) and had pit and fissure sealing (p<0.01) was significantly higher among low-grade students, and the percentage of those who had scaling (p<0.01) was significantly higher among high-grade students. 2. Knowledge of oral health management was higher in female students (12.6) than in male ones (11.2) (p<0.001). Conclusions : A systematic oral health education program is necessary to help high school students improve recognition, prevention, and knowledge concerning oral health care, and continuous attention and efforts must be given to activate continuous oral health care implemented at the elementary level by inducing secondary school students to go on with it.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.95-112
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• 2003

Objectives： Oral health care program for the elementary school children (ESOHCP) should be met the first priority because dental caries are highly sensitive and prevalent among them. This study was performed to enhance the efficiency of ESOHCP, and their oral health promotion. Methods： The Subjects were 346 students (3rd grade 163, 6th grade 185) of one elementary school in Busan. Dental IQ and actual oral health status； the decayed, mixing and filling teeth were checked through questionnaire and oral health examination from April to June 2002. Dental IQ was presented out of one hundred, and data analysis was done using SAS (ver 8.1) program. Results： The students' cognitive level about the causative and preventive factor of dental caries was relatively high. However, the practical aspects of preventive behavior - tooth brushing； three times per day (20％), three minutes per time (22％), oral health examination； one time per three months (10％) left much to be desired. And, only 27％ of the subjects had experienced in school oral health education. The mean level of dental IQ was 79 out of 100, and 51 ％ and 42％ of them had the decayed and teeth with filling, respectively, with the rate of DMFT 82％, DT 43％, FT 57％. The level of dental IQ was higher in case of having his (her) own tooth brush (p＝0.072), standard tooth brushing (p<0.001) three times per day, post meal, three minutes per time, present experience of oral health examination (p<0.001) and dental clinic visit (p<0.001). The grade of caries was more serious in case of 6th grade (p＝0.059), an absence of his (her) own tooth brush (p＝ 0.090), present experience of oral health examination (p＝0.021), and an absence of regular dental clinic visit (p＝0.003). The frequency of oral health examination (γ＝ 0.620), tooth brushing； times per day (γ＝0.445), post meal (γ＝0.355), expending times per brushing (γ＝0.352), right cognition to the treatment of caries (γ＝0.401), positive attitude to dental treatment (γ＝0.387), the frequency of dental clinic visit for the past one year (γ＝0.152) showed significant correlation with dental IQ. In the multivariate analysis, dental IQ was influenced by the frequency of oral health examination, right cognition to the cause of caries, times of teeth brushing per day, right cognition to the treatment of caries, etc., with adjusted R2＝0.857. Conclusion： Though the students' cognitive level about the causative and preventive factor of dental caries was high, the practical aspects of preventive behavior left much to be desired. Ant the current ESOHCP considered to be still inefficient. However, frequent dental visits had apparent correlation with hish level of dental IQ. The specialized and practical program should be needed for the efficient ESOHCP. Harmonized effort from educational, health and dental society is essential.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.269-282
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate attitudes toward and practice of oral health management among adults in the Gumi area. Health behavior especially drinking and smoking have been proven to affect the tissues around the teeth and increasing in importance. Thus the study set out to examine oral management according to drinking and smoking to suggest a need for education about oral health and provide basic data for oral health education. Methods : Total 226 subjects, who consist of 141 male adults and 85 female adults, in Gumi were asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire on October 24, 2009. Their answers to the items about general characteristics, health behavior, and oral health behavior were analyzed with the SPSS WIN 12.0 program. Results : 1. As for the frequency of visiting a dental clinic(hospital) for the last year, the non-movement group recorded higher frequency than the movement group, and the drinking group also did than the non-drinking group(p<0.05). 2. As for the experience and frequency of scaling, the female subjects were higher in the experience and frequency of scaling than their male counterparts. The older they got, the more they tended to have scaling. The married respondents had more experiences of scaling than the singles, and the non-drinking group was high in the experience of scaling(p<0.05). 3. As for the number, time, and method of toothbrushing a day, more women answered they brushed teeth three times or more per day than men; those who were in their forties were the highest in terms of the roll method, and those who were in their twenties were the highest in terms of toothbrushing time. The married group and the non-smoking group answered they brushed teeth in the roll method three times or more per day in higher percentage. And the non-drinking group was high in the roll method, which was statistically significant(p<0.05). 4. As for use and kinds of auxiliary oral hygiene devices, the female respondents used them more than their male counterparts. The older they became, the more they used them. The married group, the non-smoking group, and the non-drinking group used such devices a lot. The smoking group used dental floss most, and the non-smoking group used more kinds of such devices than the smoking group, which was statistically significant(p<0.05). Conclusion : Oral diseases can be prevented by adopting healthy and right oral management behavior. Using the findings of the study, more diverse programs about actual oral health education should be activated so that people can change their bad oral management and behavior and develop a habit of the right oral management attitude.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1221-1231
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the oral health behavior and examine closely the connection factor and plans oral health promotion. Methods : This survey was conducted on 370 high school students in Kyunggi-do Suwon from November 21 to 23, 2011. 352 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The collected data was analyzed using the statistical package SPSS WIN 15.0 using frequency, mean and standard deviation analysis, T-test, one-way ANOVA and Duncan's test correlation analysis. Results : The results state that 73.3% of students believe brushing teeth is very important and 26.7% of the students method of tooth brushing is up and down. for correct teeth brushing, they think choosing a brush is important(70.7%) also their brush shapes were uneven form(44.3%) and flat form(43.5%). 31.4% of students are using an oral hygiene device and 31.4% of students had received oral health education. 42.7% of female students get information about oral health from their dental clinics. 24.8% of male students receive information on oral health from parents and relatives. They think the best educator for oral health education will be a Dental hygienist(46.5%), or Dentist(48.0%). we found that a correlation between oral health interest, importance, knowledge and condition effect each other(p<.001). It means that if students have high oral health interest, oral care importance and oral health knowledge which can improve their oral health condition. Conclusions : The results of this study state that we need continuous oral health education systems and prevention programs to raise awareness among students and for the improvement of their oral health.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.217-226
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to find out differences in oral health status, defined as their oral health and oral health quality of life among the elderly depending on their income and education levels. Methods: This study used 922 senior citizens over 65 from the data (2015) of the 6th National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHNS). The regression analysis was adopted to identify factors affecting their oral health status which has effect on their oral health quality of life. The statistical package SPSS 21.0 was employed. Frequency analysis, chi-squared analysis and regression analysis were used, and the significance level or Cronbach's alpha value was 0.05. Results: Depending on income levels, there were differences in their oral health status as to whether they use oral hygiene products, take dental examinations, join private health-insurances, and delay dental treatments or not. And educational levels also made significant differences in their oral health status as to whether they smoke, drink alcohol, how many times they brush teeth a day, whether they use oral hygiene products, take dental treatments, and join private health-insurances. Regression analysis on the relationship between their oral health status and the oral health quality of life showed that there were significant differences depending on whether they take dental treatments, delay dental medical treatments, smoke, take oral examinations, how many times they brush teeth a day, and whether they use oral hygiene products, or join private health-insurances. Conclusions: The study shows that a comprehensive plan is needed to raise attention on proper oral health-care and ultimately to improve the quality of life by considering the daily number of tooth brushing, oral hygiene product use, regular dental treatments, and other medical uses.