• KSBB Journal
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.60-64
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• 2013

Two strains were isolated from the traditional Deep Blue Sediment Dye of Polygoum tinctoria, Niram, and temporarily named Niram A and Niram B, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain Niram A and B were closely related to the members of the genus Comamonas and Microbacterium, respectively. Strain Niram A exhibited the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to C. aquatica LMG $2370^T$ (98.06%). Strain Niram B showed 100% homology with M. oxydans DSM 20578T and M. maritypicum DSM $12512^T$. The growth of the strain Niram A and B was not inhibited in Niram medium containing high calcium concentration without free sugar as carbon source. The reducing Niram is greenish. Therefore, the reducing ability on the Niram of the strains Niram A and B were determined with the color difference of the $a^*$ values of Niram fermented-fluids. The $a^*$ value indicates the level of redness (positive value) or greenness (negative value). The green color is increasing towards the negative value. In all samples fermented for 10 days, the $a^*$ values among samples were no significant difference. However, samples fermented for 15 days have an appreciable change. After fermentation for 15 days, the control Niram sample had $-3.96{\pm}0.02$ of the $a^*$ value. On the other hand, the Niram samples fermented with the strain Niram A and B showed $-4.20{\pm}0.02$ of the $a^*$ value and $-7.86{\pm}0.03$ of the $a^*$ value, respectively. In the reducing ability on the Niram, the strain Niram B was significantly better than the strain Niram A.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of bone boiling duration on bovine bone extract supplement quality in terms of growth performance, leg bone length, and blood profile in broilers. A total of twenty ROSS 308 broilers (initial BW of $970{\pm}50g$) were randomly divided into the following 4 treatment groups: CON (basal water), T1 (1 : 1 ratio water to bone extract boiled for six hours), T2 (1 : 1 ratio water to bone extract boiled for 12 hours), and T3 (1 : 1 ratio water to bone extract boiled for 24 hours). The broilers were allowed free access to the source of fluid or diets. Average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed efficiency showed no significant differences among treatments during this experiment. However, broilers fed bone extract boiled for six hours showed a tendency for increased ADG to other treatments (p < 0.17). No significant differences were observed in organ weights (liver, spleen, bursa of fabricius) or blood profiles among the treatments during the experiment, but broilers fed bone extract boiled for six hours showed a tendency for decreased cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL compared to the control diet. In the case of leg bone length, there were significant difference (p < 0.05) on tibia and femur among treatments. It was concluded that the six hour-boiled bone extract supplementation had beneficial effects on growth performance and blood profile of broilers.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.370-379
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• 2002

수산 조미건제품의 함질소 엑스성분 조성을 구명하기 위하여 시판되고 있는 일반꽃포류 4종과 구운꽃포류 5종을 구입하여 맛과 밀접한 관계가 있는 엑스분질소, 유리아미노산, 결합아미노산, ATP관련화합물, 4급암모늄염기, guanidino화합물 등을 분석하였다. 일반꽃포류의 엑스분질소 함량은 $688{\sim}\;1,124mg/100g$(평균 900 mg)이었으며, 구운꽃포류에서는 $756{\sim}1,099\;mg/100g$(평균 897 mg)이었다. 일반꽃포류에서 유리아미노산은 $22{\sim}27$종이 분석되었으며, 그 총량은 $2,992{\sim}4,034\;mg$평균 3,739)이었고, 함량이 많은 아미노산은 glutamic acid, taurine, arginine, proline, alanine, glycine, histidine 등이었다. 구운꽃포류에서는 $19{\sim}24$종의 유리아미노산이 검출되었으며, 그 총량은 $2,678{\sim}5,196\;mg/100g$(평균 3,933 mg)이었고, 함량이 많은 유리아미노산은 glutamic acid, taurine, proline, alanine, histidine, arginine, lysine 등으로 나타났다. 결합아미노산 총량은 일반 꽃포류와 구운꽃포류에서 각각 $662{\sim}2,248\;mg$과 $1,146{\sim}1,821\;mg/100g$으로서 $20.2{\sim}55.7%$(평균 34.5%)와 $22.1{\sim}68.0%$(평균 42.5%) 수준이었다. ATP관련화합물 총량은 일반 꽃포류와 구운꽃포류에서 각각 $3.69{\sim}7.37\;{\mu}mol/g$(평균 $5.23\;{\mu}mol/g$)과 $2.17{\sim}8.45\;{\mu}mol/g$(평균 $4.51\;{\mu}mol/g$) 범위였다. Betain류로서는 일반꽃포류 모든 제품에서 homarine이 검출되었고, 일부 제품에서 glycinebeatine과 trigonelline이 확인되었으나 미량이었다. 구운꽃포류 일부 제품에서 glycinebeatine, ${\beta}-alaninebetaine$, ${\gamma}-butyrobetaine$, homarine, trigoneline이 확인되었으나 미량이었다. TMAO는 일반꽃포류와 구운꽃포류에서 각각 $1{\sim}364\;mg/100g$과 $1{\sim}144\;mg$이었으며, TMA는 각각 $11{\sim}47\;mg$과 $7{\sim}56\;mg$으로서 제품에 따른 차이가 많았다. Creatine 함량은 일반꽃포류와 구운꽃포류에서 각각 $4{\sim}43\;mg$과 $18{\sim}74\;mg$이었다. t-검정 결과 일반꽃포류와 구운꽃포류 함량간에는 수분, glutamic acid, creatinine 등에서 유의차가 있었으나, 그 이외에 대부분의 성분간에는 유의차가 인정되지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

목적: 3-methylcrotonyl CoA carboxylase 결핍은 MCCC1 또는 MCCC2 유전자 돌연변이로 인하여 발생하는 leucine 대사의 이상이다. 임상 양상은 신생아기에 중한 경과를 보이는 경우부터 무증상까지 다양하다. 3MCCD에 대한 한국의 장기적인 연구가 아직 없으며 본 저자는 3MCCD로 진단받은 환아들의 임상 양상과 유전자 분석에 대하여 연구하기로 하였다. 목적: 본 연구는 2009년 4월부터 2013년 9월 사이에 순천향대학교 서울병원 유전자 클리닉에서 3MCCD로 진단받은 7명의 환아를 대상으로 하였으며, 이중 자매 1쌍을 포함하였다. 이들은 모두 신생아 대사이상 검사에서 진단받은 환아들이었다. 결과: 신생아 대사이상 선별검사에서 3-OH-isovalerylcarnitine(C5OH) 수치는 2.705 umol/L에서 12.18 umol/L까지 나타내었고 정상 범위보다 증가해 있었다(정상범위<0.54 umol/L). 모든 환아에서 소변 3MCG의 상승된 소견 확인되었으며, 범위는 1.21에서 818.09 mmol/mol Cr 이었다(정상 소견은 소변에서 3MCG가 검출되지 않아야 한다). 7명의 환자에서 소변 3HIVA에서 상승된 소견 확인되었다. MCCC1 유전자 변이는 2명의 환아에서 확인되었고, MCCC2 유전자 변이는 5명의 환아에서 확인되었다. 또한 8종류의 뉴클레오타이드 변화와 그에 따른 아미노산 서열의 변화도 확인할 수 있었다. MCCC1 유전자 변이 환아는 자매관계였으며 c.826T>C 한 종류의 뉴클레오타이드 변화를 나타냈으며, MCCC2 유전자 변이 환아의 경우에서는 총 7 종류의 뉴클레오타이드 변화를 확인할 수 있었다. 모든 환아에서 진단 즉시 L-carnitine (50-100 mg/kg/day), L-glycine (100-200 mg/kg/day), leucine 제한 식이를 시작하였으며, 그 중 4명의 환아는 조효소로서의 biotin 투여를 시작하였다. 지속적인 경과 관찰 후 4명의 환아는 정상 식이를 진행 중이다. 치료 시작 후 소변 3MCG, 3HIVA의 변화에는 유의할 변화를 확인할 수 없었으며, 매 3-6개월 마다 L-carnitine 용량의 조절을 위하여 혈중 free carnitine 수치를 검사하고 있다. 결론: 본 연구에서 무증상 3MCCD 환아에서 MCCC1 유전자 변이는 29%, MCCC2 유전자 변이는 71%로 MCCC2 유전자 변이가 더 많았다. 그러나 이러한 원인이 되는 유전자 종류와 소변 3MCG, 3HIVA 수치와 임상 양상과는 유의할 상관 관계를 확인할 수 없었으며, 이는 추후 연구 되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.201-207
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• 1998

One growth trial and one digestibility trial were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of HP300, a commercially processed soybean meal product for weanling pigs. Dried whey, fish meal and/or full fat extruded soybeans (FFES) as well as portions of soybean meal (SBM) were replaced with HP300 in weanling pig diets. The objectives were to investigate the effects of HP300 on growth performance, digestibility, ileal amino acid digestibility and blood amino acid concentration in weanling pigs. One hundred and twenty crossbred $(Duroc{\times}Beijing\;Black{\times}Landrace)$ pigs weaned at 28 days of age were used in the growth trial. The pigs were randomly allocated to five treatments, with three pens per treatment and eight pigs per pen. The trial duration was 28 days. The control (CTRL) diet contained no HP300; in treatments 2, 3 and 4, dried whey and fish meal were replaced by 3.0%, 7.5% and 10.5% HP300; in treatment 5, full fat extruded soybeans were replaced by 10.5% HP300 plus soybean oil to attain the same metabolic energy content as FFES. Five T-cannulated barrows were used in a digestibility trial with a $5{\times}5$ Latin square design to determine nitrogen retention and amino acid ileal digestibility of HP300 used alone or mixed with other ingredients. The results indicated that replacement of dried whey, fish meal, full fat extruded soybeans and a part of the soybean meal with HP300 in piglet diets improved average daily gain and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). There was a trend toward improved DM, crude protein and amino acid ileal digestibilities and improved protein and amino acid ileal digestibilities and improved protein net availability with the use of HP300 in swine diets.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.616-628
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• 2020

본 연구는 오늘날 대학생의 연애를 심층적으로 이해함으로써 그들의 적응과 발달을 돕기 위해 연애 비선택 경험을 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 연애 비선택자 12명을 대상으로 심층면접을 실시하였고 합의에 의한 질적 연구방법을 사용하여 결과를 분석하였다. 심층면접 내용을 분석한 결과 총 3개의 중심개념에 대해 6개의 하위영역 그리고 27개의 범주가 도출되었다. 그 연구결과 첫째, 연구참여자들의 연애비선택에는 마음에 드는 상대가 없는 것이 공통적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 연애 비선택의 과정에서 연구참여자들은 여유가 없는 상황에서 연애가 밀리고 연애에 특별한 가치를 두지 않으며 연애경험이 부정적으로 지각되었다. 셋째, 연구참여자들은 연애 비선택의 결과로 자신에게 집중할 수 있고 자유로움을 얻을 수 있었으며, 연인의 빈자리나 주변 사람의 소중함을 느끼기도 했다. 위와 같은 연구결과를 바탕으로 대학생의 연애 비선택에 대한 시사점과 제한점을 논의하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 1999

Factors affecting gene gun-mediated expression of the human erythropoietin gene were investigated in primary cultured oviduct cells from laying hens. The human erythropoietin gene was transfected by a gene gun method at $1.25{\mu}g$ per dish, and cultured in a synthetic serum-free medium for 72 hrs. The concentration of human erythropoietin mRNA was determined by RNA : RNA solution hybridization. In experiment 1, the effect of changing the shooting pressure of DNA-coated microparticles with nitrogen gas was tested at 20 and $60kgf/cm^2$. The results showed that the erythropoietin mRNA concentration was significantly higher at 60 than $20kgf/cm^2$. In experiment 2, the effects of supplementing the medium with fetal calf serum at 10%, and raising the shooting pressure from 60 to $80kgf/cm^2$ on the cell number and erythropoietin gene expression were examined. Although supplementation with fetal calf serum significantly increased the cell numbes compared with no supplemented controls (p < 0.05), erythropoietin mRNA concentration per $10^3$ cells was not affected. Raising the shooting pressure from 60 to $80kgf/cm^2$ did not affect either of the parameters, In experiment 3, the effect of supplementing ascorbate 2-phosphate at 0.5 mM was tested. The results indicated that the ascorbate supplementation significantly increased the cell number (p < 0.05), and tended to increase erythropoietin mRNA concentration (p < 0.1). Thus, for human erythropoietin gene expression by using the gene gun method, shooting pressure with nitrogen gas should be sufficient at $60kgf/cm^2$ and supplementation with ascorbate phosphate would be useful to enhance not only the cell proliferation but also erythropoietin gene expression.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.247-251
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• 2015

This experiment was carried out to investigate effects of onion extract on growth performance, meat quality and blood profiles of White mini broilers. Total of 600 one-d-old male White mini broiler chicks were divided into four groups and fed control diets (non-medicated commercial diet or antibiotics medicated) or experimental diets (non-medicated diets containing 0.3% or 0.5% onion extract) for 5 wks. The final body weight (BW) and weight gain of the group fed non-medicated control diet were lower than those of medicated control group (p<0.01). The chicks fed diet with 0.3% or 0.5% onion extract showed a similar BW to that of medicated control group. The relative weight of various organs, such as liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, abdominal fat, and the activities of serum enzymes were not affected by dietary treatments. There were no significant differences in meat color among groups. Whereas, groups fed diets containing onion extract had slightly lower cooking loss and higher shear force value, but not significantly. The concentrations of serum free cholesterol and triacylglycerol in groups fed diet containing onion extract were significantly decreased compared with those of controls (p<0.01). In conclusion, the onion extracts exerted a growth-promoting effect when added in White mini broiler diets, reflecting potential alternative substances to replace antibiotics.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.149-165
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• 2004

In Korea, as the elderly population is growing, the quality of life of the rural elderly is becoming a major concern. By the way, social welfare services is less available and accessible to the rural elderly. And we have very limited information about community -oriented welfare services for the elderly. The lack of social welfare services in rural area resulted from mainly geographic isolation and economic deprivation. So, the present research aimed at; 1) to explore what the social welfare service is benefited from governmental or local assembly. 2) to explore what kind of community services is provided for the rural village and elderly. 3) to appear the political propose for the rural elderly. In South Korea, The Rural Development Administration currently operate 'villages which is supported special programs for the improvement of QOL of rural elderly' in 110 villages. It is a model governmental welfare service for rural area. For the purpose, the survey data is gathered from community level data per village (107 villages), individual survey data(881people) who live in the village and qualitative data. Two kinds of quantitative data is combined to form a data. The statistical methods used for data analysis are descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA. The major findings of this study were as follows : It was founded that the majority family type of the rural elderly is elderly-only households(75%). In case of poor elderly, they have very limited social insurance benefit and they can not get medical services with satisfaction. The result show that the welfare facilities per village and welfare service for the elderly is extremely low while the needs of welfare service is greate high. A distinctive characteristics in rural villages is that they receive a lot of services from private sectors, like as Women Farmers Union, Adult Union. They operate voluntary welfare services related to food supporting, education for the elderly, free haircut services and so on. In conclusion, the community care services from private sector has specialty in rural area. We conclude it is a distinguishing characteristic of rural community.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.752-758
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant and anti-obesity activity of ethanol extracts from fermented Arctium lappa L. Arctium lappa fermented twice with Phellinus linteus ($2^{nd}$ FA) showed more DPPH radical scavenging activity than non-fermented Arctium lappa (NFA), and Arctium lappa fermented once ($1^{st}$ FA) at a concentration of 62.5 ppm. The $2^{nd}$ FA showed the highest level of ABTS radical scavenging activity at concentration range of 31.5~125 ppm. The ABTS free radical scavenging activities of $1^{st}$ FA and $2^{nd}$ FA were similar to that of BHA, a synthetic antioxidant, at a concentration of 250 ppm. The total polyphenol content of $2^{nd}$ FA was higher than those of NFA and $1^{st}$ FA. The flavonoid content was significantly increased in $1^{st}$ FA and $2^{nd}$ FA than NFA. During adipocyte differentiation, lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells was significantly decreased in the order of NFA, $1^{st}$ FA, and $2^{nd}$ FA at all concentrations. In conclusion, the antioxidant and anti-obesity activities of A. lappa were increased depending on the degree of fermentation. It is suggested that fermented Arctium lappa, especially $2^{nd}$ FA, could be used as a natural ingredient for functional foods and medicine.