• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.93-98
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• 1996

Lipopretein(a)[Lp(a)] is a macromolecular complex found in human plasma that combines structural elements composed of LDL and apo(a), and that is associated with premature coronary heart disease and stroke. In this study, various samples which consisted of normal and abnormal LDL and LP(a) were selected for compar-ison. The above samples were incubated with copper in order to oxidize and to compare atheroma formation, in vitro and free radical formation of Lp(a) was decreased compared to purified LDl. And LDL or Lp(a) from a 40 year old donor was higher in the free radical formation than that fro, a 20 years old donor. In order to investigate the macrophage foam cell formation, oxidized LDL of Lp(a) was incubated with human monocyte derived macrophage(HMDM). Oxidized samples enhanced on acceptability f foam cell formation by HMDM were compared to the control group. Also, structural change of LDL and Lp(a) against oxidation times were found from HPLC mapping.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 1973

Azotobacter vinelandii cell extracts and its variety of purified fractions with regard to their ability to form the redox state of the Shethna Flavoprotein (free radical form FPH.) were studied. A fluorescent flavoprotein (protein I) and a brown protein (protein II) were the most active proteins which were isolated in purified form. The free radical formation activity was substantially decreased during the purification and was completely lost upon storage in a week under nitrogen in a frozenstate. The presence of free flavin (FMN) with NADH enhanced the rate of free radical formation. The reaction of FMN and NADH was found to be catalysed by various cell fractions. A possible role of FMN as a substrate for free radical shethna flavoprotein was investigated. Slower reaction rate of $FMNH_2+Flavoprotein\;(FP){\to}FPH+FMN$ than $FMN+NADH{\to}FMNH_2$, accumulation of $FMNH_2$ ocurred which subsquently caused FPH.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.177-180
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• 2007

Tocotrienols (T3) are minor plant constituents found abundantly in rice bran, which provide a significant source of vitamin E in animal feeds. T3 was reported to have an intrinsic hypocholesterolemic effect by inhibiting HMG-Co A reductase. It has similar antioxidative properties as tocopherols in food and biological system due to their similar chemical structures. However, the antioxidant activity and mechanism of T3 to scavenge free radicals and to inhibit the peroxidation of linoleic acid are less understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the scavenging effect of T3 on free radicals and its inhibition of peroxide formation. Free radical scavenging activity was monitored by the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method whereas inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation was evaluated using the thiocyanate method. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) test was used to determine malonaldehyde formation from linoleic acid peroxidation. Free radical scavenging activity increased with increasing concentration levels of T3. T3 exhibited 38.2, 78.6, 92.7 and 96.2% radical scavenging activity at concentrations of 2, 8, 32 and 128 ppm, respectively. At 128 ppm, it was highly effective in inhibiting linoleic acid peroxidation. The activity of T3 evaluated by the thiocyanate method showed low absorbance values indicating a high level of antioxidant activity. All treatments showed similar trends in antioxidant activity when evaluated by both the thiocyanate method and TBA test.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.127-132
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Xanthium sibiricum Patr. on carcinogenesis. Method: Water extract from Xanthium sibiricum Patr. (XPW) was prepared and investigated for the potential antitumor activity and inhibition of benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adduct formation and free radical formation. Result: It was shown that the water possess considerable toxicity toward tumor cell lines. Concentration of XPW at 1.0 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL resulted in more than 30% inhibition of growth in HeLa cells. Toxicity of XPW to A549 revealed that 54% inhibition of growth at concentration of 2.5 mg/mL. At concentrations of 0.5 mg/mL, 1.0 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL of XPW, the binding of [$^3H$]B[a]P metabolites to DNA of human Chang cell was inhibited by 19%, 33%, and 41%, respectively. There 18% and 32% inhibition in the free radical formation with XPW at the concentration of 1.0 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Water extract from Xanthium sibiricum Patr. (XPW) has antitumor and cancer chemopreventive activities.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.335-339
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• 2001

Cancer chemoprevention refers to the use of natural or synthetic substances to prevent initiational and promotional events that occur during the process of carcinogenesis. Thesium Chinese Turczaninow aqua-acupuncture solution (TCTAS) and Astragli Radix aqua-acupuncture solution (ARAS) were tested as the cancer chemopreventive agents using biochemical markers of carcinogenesis. The effects on the inhibition of phorbol 12- myristate 13-acetate(TPA)-induced free radical formation in HL-60 cells and the inhibition of polyamine metabolism were measured. There is significant inhibition of TAP-induced free radical formation in human leukemic cells with cells with ARAS. Proliferation of Acanthamoeba castellanii was inhibited by TCTAS and ARAS. TCTAS and ARAS positive in these assays may inhibit the carcinogenesis process and is considered promising cancer-preventing agents.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2004

The ethanol extracts of mixed vegetables (Bioactive Vegetables, BV), mixed fruits (Bioactive Fruits, BF) and their liquid formulation (Chungpae Plus , CP) were evaluated for their antioxidative and antigenotoxic activities. They were shown to possess the significant free radical scavenging effect against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazine (DPPH) radical generation and were revealed to show the inhibitory effect of lipid peroxidation as measured by malondialdehyde (MDA) formation although the potencies were not higher than those of vitamin C. They did not possess any pro-oxidant effect on bleomycin-Fe(III) dependent DNA degradation, whereas vitamin C showed strong pro-oxidant effect. Furthermore, oral administration of BV and BF inhibited micronucleated reticulocyte (MNRET) formation of mouse peripheral blood induced by KBrO3 treatment in vivo. CP also showed significant inhibition under same experimental condition. Therefore, the liquid formulation (CP) containing BV and BF may be a useful natural antioxidative and antigenotoxic agent by scavenging free radicals, inhibition of lipid peroxidation and protecting chromosomal damage.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.305-317
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• 2000

To prove the effect of Sagunjatang(SGJT) and Samultang(SMT) extract on the wave of Human Body and Active Oxygen experimentally, QRS & Free Radical of extract and precipitate of SGJT and SMT was measured. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. SGJT extract and precipitate, as a result of measuring QRS and Free Radical, had a considerable effect on the function of immunity & pituitary gland. 2. BaekBokRung of SGJT, as a result of measuring QRS and Free Radical, had a considerable effect on the function of heart & spleen. 3. BaekChul and Gamcho of SGJT, as a result of measuring QRS and Free Radical, had a considerable effect on the function of stomach & duodenum. 4. YinSam of SGJT, as a result of measuring QRS and Free Radical, had a considerable effect on the function of immunity & spleen. 5. SMT extract and precipitate, as a result of measuring QRS and Free Radical, had a considerable effect on the function of immunity & uterus. 6. SukJiHwang of SMT, as a result of measuring QRS and Free Radical, had a considerable effect on the function of immunity & liver. 7. DangGui of SMT, as a result of measuring QRS and Free Radical, had a considerable effect on the function of heart & spleen. 8. ChunGung of SMT, as a result of measuring QRS and Free Radical, had a considerable effect on the function of spleen & pituitary gland. 9. BaekJakYak of SMT, as a result of measuring QRS and Free Radical, had a considerable effect on the function of stomach & duodenum. 10. SMT extract had an effect on the function of female Urogenital system, SGJT extract had an effect on the function of male Urogenital system. These results suggested that SGJT and SMT extract might be usefully applied for suppresing of Active Oxygen formation, preventing the aging, curing all the disease resulted from Active Oxygen.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.775-783
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• 2005

The ethanol extract of the peony root (Paeonia Lactiflora Pall, Paeoniaceae) as well as its major active components including gallic acid and methyl gallate were evaluated for their protective effects against free radical generation and lipid peroxidation. In addition, the protective effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative DNA damage in a mammalian cell line were examined. The ethanol extracts of the peony root (PREs) and its active constituents, gallic acid and methyl gallate, exhibited a significant free radical scavenging effect against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazine (DPPH) radical generation and had an inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation, as measured by the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) formation. The PREs did not have any pro-oxidant effect. They strongly inhibited the hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage from NIH/3T3 fibroblasts, as assessed by single cell gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, the oral administration of 50% PRE (50% ethanol extract of peony root), gallic acid and methyl gallate potently inhibited the formation of micronucleated reticulocytes (MNRET) in the mouse peripheral blood induced by a $KBrO_3$ treatment in vivo. Therefore, PREs containing gallic acid and methyl gallate may be a useful antigenotoxic antioxidant by scavenging free radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and protecting against oxidative DNA damage without exhibiting any pro-oxidant effect.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.211-215
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• 1984

Reaction of thianthrene cation radical perchlorate (1) with tert-butyl peroxide (TBP) in acetonitrile gave thianthrene (2), thianthrene 5-oxide (3), cis-thianthrene-5,10-dioxide (4), 5-acetonylthianthrenium perchlorate (9), along with small amount of thianthrene-5,5-dioxide (7) in some cases. Isolation of N-tert-butylacetamide indicated the formation of tert-butyl cation from TBP. The formation mechanisms of these products were proposed.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.71-79
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• 2002

In the aged skin especially in the face and eyelid, deep and slight wrinkles are one of the remarkable phenomena of aging and the cause of wrinkle is various. Among the cause of wrinkles an oxidative stress plays an important roles in wrinkle formation process. It caused the lipid peroxidation of cell membrane, the increase of the MMPs(MatrixMetalloProteinase) gene expression and cellular DNA damage. These ROS induced materials may cause the degradation of collagen matrix system in the dermis and cause the formation of skin wrinkle. So, it is very important for protecting skin wrinkle formation to regulate ROS activity. In this study, we developed one active ingredient having multi functional activities such as activation of collagen synthesis, inhibition of MMPs activity, lipid peroxidation and free radical scavenging activity and inhibition of free radical induced DNA damage in vitro. Pericarpium castaneae extracts showed collagen synthesis increase in Normal Human Fibroblast and the inhibition of elastase activity (IC$\_$50/ of Elastase: 43.9$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖). It showed also anti-oxidative activity (IC$\_$50/ : 48$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖) and free radical scavenging activity(IC$\_$50/: 7.6$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖). Conclusively, Pericarpium castaneae extracts may be used as an ingredient for new anti-wrinkle cosmetics.