• 제목/요약/키워드: fragment

검색결과 2,792건 처리시간 0.023초

Mapping, Tissue Distribution and Polymorphism of Porcine Retinol Binding Protein Genes (RBP5 and RBP7)

  • Gong, W.H.;Tang, Z.L.;Han, J.L.;Yang, S.L.;Wang, H.;Li, Y.;Li, K.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제21권11호
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    • pp.1544-1550
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    • 2008
  • The retinoids (vitamin A and its derivatives) play a critical role in vision, growth, reproduction, cell differentiation and embryonic development. Using the IMpRH panel, porcine cellular retinol binding protein genes 5 and 7 (RBP5 and RBP7) were assigned to porcine chromosomes 5 and 6, respectively. The complete coding sequences (CDS) of the RBP5 and RBP7 genes were amplified using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, and the deduced amino acid sequences of both genes were compared to human corresponding proteins. The mRNA distributions of the two genes in adult Wuzhishan pig tissues (lung, skeletal muscle, spleen, heart, stomach, large intestine, lymph node, small intestine, liver, brain, kidney and fat) were examined. A total of nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in two genes. Three of these SNPs were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction-fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method in Laiwu, Wuzhishan, Guizhou, Bama, Tongcheng, Yorkshire and Landrace pig breeds. Association analysis of genotypes of these SNP loci with economic traits was done in our experimental populations. Significant associations of different genotypes of $RBP5-A/G^{63}$, $RBP5-A/G^{517}$ and $RPB5-T/C^{intron1-90}$ loci with traits including maximum carcass length (LM), minimum carcass length (LN), marbling score (MS), back fat thickness at shoulder (SBF), meat color score (MCS) and hematocrit (HCT) were detected. These SNPs may be useful as genetic markers in genetic improvement for porcine production.

Association of leptin, toll-like receptor 4, and chemokine receptor of interleukin 8 C-X-C motif single nucleotide polymorphisms with fertility traits in Czech Fleckvieh cattle

  • Jecminkova, Katerina;Muller, Uwe;Kyselova, Jitka;Sztankoova, Zuzana;Zavadilova, Ludmila;Stipkova, Miloslava;Majzlik, Ivan
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제31권11호
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    • pp.1721-1728
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    • 2018
  • Objective: The use of genetic markers can help to enhance reproduction in cattle, which is a very important trait for profitability in dairy production systems. This study evaluated the association between genotypes of leptin (LEP), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and chemokine receptor of interleukin 8 C-X-C motif (CXCR1) genes and fertility traits in Czech Fleckvieh cattle. Methods: Phenotypic data from 786 Czech Fleckvieh cows raised on 5 farms in the Czech Republic were used, along with information from the 1st three parities. To determine genotype, the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used. Results: Except for LEP g.-963C>T, all studied genotype frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were distributed according to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Two LEP SNPs (g.-963C>T and c.357C>T) were associated with the age at the 1st calving, days open (DO), pregnancy rate after 1st service (PR), and calving interval (CLI). In LEP g.-963C>T the TT genotype heifers firstly calved 24 days earlier than CC genotype and the CT genotype cow showed a tendency for shorter DO and higher PR. In LEP c.357C>T we observed longer CLI and DO period in TT cows. In general, we can propose the TT genotype of g.-963C>T as favorable and the TT genotype of c.357C>T as unfavorable for a cow's fertility. Heterozygotes in TLR4 c.-226C>G were significantly associated with shorter CLI, and presented a nonsignificant tendency to be associated with higher PR. In CXCR1 c.777 C>G, we did not observe any relationship of this SNP with reproduction. Conclusion: Overall, the results showed that LEP could be an effective marker for improving reproduction in Czech Fleckvieh cattle. This study also provides novel insights into the relationship between TLR4 and CXCR1 SNPs and reproduction in dual-purpose cattle.

Association between Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Polymorphisms in Tumor Necrosis Factor Related Apoptosis Induce Ligand (TRAIL), TRAIL Receptor and sTRAIL Levels

  • Verim, Aysegul;Turan, Saime;Farooqi, Ammad Ahmad;Kahraman, Ozlem Timirci;Tepe-Karaca, Cigdem;Yildiz, Yemliha;Naiboglu, Baris;Ozkan, Nazli Ezgi;Ergen, Arzu;Isitmangil, Gulbu Aydinoglu;Yaylim, Ilhan
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제15권24호
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    • pp.10697-10703
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    • 2015
  • The laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors occurring in the head and neck. Tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis induce ligand (TRAIL) and TRAIL-receptors (DR4, DR5, DcR1, DcR2) are known as important members of TRAIL-mediated biochemical signaling pathway. Associations between polymorphisms in these genes and clinicopathological characteristics of human laryngeal carcinoma are not well defined. This study therefore aimed to investigate a possible relationship among the TRAIL and TRAIL-DR4 polymorphisms and sTRAIL levels in the risk or progression of LSCC. A total of 99 patients with laryngeal cancer and 120 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. DR4 C626G and TRAIL 1595 C/T genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis and sTRAIL levels were measured by ELISA. There were significant differences in the distribution of DR4 C626G genotypes and frequencies of the alleles between laryngeal cancer patients and controls (p<0.001) but not in TRAIL 1595 C/T. We found the increased frequency of the DR4 C626G homozygote CC genotype in patients than in controls (p<0.001). Haplotype analysis revealed that there was also a statistically significant relationship between TRAIL and TRAIL-DR4 polymorphisms and laryngeal cancer. Serum sTRAIL levels in the laryngeal patients with CC genotype who had advanced tumour stage were lower than those of patients with early tumor stage (p=0.014). Our findings suggest that DR4 C626G genotypes and sTRAIL levels might be associated with progression of laryngeal cancer in the Turkish population.

Mn-SOD와 GST 유전자 다형성에 따른 유아의 산화손상지표의 분포 (Oxidative damage biomarker levels according to Mn-SOD and GST gene polymorphisms in preschool children)

  • 신유경;최지원;오세영;정자용
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제48권6호
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    • pp.468-475
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    • 2015
  • 우리나라 일부 건강한 유아를 대상으로 Mn-SOD Val16Ala, GSTP1 Ile105Val, GSTT1 present/null, GSTM1 present/null 유전자 다형성 분포를 살펴본 결과, Mn-SOD Val/Val형, GSTP1 Ile/Ile형, GSTT1 null 형, GSTM1 null 형이 주된 (major) 유전자형인 것으로 나타났다. 이 중 Mn-SOD Val/Val형은 Val/Ala 또는 Ala/Ala형에 비해 소변 8-OHdG 수준이 유의적이지는 않으나 높은 경향을 나타내었고, GSTP1 Ile/Ile형은 Ile/Val 또는 Val/Val형에 비해 소변 8-OHdG 수준이 유의적으로 낮았다. 간접흡연에의 노출 여부와 간접흡연-유전자 다형성의 상호 작용이 산화손상지표에는 유의적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 건강한 유아에서 GSTP1 Val allele 보유한 경우 산화적 손상에 대해 취약할 수 있음을 제시하며, 추후 대규모 연구를 통한 검증 및 이들 유전자형을 보유한 대상자를 위한 효과적인 영양 중재방안에 대한 고려가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

중합효소 연쇄반응에 근거한 벡터 클로닝된 DNA조각의 방향성 결정 및 이를 이용한 랫트 Urocortin의 진핵 세포주상에서의 발현과 클로닝의 수행 (PCR-based Determination of the Correct Orientation of Sub cloned DNA Fragments, and its Application in the Rapid Cloning and Recombinant Expression of Rat Urocortin in Eukaryotic Cells)

  • Jung-Hyun Park;Yun-Jung Lee;Shin-Young Na;Kil Lyong Kim
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.73-82
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    • 2000
  • 양끝이 같은 형태로 이루어진 DNA조각들은 벡터에 두 가지 방향으로 삽입될 수 있다. 기존의 방법으로는 이들의 방향성을 알아내기 위하여 제한효소의 처리 혹은 DNA염기서열 분석법이 수행되어졌는데, 이들은 적절한 제한효소 인식 부위의 부재 혹은 높은 가격과 많은 샘플수 등으로 그 이용범위가 어느 정도 제한되어 있었다. 본 연구에서는, 벡터에 클로닝 된 DNA조각의 방향성을 결정하기 위한 새로운 실험기법과 이에 따르는 구체적인 방법을 기술하고 이의 직접적인 이용을 보고하고 있다. 통상적인 염기서열 분석용 oligonucleotide primer와 중합효소 연쇄반응용 (PCR) primer를 이용한 PCR에 기초한 이 방법은, 여러 후보 클론의 플라스미드 DNA를 주형으로 하여 한 차례의 반응으로, 원하는 방향으로의 DNA조각이 삽입된 클론을 찾아낼 수 있게 한다. 이 실험기법의 용이함과 정확성은 최근에 보고된 바 있는 랫트의 신경 펩타이드인 urocortin의 cDNA를 재조합 발현 벡터상에 클로닝하고 분석하는 것으로 증명할 수 있었다. 이 같은 방법으로 찾아진 유전자 재조합 클론들은 추가적인 실험을 통하여 CHO 세포주에 transfection 되었는데, 이들이 실제로 urocortin을 발현함은 면역효소 측정법으로 검증될 수 있었고, 이를 통하여 최초로 이 40개의 아미노산으로 이루어진 짧은 펩타이드를 진핵 세포상에서 재조합 단백질의 형태로 발현시키는 데 성공하였다.

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Development of a Monitoring System for Water-borne Bacteria by a Molecular Technique, PCR-RFLP-sequence Analysis

  • Lee, Ji-Young;Jeong, Eun-Young;Lee, Kyu-sang;Seul-Ju;Kim, Jong-Bae;Kang, Joon-Wun;Lee, Hye-Young
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.139-144
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    • 2003
  • Since water borne infection causes acute diseases and results in spread of diseases by secondary infection, the prevention is very important. Therefore, it is necessary to have a method that is rapid and effective to monitor pathogenic bacteria in drinking water. In this study, we employed a systematic method, Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis, to develop an effective monitoring system for possible bacterial contaminants in drinking water. For this purpose, PCR primers were derived from 992 bp region of the 16s rRNA gene that is highly conserved through the different species of prokaryotes. To test whether the PCR primers designed are indeed useful for detecting all the possible microbial contaminants in the water, the primers were used to amplify 16s rRNA regions of different microbial water-borne pathogens such as E. coli, Salmonella, Yersinia, Listeria, and Staphylococcus. As expected, all of tested microorganisms amplified expected size of PCR products indicating designed PCR primers for 16s rRNA indeed can be useful to amplify all different microbial water-borne pathogens in the water. Furthermore, to test whether these 16s rRNA based PCR primers can detect bacterial populations present in the water, water samples taken from diverse sources, such as river, tap, and sewage, were used for amplification. PCR products were for then subjected for cloning into a T-vector to generate a library containing 16s rRNA sequences from various bacteria. With cloned PCR products, RFLP analysis was done using PCR products digested with restriction enzyme such as Hae III to obtain species-specific RFLP profiles. After PCR-RFLP, the bacterial clones which showed the same RFLP profiles were regarded as the same ones, and the clones which showed distinctive RFLP profiles were subsequently subjected for sequence analysis for species identification. By this PCR-RFLP analysis, we were able to reveal diverse populations of bacteria living in water. In brief, in unsterilized natural river water, over 60 different species of bacteria were found. On the other hand, no PCR products were detected in drinking tap-water. The results from this study clearly indicate that the PCR-RFLP-sequence analysis can be a useful method for monitoring diverse, perhaps pathogenic bacteria contaminated in water in a rapid fashion.

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4-Chlorobiphenyl 분해 세균에서 cbp 유전자군의 상이성 (Divergence of the cbp Genes in 4-Chlorobiphenyl Catabolizing Bacteria)

  • 윤덕중;한재진;김치경;김영수
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제30권1호
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    • pp.53-59
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    • 1992
  • 자연계로부터 4-chlorobiphenyl (4CB) 을 분해하는 P08, P20, 027 그리고 P1242 균주를 불리하였다. 이들 분해 균주들의 4CB 분해 과정을 UV-spectrophotometry 방법으로 분석한 결과, 4-CB 로 부터 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-(4'-chlorophenyl)hexa-2, 4-dienoic acid 와 4-chlorobenzoate(4CBA) 가 생성되었다. 따라서 분해균주들은 공통적으로 meta-cleavage pathway에 의하여 4CB 를 분해하는 것으로 확인되었다. 그러나 DJ-12, P08 그리고 P27 균주는 4CBA 를 계속 분해하여 4-hydroxybenzoate 를 생성하였으나, P20 과 P1242 균주들은 4CBA 를 더이상 분해하지 못 하였다. 각 분해 균주에서 cbp 유전자군의 상동성을 분석하기 위하여 P. pseudoalcaligenes KF707 의 bphABC 유전자군을 DNA probe 로 이용하여 Southern hybridization 을 실시한 결과, DJ-12, P08 그리고 P27 균주들은 XhoI 에 의한 2.2kb 와 1.8 kb, 그리고 EcoRI 에 의한 11 kb 의 genomic DNA 의 절편에서 hybridization 이 일어났다. 따라서 본 연구에서 분리한 4CB 분해 균주들의 cbp 유전자군은 분해경로 및 bph 유전자군과의 상동성에 의거하여 부 group 으로 구분되었다.

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국내 분리주인 Vibrio cholerae KNIH002로부터 독성 유전자 카세트의 클로닝 및 염기서열 분석 (Cloning and Nucleotide Sequence Analysis of the Virulence Gene Cassette from Vibrio cholerae KNIH002 Isolated in Korea)

  • 신희정;박용춘;김영창
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.205-210
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    • 1999
  • Vibrio cholerae 는 사람에게 설사를 일으키는 병원성 세규닝며 본 연구에 이용된 V.cholerae KNIH002 는 국내의 설사질환 환자로부터 분리하였다. 콜레라 독소 검출용 프라이머를 이용하여 PCR 로 증폭한 산물을 탐침자로 이용하여 Southern hybridization을 실시한 결과 PstI 및 BglII로 이중절단된 4.5-kb 절편내에서 ctx 유전자가 존재함을 확인하였다. 따라서 염색체 DNA를 PstI 및 BglII로 절단 후 V. cholerae KNIH002 의 유전자 mini-libraries를 제조하였다. 그리고 동일 탐침자를 이용하여 colony hybridization을 실시한 결과 제조된 유전자 mini-libraries 로부터 신호를 나타내는 한 개의 클론을 선발하였다. 선발된 클로닝 지니는 플라스미드를 pCTX75 라 명명하였으며, 이 클론은 CHO 세포에 대한 세포 독력이 나타남을 확인하였다. 염기서열을 결정한 결과 클로닝된 플라스미드에는 ace 와 zot 유전자들은 각각 ATG 개시코돈과 TGA 종결코돈을 포함하여 291 bp와 1,200 bp 로 구성되어져 있었다. ace 유전자의 염기서열은 V.cholerae E7946 EI Tor Ogawa strain 이 것과 100% 일치하였다. 그러나 zot 유전자의 염기서열 및 아미노산 서열은 V. cholerae 395 Classical Ogawa strain 의 것과 각각 99% 및 98.8% 의 상동성을 보였다. 특히, V.cholerae 395 Classicale Ogawa strain 의 Zot 폴리펩타이드에서 100번, 272번, 281번째 alanine 은 V.cholerae KNIH002에서 모두 valine 으로 치환되어져 있었다.

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농법에 따른 메탄생성과 메탄생성 세균의 T-RFLP 패턴 (Methane Production and T-RFLP Patterns of Methanogenic Bacteria Dependent on Agricultural Methods)

  • 김훈수;조주식;박경량
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제45권1호
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    • pp.17-25
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    • 2009
  • 농법에 따른 토양의 토양 성분과, 메탄생성량, 메탄생성 세균의 수, 그리고 terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) 패턴을 계절별로 조사하였다. 조사기간 동안의 대부분 토양 성분은 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았고, 토양내 물 함량은 5월 시료 보다 10월 시료가 높게 나타났다. 그리고 most probable number (MPN) 방법을 이용한 메탄생성 세균 계수에서, 모든 논토양에 메탄생성 세균이 비교적 많이 존재하였으나 수소를 이용하는 메탄생성 세균과 포름산을 이용하는 메탄생성 세균에 비해 아세트산을 이용하는 메탄 세균수가 상대적으로 적은 것을 확인하였다. 또 포름산 이용 실험에서 대부분 토양이 1주부터 빠른 포름산 이용능을 보여, 4주에는 미량만이 검출되었으나, 아세트산을 첨가한 실험에서는 3주까지 아세트산이 증가된 후, 그 이후에야 아세트산이 이용되어 감소됨을 확인하였다. 그리고 수소를 첨가해준 모든 시료에서는 많은 양의 메탄생성이 있음을 확인하였다. 또 Sou96I을 처리한 mcrA 유전자의 T-RFLP 패턴을 분석한 결과, 농법에 따라 토양성분이 크게 차이가 없는 것과 같이 농법과 계절에 의해서도 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내지 않았지만 일부 통계분석 자료는 유의성이 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 토양 미생물의 군집비교 기법을 미생물학적 지표로 활용할 수 있다고 판단된다.

Versatile Catabolic Properties of Tn4371-encoded bph Pathway in Comamonas testosteroni (Formerly Pseudomonas sp.) NCIMB 10643

  • Kim, Jong-Soo;Kim, Ji-Hyun;Ryu, Eun-Kyeong;Kim, Jin-Kyoo;Kim, Chi-Kyung;Hwang, In-Gyu;Lee, Kyoung
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.302-311
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    • 2004
  • Comamonas testosteroni (formerly Pseudomonas sp.) NCIMB 10643 can grow on biphenyl and alkylbenzenes $(C_2-C_7)$ via 3-substituted catechols. Thus, to identify the genes encoding the degradation, transposon-mutagenesis was carried out using pAG408, a promoter-probe mini-transposon with a green fluorescent protein (GFP), as a reporter. A mutant, NT-1, which was unable to grow on alkylbenzenes and biphenyl, accumulated catechols and exhibited an enhanced expression of GFP upon exposure to these substrates, indicating that the gfp had been inserted in a gene encoding a broad substrate range catechol 2,3-dioxygenase. The genes (2,826 bp) flanking the gfp cloned from an SphI-digested fragment contained three complete open reading frames that were designated bphCDorfl. The deduced amino acid sequences of bphCDorfl were identical to 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase (BphC), 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate hydrolase (BphD), and OrfI, respectively, that are all involved in the degradation of biphenyl/4-chlorobiphenyl (bph) by Ralstonia oxalatica A5. The deduced amino acid sequence of the orfl revealed a similarity to those of outer membrane proteins belonging to the OmpW family. The introduction of the bphCDorfl genes enabled the NT-l mutant to grow on aromatic hydrocarbons. In addition, PCR analysis indicated that the DNA sequence and gene organization of the bph operon were closely related to those in the bph operon from Tn4371 identified in strain A5. Furthermore, strain A5 was also able to grow on a similar set of alkylbenzenes as strain NCIMB 10643, demonstrating that, among the identified aromatic hydrocarbon degradation pathways, the bph degradation pathway related to Tn4371 was the most versatile in catabolizing a variety of aromatic hydrocarbons of mono- and bicyclic benzenes.