• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.104-110
• /
• 1996

The present study was conducted to elucidate the functional property of tea extract obtained from tea extracts, semi-fermented tea(oolong tea) and fermented tea(black tea). Tea extracts exhibited remarkable nitrite-scavenging actions, and the action increased with the increased of the amount of tea extracts. The nitrite-scavenging actionof tea extracts showed pH dependent, highest at pH 1.2 and lowest at pH6.0. The nitrite-scavenging rate in tea extracts/amine/nitrite systems proved to be faster than that in amine/nitrite systems. To screen the nitrite-scavenging factors, tea extracts were fractionated into water-soluble, methanol-soluble, methanol-precipitate and crude catechin fraction. Among these fractions of tea extracts, the crude catechin fraction possessed greater nitrite-scavenging action than the other fractions. The nitrite-scavenging action of tea extracts increased with the contents of total phenols and an absorbance at 280nm, nitrite-scavenging factors were supposed to be and catechins in tea polyphenol compounds.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.255-263
• /
• 2016

Antimicrobial properties of Licorice(Glycyrrhizae radix L.) against food spoilage microorganism, Bacillus subtilis KCTC 1021 was investigated. Antibacterial activity of the essential oil was as equivalent as Potassium metabisulfite and myconazole. The licorice extracts was fractionated to hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water fraction. Chloroform fraction showed the highest inhibitory effect on the Bacillus subtilis KCTC 1021. Chloroform fraction was further fractionated by silica gel column chromatography and thin layer chromatography(TLC). The antibacterial compound was isolated from their fractions and its chemical structures was identified as (R)-glabridin by ESI-MS, $^1H$-NMR and $^{13}C$-NMR.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
• /
• 2003.04a
• /
• pp.111.2-112
• /
• 2003

A total of 20 extracts derived from different plant family commonly used in Indonesian traditional inflammation medicine were screened for their inhibitory effect on soybean lipoxygenase (SBL) and hyaluronidase (HAse) activity. Three methanol extracts, the bark of Cinnamomum burmanni (CB), the leaves of Piper betel (PB), and fruit of Barringtonia acutangula (BA) were found to have high inhibitory effects, whereas the methanol extract of the leaves of Mimusops elengi (ME) have medium inhibitory effect. The IC50 of CB, PB, BA and ME were found to be 21.7, 16.9, 39.1 and 62.8 g/$m\ell$, respectively. Among the tested extracts, only CB inhibited HAse (IC50 = 27g/$m\ell$). CB was successively fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. The EtOAc fraction having the strongest activity was fractionated and some compounds were isolated and purified by a preparative HPLC(Develosil ODS-HG-5 column). Coumarin and 2-hydroxy cinnamaldehyde. were identified through the analyses of UV-Vis absorption 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and FAB+-MS spectra.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.311-316
• /
• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of Sophora angustifolia extracts against food-borne pathogens. First, Sophora angustifolia was extracted with methanol at room temperature, and the methanol extracts from Sophora angustifolia were fractionated using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The antimicrobial activity of the Sophora angustifolia extracts was determined using the paper disc method against food-borne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria. The methanol extracts of Sophora angustifolia showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium. A synergistic effect was found in the combined extracts of Sophora angustifolia and Portulaca oleracea, compared to the activity of each extract alone. Finally, the growth inhibition curve was determined using the methanol extracts of Sophora angustifolia against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium. The methanol extract of Sophora angustifolia showed strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 5,000 ppm. The 5,000 ppm methanol extract from Sophora angustifolia retarded the growth of S. aureus for more than 24 hours and of Salmonella typhimurium for up to 12 hours.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.39-50
• /
• 2009

Objectives : Smilacis glabrae rhizoma (SG) has been traditionally used as a herbal medication of musculoskeletal disorders like arthritis, pain, convulsions, and syphilis in traditional Korean medicine. This study was investigated anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effect of fractionated extracts of Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell (HUVEC). Methods : SG extract prepared with methanol, and then fractionated with hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, n-butanol and water. Inhibitory effect of SG onto free radical generation was determined by measuring DPPH, superoxide anions and nitric oxide scavenging activities in vitro. Cytotoxic activity of extracts on RAW 264.7 cells was measured using 5-(3-caroboxymethoxyphenyl)-2H-tetra-zolium inner salt (MTS) assay. Intracelluar oxidation was analysed by DCF-DA assay. The nitric oxide (NO) production was measured by Griess reagent system. The levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression were confirmed by western blot. And proinflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA kit. Results : Our results indicated that fractionated extracts, especially ethyl acetate (EA) extract, significantly inhibited free radical generation, the TNF-$\alpha$-induced intracellular oxidation. Furthermore, the EA extract protected TNF-$\alpha$-induced adhesion to THP-1, expression of adhesion molecules accompanied by an attenuation of IL-6 and IL-8 formation in HUVEC. Conclusions : These results indicate that EA extract of SG have potential as an agent of atherosclerosis and other chronic inflammatory diseases including diabetes, hypertension, and arthritis.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.295-300
• /
• 1997

The water extract of mustard seed was fractionated by solvents with an increase of polarity, and antimicrobial activities of each extracts were examined, and volatile compounds of each extract were identified by GC-MS. When the water extract was fractionated with solvents, the antimicrobial activities were high in the order of chloroform, ethylacetate, hexane, butanol and aqueous layer. In chloroform fraction, 16 volatile compounds, including 2 isothiocyanates such as 3-isothiocyanato- 1-propene and 4-isothiocyanato- 1-butane, 1 nitrile and 4 acids were identified, their contents were higher than other fractions. Twelve, 10, 4 and 7 volatile compounds were identified in ethylaceate, hexane, butanol and water fractions, respectively. The volatile compounds were considerably less in the fractions of butanol and water than others.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.162-166
• /
• 2009

Oxczaasssaidative stress plays an important role in neuronal cell death, which is associated with neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. This study evaluated the neuroprotective effect of Euryale ferox (EF) extracts against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in hybridoma N18-RE-105 cells. Specifically, neuroprotective effects of methanol and ethanol extracts were evaluated by the MTT reduction assay. The ethanol extracts of EF displayed dose dependent protection against neuronal cell death induced by 20 mM of glutamate. Furthermore, the ethanol extracts of EF was sequentially fractionated with hexane, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, and water layer according to degree of polarity. The hexane fractions exhibited neuroprotective effect against glutamate-stressed N18-RE-105 cells. Overall, results suggest that EF extracts can potentially be used as chemotherapeutic agents against neuronal diseases.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.306-311
• /
• 2004

This study was performed to investigate the antimicrobial effects of Portulaca oleracea extracts against food-borne pathogens. First, the Portulaca oleracea was extracted with methanol at room temperature, and then further fractionated by using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the Portulaca oleracea extracts was determined using a paper disc method against food-borne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria. The ethyl acetate extracts of Portulaca oleracea showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae. There was also a synergistic effect of the combined extracts of Portulaca oleracea and Indigofera kirilowii as compared to each extract alone. Finally, the growth inhibition curve of ethyl acetate extracts of Portulaca oleracea against Staph­ylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae was determined The ethyl acetate extract of Portulaca oleracea showed strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus at the concentration of 4,000 ppm. The 4,000 ppm of ethyl acetate extract from Portulaca oleracea, retarded the growth of S. aureus by more than 24 hand Shigella dysenteriae up to 12 h at $37^{\circ}C$.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 1970

In an attempt to clarity the effect of X-irradiation on the activity of surfactant in rabbits, and also to observe the possible difference when the irradiation was made in single or fractionated dose, X-ray in dose of 900 r was irradiated to rabbits either in single or fractionated dose of 300 r each day for three day, Tension-area diagram of lung extract was recorded automatically by a modified Langmuir-Wilhelmy balance with a synchronized recording system designed in this department. The surface tension of lung extract was measured at 1,3,5,24, and 48 hours post-irradiation, and the results were compared with the non-irradiated normal group. The result obtained are summerized as follows: 1) The maximal surface tension, minimal surface tension, width of the tension-area diagram at the surface area of 40% in lung extract, and stability index of the normal rabbit lung extracts were 40.73 dynes/cm, 8.96 dynes/cm. 20.71 dynes/cm, and 1.28 respectively. 2) Activity of surfactant was significantly depressed by X-irradiation, and the pattern of depression was more prominent in the single irradiation group than in the fractionated group. 3) It was found that the changes of the width of the tension-area diagram at the surface area of 40% in lung extract and stability indices corresponded well with that of the maximal or minimal surface tension.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.223-225
• /
• 2003

Ocimum sanctum, the Indian holy basil has significant abilities to scavenge highly reactive free radicals. Shade dried leaf powder of plant has extracted with water and alcohol, fractionated with different solvents. Both extracts and their fractions were found to be good scavengers of Superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Free radical scavenging action of these compared with ascorbic acid, a known antioxidant.