• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.1327-1334
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• 1999

Behaviors of abnormal expansion during calcination process of Ba2Ti9O20 ceramics and its related effects on the sintering characteristics were investigated as a function of precursors. When BaCO3 and TiO2 powders were used as starting materials. BaTi4O9 phase which has relatively large molar volume was formed drastically with abnormal ex-pansion during the calcination at 95$0^{\circ}C$ to 115$0^{\circ}C$ ON the contrary using BaTiO3 and TiO2 powders as starting materials led to retardation of the formation of BaTi4O9 phase and concurrently suppressed the abnormal expansion during cal-cination process. Especially the calcined powder of BaTiO3 and TiO2 had advantages in the densification and formation of Ba2Ti9O20 single phase in the sintering process.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 1996

To investigate the phase transformation behaviors of mechanically alloyed Nb-25 at%Al powders, the mixed Nb-25 at%Al powders were mechanically alloyed in SPEX 8000 Mixer/Mill. Mechanical alloying(MA) time was varied between 0.5 hour and 72 hours. The phase formation behaviors of these mechanically alloyed powders were examined using X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), and differential thermal analysis(DTA). Appreciable amorphization started from 6 hours of MA. The powders mechanically alloyed for 10 hours were in almost amorphous phase. DTA results showed that the powders mechanically alloyed for 12 hours had a strong exothermic peak about$600^{\circ}C$, whereas the powders mechanically alloyed for 6 hours had two exothermic peaks. The first peak was found to be due to the stress relief effect and the second one due to the formation of$Nb_{3}Al,Nb_{2}Al and Nb_{2}C$phases by crystallization.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.113-140
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• 2019

Experiencing work as a calling has been associated with various positive work-related attitudes and outcomes. Recent studies have examined personal and contextual factors related to job calling; however, gaps remain in the literature on how employees' perception of organizational environment may lead to the formation of employees' job calling. We focused on psychological climate of innovation as the predictor of employees' job calling and further investigated its effect on extra-role behaviors, including innovative work behavior (IWB) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). A total of 165 Malaysian employees from diverse industries and organizations participated in a self-reported online questionnaire. We found support for the mediation model in which the association between a psychological climate of innovation and increased extra-role behaviors through increased job calling. Altogether, these findings provided new insights into the important role of innovative climate on employees' job calling and the mediating role of job calling on extra-role behaviors within occupational settings. Theoretical and practical implications are further discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.43-46
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• 2001

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.4
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• pp.91-111
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• 1977

The view point of the library is treated as a first subject. This study is scheduled to construct, as a experimental study, the system of the Library Science. The study of this fields is called upon greatly because the trial to understand library as a socio-cultural phenomenon did not study as many times. As a result of the study, library is defined as ${\ulcorner}Structural Formation of Inquirying Behavior{\lrcorner}$. Not only technique and actual proof are possible in this study but also this definition is technical definition to indicate the main phenomenon of Librarial Behavior. This schedule represent the trial to define Library Behavior which could anticipate and fabricate when we analyze this definition First, we can find out, first of all, the researching behavior among the human behaviors and then human behavior has the condition of practice. At last, researching behavior can not have any result when it is a natural situation, it has only the meaning when it is guided by an obvious intention. The object of the library is just this human behavior. Second, Formation permits the guidance and self-control at the same-times. The answer about what we find out and practice make it possible the act of guidance. This guidance can't burden any subject but permit the people to result his own researching behaviors. He can save his activities, his own researching behaviors by the result of it. Third, The statematical means efficient performances, and them efficient performances is impossible, here is 'discoveries' of behavior itself. The system of the library is the formation of the relation between the accumulated civilizations and accumulated civilizations. As the definitions of the above mentions, library has the big abilities to the creation and succession of the civilization. As the contemporary view-points, there are some questions about the above described definition can meet it of the library. When we frame the science of library as the learning systems, we can't but the library as this definitions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.355-362
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• 2009

In this paper, we present a framework for managing group behaviors in multi-agent swarm systems. The framework explores the benefits by dynamic associations with the proposed artificial potential functions to realize complex swarming behaviors. A key development is the introduction of a set of flocking by dynamic association (DA) algorithms that effectively deal with a host of swarming issues such as cooperation for fast migration to a target, flexible and agile formation, and inter-agent collision avoidance. In particular, the DA algorithms employ a so-called systematic singular association (SSA) rule for fast migration to a target and compact formation through inter-agent interaction. The resulting algorithms enjoy two important interrelated benefits. First, the SSA rule greatly reduces time-consuming for migration and satisfies low possibility that agents may be lost. Secondly, the SSA is advantageous for practical implementations, since it considers for agents even the case that a target is blocked by obstacles. Extensive simulation presents to illustrate the viability and effectiveness of the proposed framework.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.149-156
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• 2020

This study investigated the key factors affecting online relational intimacy in the context of SNS. Based on the use and gratification theory, self-presentation, relationship formation and information searching were identified as the main needs of SNS usage. These needs were expected to influence online relational intimacy through user satisfaction, subjective well-being, and disclosing information behaviors. The theoretical framework was validated by a longitudinal method. Hypotheses were tested by using the partial least squares to data from 199 Facebook users. Self-presentation and information searching had a significant impact on both user satisfaction and subjective well-being. However, relationship formation did not significantly affect both user satisfaction and subjective well-being. User satisfaction had a significant direct effect only on online relational intimacy. Subjective well-beings played a significant role in enhancing both disclosing information behaviors and online relational intimacy. Finally, it has been found that disclosing information behaviors are a key factor in enhancing online relational intimacy. The results of this study are expected to provide academic and practical implications for the key antecedents of online relational intimacy.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1021-1030
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• 2007

The effects of the creamide III (CER3) and cholesterol (CHOL) on the structure of a non-hydrous distearoyl phosphatidylcholine (DSPC)-based lamellar liquid crystal (LC) hydrated by only propylene glycol (PG) without water were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffractions (XRDs), and polarized microscope (PM). As soon as CER3 was incorporated into the lamellar phase, the characteristic LPP was appeared as well as the characteristic SPP, and the formation of separated CER3 crystalline phase was observed depending upon the increase of CER3 content by XRDs. Also, by DSC, it was shown that the increase of CER3 made the monotectic thermal transition be changed to the eutectic thermal transition which indicates the formation of separated CER3 crystalline phases and the main transition temperatures (Tc1) to be gradually decreased and the enthalpy change (ΔH) to be linearly increased. Incorporating CHOL, the formation of LPP and SPP showed almost similar behaviors to CER3, but incorporating small amounts of CHOL showed the characteristic peaks of CHOL which meant the existence of crystalline CHOL phase due to the immiscibility of CHOL with DSPC swollen by PG differently from CER3, and increasing CHOL made the intensity of the 1st order diffraction for LPP weakened as well as the intensities of the characteristic diffractions for DSPC. Also, in the results of DSC, it showed more complex thermal behaviors having several Tc than CER3 due to its bulky chemical structure. In the present study, the inducement of CER3 and CHOL as other lipids present in human stratum corneum (SC) into a non-hydrous lamellar phase is discussed in terms of the influence on their structural and thermal transition.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.1096-1105
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• 1996

A theoretical model of the frost formation has been presented to investigate the characteristics of the growth of frost layer by considering molecular diffusion of water vapor and heat generation caused by sublimation of water vapor in the frost layer. The present model was compared with existing experimental data as well as a previous model. The difference between the present model and existing experimental data was found to be about 6 percent. An analysis for the behavior of frost formation using present model shows a good agreement with the trend for a number of experimentally observed features. The present analysis can also provide the physical understanding on the phenomena of the frost formation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1995.05b
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• pp.769-774
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• 1995

In this study, a transport model was developed in order to analyze and predict the transport behaviors of radionuclides mediated by pseudo-colloid in the fractured rock media. It was resulted that the transport of Pu-239 was faster than Ni-63 because pseudo-colloid formation constant of Pu-239 was greater than that of Ni-63. Also, the effect of pseudo-colloid formation on the transport of a radionuclide was shown to be very significant when the apparent pseudo colloid formation constant, $K_{ap}(m^{3}/kg)$, was greater than 100. Thus, it can be concluded that acceleration of radionuclide migration may be occurred because the pseudo-colloid formation of radionuclides increases the amount of mobile components in the solution and consequently decreases the amount of radionuclides adsorbed on the stationary solid medium.