• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.385-396
• /
• 2014

In this paper, we present a formal method for modeling and checking an enhanced version of the carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance protocol related to the IEEE 802.11 MAC layer, which has been proposed as the standard protocol for wireless local area networks. We deal mainly with the distributed coordination function (DCF) procedure of this protocol throughout a sequence of transformation steps. First, we use the unified modeling language state machines to thoroughly capture the behavior of wireless stations implementing a DCF, and then translate them into the input language of the UPPAAL model checking tool, which is a network of communicating timed automata. Finally, we proceed by checking of some of the safety and liveness properties, such as deadlock-freedom, using this tool.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.127-134
• /
• 2013

Baroque is fundamentally in contrast with renaissance style classicism, which attempted to fix a world view itself as the value of perpetuity. Furthermore, it is interpreted as a topic of incompletion or transformation that is not defined or is not exemplary and which may be enjoyed by people in the classical life, which requires a microscopic concept in contrast with dualism, the central axis of western civilization, namely, rational lucidity. Also, such characteristics are estimated to serve as a lubricant in life while going beyond the formal aesthetic level of art even from a contemporary perspective, and to play a productive role and to have potential. Consequently, this paper assumed that the concepts expressed by the 20th century US contemporary architect Richard Meier of a complex space, namely architectural formative vocabularies such as overlapping, interpenetration, collision, and collage style mixture created by a layered structure, in his architecture are in common with the double surface technique and juxtaposition of a flat structure of Baroque architecture. Then, the paper analyzed and considered the characteristics. The paper considered the following two issues: Such Baroque style formal principle is reinterpreted against a backdrop in which his architectural flow based on the domino theory of Le Corbusier became established as his own unique architectural feature, and it may be proposed as one big flow that enables us to seek again modernistic architecture that attempts to make an architectural space absolute as an atypical formal contour.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.55-67
• /
• 1990

This is a review on the longitudinal transformation of the Japanese trousers, which is prepared as a pre-study for the comparative analysis of the forms of Korean and Japanese folk trousers. The special traits of the Japanese trousers are found to be as follows: 1) The Japanese trousers seem to have their root in the Northern-Asian or Schithian culture. 2) While the ancient forms of Japanese trousers, esp., those of the 8C before include the same types as Korean folk trousers, the Medieval and Recent era trousers quite differ and transform themselves into the unique Japanese type. 3) All Japanese trousers can largely be classified into formal and functional trousers. Formal trousers play important role as one of the ceremonial wardrobe and are treated rather as an outermost-wear than as an inner-wear. 4) The formal trousers have skirt-like features with much fullness as are presented in many deep pleats, long crotch lines and long sashes connected to the belt; the femine trousers even omit crotch line. 5) The principal forms of Japanese trousers consist of I, $\wedge,\;\wedge$; the $\lambda$ form of Korean and Chinese type had never existed. 6) Varieties of the composite type of Japanese-Western style appear among the trousers of recent time.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제21권12호
• /
• pp.3109-3120
• /
• 1996

SDL has been standardized to specify behavioral aspects of communication systems based on the formal description technique, and it is powerful and user friendly in the sense of supporting human communication and understanding, formal analysis andcomparison of behaviors, alternative implementations and design optimization, and its structural decomposition. However, SDL is not sufficient for an efficient handing of entrire system descriptions because the communication systems are generally very complex, and composed from the various interactions among sub-systems. Also, it is very difficult to explicitly verify dynamic views such as liveness and reachability. it leads the demands on analysis scheme to verify dynamic behaviros of specified systems. This paper presents modeling concepts of Petri Nets from SDL and transformation rules to Numerical Petri Nets to provide efficient technqiques for verification of dynamic behaviors, and proposes the reachability garaph that is able to trace all reachable states of a modeled system and reduce an information loss on the reachability tree.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1986년도 하계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.486-489
• /
• 1986

The transition diagram, as well as the regular expression, can be used as a formal description for a language acceptable by a finite automaton or for the behavior of a sequential switching circuit. But, if we are given one of these two descriptions, we shall find that it is not easy to get the other counterpart description. This paper is to show an easy method to find the equivalet regular expression from the transition diagram, by the aid of a graph-transformation technique.

• 한국어학
• /
• 제65권
• /
• pp.295-320
• /
• 2014

The idiom is listed in the lexicon, because it's meaning cannot be inferred from it's constituents. And the idiom is a single semantic unit. Thus the idiom is inserted to the syntax in the quality of a word. But the idiom is not always inserted to the syntax as a word. In the process generating the sentence, we can recognize the categorial property of the idiom that it is formally equal to the syntactic phrase. Then each of the constituents of the idiom can be inserted to the syntax. This is why the syntactic operation(as modification, topicalization, relativization, etc) can be applied to the constituent of the idiom. In this respect the idiom is a flexible construction as the listeme of a lexicon. The flexible property of the idiom is related to the dynamicity of a lexicon. The formal or semantic transformation of the idiom is the good example to show the dynamicity of a lexicon.

• 로봇학회논문지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.186-190
• /
• 2019

When problems occurred in the unstable and/or extreme terrain environment, formal field-driving robots were unable to provide any other options such as the transformation of the wheel and body structure, and so on. For such reason, this paper proposed a novel type of integrated wheel mechanism that can be operated as a conventional driving wheel mode and hybrid wheel-leg mode in order to be negotiated in an unstable terrain environment. The mechanical effect of the proposed variable wheel mechanism was analyzed considering the geometric constraint and power requirement of the actuator for the transformation. In addition, we designed and manufactured the prototype of field-driving robot, which reliably control the variable wheel shape. Finally, the effectiveness of the variable wheel mechanism was verified by preliminary experimental approach.

• 한국지능정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지능정보시스템학회 2001년도 The Pacific Aisan Confrence On Intelligent Systems 2001
• /
• pp.151-155
• /
• 2001

Mobile agent technology has been the subject of much attention in the last few years, mainly due to the proliferation of distributed software technologies combined with the distributed AI research field. In this paper, we present a design of communication networks of agents that cooperate with each other for forwarding messages to the specific mobile agent in order to make the overall system location transparent. In order to make the material accessible to general intelligent system researchers, we present the general ideas abstractly in terms of the graph theory. In particular, a proxy network is defined as a directed acyclic graph satisfying some structural conditions. In turns out that the definition ensures some kind of reliability of the network, in the sense that as long as at most one proxy agent is abnormal, there agent exists a communication path, from every proxy agent to the target agent, without passing through the abnormal proxy. As the basis for the implementation of this scheme, an appropriate initial proxy network is specified and the dynamic nature of the network is represented by a set of graph transformation rules. It is shown that those rules are sound, in the sense that all graphs created from the initial proxy network by zero or more applications of the rules are guaranteed to be proxy networks. Finally, we will discuss some implementation issues.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.14-23
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyse the inclinations and expressions in contemporary architecture. Specially, we call this tendency and architectural movements as architectural metamorphosis. Metamorphosis in architecture present the core of the change of Forms and spirits in a change of outward shape and terrestrial identity. As in Ovid's extended dramatic poem of change and transformation, Metamorphoses, all Souls are deathless, and migrates from one form to another. Like these stories in Metamorphoses, Ovid tells the soul never dies, but leaps one form to anther, and can take any shape. So the architectural form, transformation and deformation in contemporary architecture means architectural sensations and cognitions can even approach the soul of form and shape under the transformation. The expressions and design strategies of metamorphosis in comtemporary architecture reveal continuous and sequential formations of space, linear structure with force and vector, rhythmical wavement and folding surface, lively wiggly flows of volumns and objects, and so on. Such qualities came from the periodical needs; separation of structure and surface, poly-surfacial movement, poly-sensual expression and experience, dematerialization and the dematerialized space, formless of non-formal architecture, digital architecture. Architecture of Metamorphosis is the ways and the needs of our period to overcome the static limits prohibits the liberal thoughts, to find the ways toward the opportunities and diversities and to unlock the imaginaire of the contemporary architecture.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.83-94
• /
• 2010

Conventionally, ornament has developed around linear thinking based on Euclidean geometry, and been explained as simple and lucid natural Euclidean geometrical phenomena. The modular arrangement with vertical, horizontal and diagonal grids has been an organizing principle of classical ornament, but in digital era ornament is found not to be explained only with the principle of traditional arrangement due to the seemingly irregular complex forms. In that sense, this study presents the concept of digital ornament and examined the backgrounds of ornament in digital age, that are complex system and non-Euclidean geometry. Accordingly, the present study takes an approach by dividing new formal types of ornament into algorithmic form, hybrid form and dynamic form to find out a principle of pattern organization. Lately, architects who actively use computer for their architectural designs take the algorithmic strategies in nature and create various and complex patterns by simple rules. The patterns are not the repetition of the same, but the production of singularities. In addition, hybrid form by morphing shows a topologically flexible evolutionary transformation, and is used to create in-between transitional shapes from the source to target. Finally, the patterns by the interaction between the system components which are corresponded to the embedded forces emerge from dynamic simulation of the natural environment. Rather than objects itself, focus is given to the process of generating forms, and the ornamental patterns as the revelation of such implicit order provide not just the formal beauty but also spatial pathways for lights and air, maximizing the effects of lights.