• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.483-491
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• 2017

This study provides basic data for the cost operating strategy of forest welfare infra facilities. We use the Price-Sensitivity Measurement technique (PSM) for a forest welfare infra facility (healing forest, wood camping, forest leisure sport, etc.). In addition, we conduct a survey in the four target locations (Kyung-gi, Kyung-sang, Chung-cheong, and Jeolla) and receive answer from 390. The results show that higher the price of present infra facilities, higher the price sensibility. The forest welfare infra facilities we include are healing forest 1,894 won, wood camping 5,625 won, mtb park 9,530 won, mountain horseback riding 14,556 won, paragliding 20,252 won, mountain ski 3,075won. However, we investigate zip-lines at lower than current price levels.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.209-214
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• 2013

This study examined the work time, work posture, and work intensity for the actual measurement step in forest road the design work that was being carried out. The measurement of the forest road was being carried by a team of three workers and a team of four workers. The examination of work time found that the measurement of 1km took about 8 hours for the four-worker team and 12 hours for the three-worker team. The examination of work intensity found that the energy metabolic rates of the three-worker team were lower than four-worker team. Because their energy consumption per minute decreased as their work time and rest time increased. Furthermore, when appropriate rest time was applied according to work time, the energy metabolic rate decreased and the work intensity became lower. The four-worker team was more advantageous from the time and cost aspects of the forest road measurement work. Furthermore, as the rest time was very low compared to the work time, more efficient forest road measurement work would be possible if the work intensity was lowered by considering the rest time when calculating the standard work time.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2003년도 International Symposium on Clean Environment
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• pp.47-50
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• 2003

$CO_2$ concentration profile was measured to investigate whether $CO_2$ concentration at one level (i.e., eddy covariance measurement level) can be used to estimate storage term without significant uncertainty at broadleaf deciduous forest at Kwangneung experiment forest in Korea. Based on t-test with significance level of 5％, there was no statistical difference between storage term from one-level $CO_2$ concentration and one from $CO_2$ profile measurement. Storage term constitutes on average 5％ of half hourly net ecosystem exchange (NEE) even at unstable stability (i.e., well mixed condition), indicating that storage term should be considered even at daytime, which is sometimes neglected.

• 센서학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.95-99
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• 2023

Forest healing is an activity that enhances immunity and human health using various elements of nature, such as fragrance and scenery. Particularly, phytoncide composed of terpene, a natural volatile substance emitted by forest plants, activates the immune function and is an important raw material in health-related products, such as antibacterial and insect repellents. Moreover, phytoncide is used as a measure to evaluate the impact of the forest atmosphere on the human body. This study aims to implement a highly sensitive gas sensor system that can measure phytoncide in real-time, which is an essential element for realizing a forest healing environment. A gas generation apparatus was implemented by using an adsorption tube in consideration of filed applicability in a laboratory atmosphere to enable the measurement of α-pinene and limonene, which are among the main components of phytoncide. Throughout the experimental trials, the sensitivity of gas sensor arrays to α-pinene and limonene was confirmed. In addition, the classification results demonstrated the AVOCs and NVOCs can be well discriminated using PCA. The primary results confirmed the possibility of developing a high-sensitivity gas sensor system for phytoncide sensing in real time.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제97권1호
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• pp.118-126
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• 2008

본 연구는 마케팅 관점에서 국립자연휴양림의 객실가격 전략을 개발하고자 실시하였다. 분석방법은 객실유형(숲속의집, 산림문화휴양관) 및 객실규모(4, 5, 6, 7 인실)에 따른 가격민감성(PSM) 분석을 적용하였으며, 6개 국립자연휴양림에서 236명의 객실 숙박이용객을 대상으로 현지설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 자연휴양림 객실규모에 있어서는 객실규모가 클수록 가격민감성이 높았으며, 객실유형별로는 숲속의 집이 산림문화휴양관 보다 가격민감성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 현재 성수기 객실가격은 6인실과 7인실 산림문화휴양관을 제외한 모든 객실에서 가격수용대 내에 포함되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이들 객실의 판매를 촉진시키기 위해서는 적정수준의 가격 인하를 검토하거나, 가격인하가 용이하지 않을 경우 고객이 지각할 수 있는 객실시설물 고급화 등 가격 이외의 다른 가치를 높이기 위한 전략이 필요할 것이다.

• 대기
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.689-698
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• 2019

Air pollution in urban areas has become a serious problem in the recent years. Especially, high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) cause negative effects on human health. Several studies suggest urban forest as a tool for improving air quality because of the capability of forests in reducing PM concentrations through deposition and adsorption using leaf area. For this reason, the National Institute of Forest Science plans to install in-situ observation stations for PM and biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) on a national scale to verify the net effect of forests on urban air pollution. To measure the quantitative change of PM concentrations due to the urban forest, stations should be located within and outside the forest area with respect to atmospheric circulation. In this study, we analyze the wind direction at the potential measurement sites to assess suitable locations for detecting the effect of urban forests on air quality in five cities (i.e. Gwangju, Daegu, Busan, Incheon, and Ilsan). This technical note suggests effective locations of in-situ measurements by considering main wind direction in the five cities of this study. A measurement station network created in the future based on the selected locations will allow quantitative measurements of PM concentration and BVOCs emitted from the urban forest and help provide a comprehensive understanding of the forest capabilities of reducing air pollution.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제95권5호
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• pp.591-594
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• 2006

To have better urban forests in future we are focusing on two major issues like other countries. How we could have more urban forest-quantitative approach-against the expanding of urbanization, and how we could produce better urban forest-qualitative approach-to give a chance in contact with better nature for urban people. Prime surveys on urban forests have been carried out in 6 major cities since 1991, and the city of Daegu which is located on the east southern area of Korea have been case studied for qualitative approaches during last 3 years. Major species of the remnant forests were Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida, Pinus thunbergii and Robinia pseudoacacia. Approximately 20% of the surveyed forests were lost their structure as forests caused by illegal farming, facilities and as the bare ground by excessive visitors. Generally speaking the condition of forests for biotope was very poor in overall. From two years data of monitoring of birds, we found that wooded parkways and woodland squares had more species than street tree areas. Nests were found mainly on the branch of Zelkova serrata, Pinus densiflora and Quercus myrsinaefolia. The size of urban forests mainly determined the species richness of birds. According to the oxygen output and carbon input by photosynthesis measurement, the capability was in order of Platanus occidentalis, Zelkova serrata and Ginko biloba. Air conditioning effects of trees through transpiration measurement was found and the quality of forests also related to the reducing of urban heat-island.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2023

The RGB (red, green, and blue) imagery analysis is an important remote sensing tool, which estimates the effect of environmental stress on turfgrass growth and physiology. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of continuous wear stress treatment on Zoysia japonica through RGB imagery analysis. The results of the growth measurement showed that the plant height substantially decreased, after nine hours of treatment with no considerable difference thereafter. Dry weight measurement showed a substantial difference in the morphological growth characteristics of the aerial part of the turfgrass, but none in the stolon and root zone. This could be attributed to the short period of compaction treatment. The ROS (reactive oxygen species) analysis showed that ROS rapidly increased due to wear stress treatment. The MDA content increased during the traffic process, whereas the green pixels increased and decreased repeatedly; however, overall, the trend declined but the overall trend decreased. Thus, this study confirmed that MDA was effective in reflecting the wear stress of turfgrass; however, it could through RGB image analysis.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2001년도 학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.52-59
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• 2001

Methods to measure and estimate transpiration of a forest composed of evergreen broad-leaved trees (Pasania edulis Makino) are studied. Heat pulse velocity has been measured along with soil moisture and micrometeorological factors at the Fukuoka Experimental Forest, the Research Institute of Kyushu University Forests in Fukuoka, Japan (33$^{\circ}$38'N, 130$^{\circ}$31'E, alt. 75m). Tree cutting measurement was conducted to convert the heat pulse velocity into sap flow and transpiration. A big leaf model to calculate transpiration and Interception loss is examined and the estimated values are compared with the measured values obtained from the heat pulse measurement. The results show that 1) Pasania edulis Makino posessing radial pore structure had relatively high water content and high heat pulse velocity even within the central part of the stem near the pith, 2) the heat pulse velocity was well correspond to the water uptake in the tree cutting measurement, 3) the estimation of sap flow based on the heat pulse velocity is accurate, and 4) the big leaf model using the parameters obtained from measurement of a portable photosynthesis system in one day in summer gives reasonable estimation of transpiration independent of seasons and weather.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.399-405
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• 2013

This study demonstrates the utilization of light microscopy and Fast Fourier Transform-Peak Finding (FPF) method for microfibril angle (MFA) measurement from unstained sections of red pine (Pinus densiflora). To obtain an image with optimal contrast and resolution for MFA measurement, effects of numerical aperture (NA) of condenser lens and color filters were investigated. About 60% of NA of the maximum condenser NA produced an image with optimal contrast, but a color filter with short wavelength range (DAPI) created images with improved resolution. Manual angle measurement and the FPF method were applied to the image with optimal contrast for MFA measurement. The experimental results from the FPF method were considered to be more repeatable and less subjective than those from the manual angle measurement.