• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 1979

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 임업(林業) 생산(生産)의 주축(主軸)을 형성(形成)하고 있는 산촌(山村)이란 특수지역(特殊地域)을 대상(對象)으로 산촌입구(山村入口)의 대량(大量) 유출(流出) 현상을 고찰하고 산촌(山村) 노동력(勞動力)의 변화(變化)가 농가경영(農家經營)과 임업생산(林業生産)에 미치고 있는 파급(波及) 양상(樣相)을 분석(分析) 검토(檢討)하고자 시도 되었으며 그 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 산촌내(山村內) 입구(入口)의 대량(大量) 유출(流出)은 70년대(年代) 중반(中半)부터 표면화(表面化)되고 있으며 전출(轉出) 속도(速度)는 점차 가속화(加速化) 하고 있다. 2. 입구(入口) 유출(流出)은 임업생산(林業生産)이 활발(活發)치 못한 지역(地域)에서 임업생산(林業生産)이 활발(活發)한 지역(地域)보다 더욱 심하다. 3. 임업(林業)이 선진(先進)한 산촌(山村)에서는 임업생산(林業生産) 활동(活動)을 통(通)해 농가(農家)의 잉여축적(剩余蓄積)이 가능(可能)하였고 농민층(農民層)의 분화(分化) 현상(現象)이 나타나고 있으며 농촌업(農村業)을 중심(中心)으로 하는 농가(農家)의 겸업화(兼業化)가 진행(進行)중에 있다. 4. 산촌(山村)의 입구유출(入口流出)은 16~30재(才) 계층(階層)이 82~85%를 차지하고 있으며 결과적(結果的)으로 노동력(勞動力)의 노령화(老令化) 부녀화(婦女化) 등 질적(質的) 저하(低下) 현상이 현재화(顯在化)하고 있다. 5. 임업노동(林業勞動) 시장(市場)의 성격(性格)은 유촌지역내(由村地域內)에서 수급(需給)이 조절되던 과거(過去)의 폐쇄적(閉鎖的)인 모습에서 개방적(開放的)인 모습으로 변화(變化)되어 가고 있다.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.29-40
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• 2020

Purpose: In modern society, many urban problems are occurring, such as aging, hollowing out old city centers and polarization within cities. In this study, we intend to apply big data and machine learning methodologies to predict depression symptoms in the elderly population early on, thus contributing to solving the problem of elderly depression. Research design, data and methodology: Machine learning techniques used random forest and analyzed the correlation between CES-D10 and other variables, which are widely used worldwide, to estimate important variables. Dependent variables were set up as two variables that distinguish normal/depression from moderate/severe depression, and a total of 106 independent variables were included, including subjective health conditions, cognitive abilities, and daily life quality surveys, as well as the objective characteristics of the elderly as well as the subjective health, health, employment, household background, income, consumption, assets, subjective expectations, and quality of life surveys. Results: Studies have shown that satisfaction with residential areas and quality of life and cognitive ability scores have important effects in classifying elderly depression, satisfaction with living quality and economic conditions, and number of outpatient care in living areas and clinics have been important variables. In addition, the results of a random forest performance evaluation, the accuracy of classification model that classify whether elderly depression or not was 86.3%, the sensitivity 79.5%, and the specificity 93.3%. And the accuracy of classification model the degree of elderly depression was 86.1%, sensitivity 93.9% and specificity 74.7%. Conclusions: In this study, the important variables of the estimated predictive model were identified using the random forest technique and the study was conducted with a focus on the predictive performance itself. Although there are limitations in research, such as the lack of clear criteria for the classification of depression levels and the failure to reflect variables other than KLoSA data, it is expected that if additional variables are secured in the future and high-performance predictive models are estimated and utilized through various machine learning techniques, it will be able to consider ways to improve the quality of life of senior citizens through early detection of depression and thus help them make public policy decisions.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2020

The Korean government has been carrying out the marine ranch development project since 1998 with the purpose of responding to the decrease in coastal fishery resources and fishery income, preparing a systematic management system for the sustainable use of fishery resources and realizing advanced fisheries power by expanding and upgrading fisheries resource development projects. In addition, the government established the Korea Fisheries Resources Agency and promoted projects for the protection and management of fishery resources by increasing basic productivity by artificially creating marine forests in areas where whitening events occur. Since the project of building marine ranches and marine forests requires immense government financial support, it is important to estimate the economic value and thoroughly evaluate the feasibility of the project. In this paper, the project of non-market economic value of the development of marine ranches and the development of marine forests was estimated. CVM (Contingent Valuation Method) was applied as a methodology for benefits estimation. Prior to the analysis, a one-on-one interview survey was conducted with participation of 512 residents and 514 residents respectively for the project of creating a marine ranch and developing a marine forest. A DBDC (Double-Bounded Dichotumous Choice) model was applied in the WTP (Willingness To Pay) analysis model and the socioeconomic variables of the surveyor, such as sex, age, education and income, were reflected in the model. The economic benefits from the two projects, namely, building of marine ranches and developing marine forests were estimated to be equal to 4,608 won and 7,772 won per household per year, respectively. According to the results of the survey, it seems that respondents think that marine forests are more valuable than marine ranches. This is as a result of ordinary citizens' thought that the marine ranches are more cost-effective than the marine forests. The benefits estimated through this study can be used for analysis of economic feasibility prior to carrying out the project of building marine ranches and developing marine forests, and are considered to be the valuable for policy-making purposes and finding social and economic consensus.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2012

BACKGROUND: The changes in the climatic conditions have brought potentially significant new challenges, most critical are likely to be its impact on local livelihoods, agriculture, biodiversity and environments. Water induced disasters such as landslides, floods, erratic rain etc., are very common in developing countries which lead to changes in biological, geophysical and socioeconomic elements. The extent of damages caused by natural disasters is more sever in least developing countries. However, disasters affect women and men differently. In most of the cases women have to carry more burden as compared to their male counterpart during the period of disasters. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study examines the impact of disasters on the local livelihood especially agriculture and income generating activities of women in three districts of Nepal. The study uses the primary data collected following an exploratory approach, based on an intensive field study. The general findings of the study revealed that women had to experience hard time as compared to their male counterpart both during and after the disaster happen. Women are responsible for caring their children, collecting firewood, fetching water, collecting grass for livestock and performing household chores. Whereas, men are mainly involved in out-migration and remained out-side home most of the time. After the disaster occurred, most of the women had to struggle to support their lives as well as had to work longer hours than men during reconstruction period. Nepal follows patriarchal system and men can afford more leisure time as compared to women. During the disaster period, some of the households lost their agricultural lands, livestock and other properties. These losses created some additional workload to women respondent, however at the same time; they learn to build confidence, self-respect, self-esteem, and self-dependency.Although Nepal is predominantly agriculture, majority of the farmers are at subsistence level. In addition, men and women have different roles which differ with the variation in agro-production systems. Moreover women are extensively involved in agricultural activities though their importances were not recognized. Denial of land ownership and denial of access to resources as well as migration of male counterparts are some of the major reasons for affecting the agricultural environments for women in Nepal. CONCLUSION: The shelter reconstruction program has definitely brought positive change in women's access to decision making. The gradual increase in number of women respondent in access to decision making in different areas is a positive change and this has also provided them with a unique opportunity to change their gendered status in society.Furthermore, the exodus out-flow of male counterparts accelerated the additional burden and workload on women.