• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.785-790
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• 2015

대면적 개벌의 대안으로서, 대상 개벌은 생산림지의 생태 조건 보전과 임분 재생을 모두 고려하는 작업법이다. 그러나 우리나라에서는 대상 벌채 기법의 적용 및 효율성에 대한 연구를 찾아보기 어렵다. 본 연구는 강원도 삼척에서 2012년부터 2014년까지 소나무림 대상 벌채 (10m, 20m 및 40m) 처리 전 후의 하층식생 반응 및 소나무 재생과 임분 환경 변화와의 상관성을 방형구법을 적용하여 조사 및 분석하였다. 하층식생 피도 및 종다양성은 대상 벌채 넓이에 상관없이 교목 종 및 광선호 종의 확장에 의해 증가하는 경향이었고, 신갈나무, 맑은대쑥 및 산딸기 등의 벌채 후 잔존 교목 및 광선호 종들의 활발한 증가가 관찰되었다. 대상 벌채 구역의 소나무 정착은 수관층 환경 (광량 및 수관열림도) 및 토양나출도와는 정의 상관, 그리고 하층식생 및 임상 목질잔해물의 피도와는 음의 상관을 나타내었다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2003

This study explored effects of urban greenspace on improving atmospheric environment, which is concerned with $CO_2$, SO$_2$ and NO$_2$ uptake, and with reduction of summer air temperatures. The site of this study was focused on Jung-gu in Seoul. Tree density and cover were 1.1 trees/100 $m^2$ and 12.5% respectively for the study area except forest lands. Atmospheric purification by greenspace was associated with changes in tree cover per unit area of each land use type. The mean $CO_2$ storage by woody plants was 19.4t/ha, and annual uptake averaged 2.2t/ha/yr for $CO_2$, 1.9kg/ha/yr for SO$_2$ and 5.0kg/ha/yr for NO$_2$. Entire tree plantings in the study area played a significant role by annually offsetting $CO_2$ emissions of about 1,830t from fossil fuel consumption by 330 persons, SO$_2$ emissions of 1,620kg by 1,080 persons, and NO$_2$ emissions of 4,230kg by 450 persons. The summer air temperature was 3.6$^{\circ}C$ cooler at a location with 54% cover of woody plants and 4.5$^{\circ}C$ cooler at a forest site with 100% cover, compared to a place with no planting. A 10% increase of woody plant cover was estimated to decrease summer air temperature by approximately 0.6$^{\circ}C$ until a certain level of canopy cover. Analyzing data from the Automatic Weather Stations in Seoul revealed that increasing tree cover decreased mean air temperature for the summer season (Jun~Aug) in a nonlinear function. Woody plant cover was the best predictive variable of summer temperature reduction. The results from this study are expected to be useful in emphasizing the environmental benefits and importance of urban greenspace enlargement, and in urging the necessity for planting and management budgets.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2002년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.293-296
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the hydrological impact due to temporal land cover change urbanization of Anseong-cheon watershed $(585.09km^2)$. WMS (Watershed Modeling System) HEC-1 was adopted, and burned DEM with $200{\times}200m$ resolution and soil map reclassified by hydrologic soil groups were prepared. Land cover for 1985, 1990, 1995 and 2000 were classified by maximum likelihood method, using Landsat MSS and TM imageries. Calibration and verification of HEC-1 were conducted using 4 storm events. Peak flow at Pyeong taek station increased $25.9m^3/sec$ during the past 15 years due to paddy and forest decrease. Streamflow impact by just paddy area decrease and forest area decrease were also analysed keeping watershed CN values unchanged of the given year, respectively.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume II
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• pp.888-891
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• 2006

SAR image is not dependent on the weather condition and Sun's electromagnetic energy. But geometric distortions exist in almost all radar image, it need to be correction. The Radarsat-1 SAR images are used to monitoring of moisture acquired in May 1/1998 and May 25/1998. Radarsat-1 C band data is sensitive on moisture condition. Study area is located in Non-san site. It is made up almost agricultural area and a little of forest area. In May, Rice-planting is started in the midland of Korea. So moisture condition is undergoing many changes. Forest area need to be terrain effect removal for accurately results because it is included in layover, shadow, and so on. Results of land-cover moisture condition map are useful tool for fields of agriculture, forestry industry, and disaster.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

The present study was conducted with the object of measuring sensibility image through an experiment with human bodies and indexing human feelings according to land cover types. The temperature by land cover types formed the lowest temperature in planted areas and the highest temperature in paved areas. The wind velocity is stronger in bare grounds, the surface of water and building areas than planted areas, grassland and paved areas. In the case of using a globe thermometer, a solar controled device confirmed the planted areas. In summer, an increase of thermal sensation are indicated a decrease of amenity, and the sensation which has high correlationship is in order by amenity, thermal sensation, airflow sensation and humidity sensation.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.433-437
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• 2006

SAR image is not dependent on the weather condition and Sun's electromagnetic energy. But geometric distortions exist in almost all radar image, it need to be correction. The Radarsat-1 SAR images are used to monitoring of moisture acquired in May 1/1998 and May 25/1998. Radarsat-1 C band data is sensitive on moisture condition. Study area is located in Non-san site. It is made up almost agricultural area and a little of forest area. In May, Rice-planting is started in the midland of Korea. So moisture condition is undergoing many changes. Forest area need to be terrain effect removal for accurately results because it is included in layover, shadow, and so on. Results of land-cover moisture condition map are useful tool for fields of agriculture, forestry industry, and disaster.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.411-419
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• 2022

DPR Korea has been creating cropland across the country due to its chronic food shortage. Cropland was about 17.4% at the end of the 1980s, but it increased steadily to 19.6% at the end of the 1990s, 24.8% at the end of the first decade of 2000s, and 25.4% at the end of the 2010s. On the other hand, the forest land declined from about 74.8% in the late 1980s to 69.5% in the late 2010s. Urbanization is also progressing, increasing from about 1.15% at the end of the 1980s to 1.68% at the end of the 2010s. Most of the deforestation that occurred in DPR Korea was caused by conversion to cropland. These characteristics of land cover changes in DPR Korea provide useful information and implications for international and inter-Korean cooperation for DPR Korea.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2009

Fragmentation due to land developments causes disturbances and changes of composition in forest vegetation. The purpose of the study was to develop the impact assessment model for quantitative distance or degree of disturbance by land developments. This study conducted a survey about structure and composition of forest vegetation to determine degree of impact from land developments. The results of field survey, there was a difference in structure and composition of forest vegetation such as tree canopy, herbaceous cover, and number of vine and alien species the distances from edge to interior area such as 0m, 10m, 20m, 40m, and over 60m. To assess the disturbance of forest vegetation, the factors selected were the rate of vine's cover and appearance of alien species. The impact assessment model about vine species explained by a distance, forest patch size, type of forest fragmentation, and type of vegetation ($R^2$=0.44, p<0.001). The other model about alien species explained by a distance, type of forest fragmentation, type of vegetation, and width of road (85.9%, p<0.005). The models applied to Samsong housing development in Goyang-si, Gyunggi-do. The vines and alien species in the study area have had a substantial impact on forest vegetation from edge to 20 or 40m. The impact assessment models were high reliability for estimating impacts to land developments. The impact of forest vegetation by development activities could be minimized thorough the adoption of the models introduced at the stage of EIA.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2014

Focused on Mt. Bogdkhan nature reserve in Mongolia, this study was conducted as a fundamental research to discover a tendency and characteristics of forest damage and to draw up measures for proper plans of forest restoration through an analysis of year-to year change using satellite images. In specific, land cover mapping was conducted by using Landsat images from 1994 to 2011, and then year-to year change was analyzed to investigate the features of forest damage in Mt. Bogdkhan. The results showed that the whole area of a reservation in Mongolia in 2011 was about $416.89km^2$; among them, forest area was $167,87km^2$, accounting for about 40.3%, followed by bare patch and grassland area (58.6%) and urban dry area (1.1%). In particular, compared in 1994, the area of forest in 2011 has increased by $6.12km^2$; while bare patch and grassland area has decreased by $10.81km^2$. Primary causes of forest degradation occurred in Mt. Bogdkhan nature reserve included illegal logging for fuel, forest and grassland degradation caused by domestic animals grazing, man-made forest fire, and disaster caused by insect pest.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.207-215
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• 2009

Greenbelts were designated by the Korean government in 1971 in 14 large cities to prevent uncontrolled urban expansion. Recently, deregulation of the greenbelt system has resulted in further development, but the ecological role of greenbelts has not been fully considered when decisions about urban management are being made. We examined the ecological roles of the greenbelt system in the Seoul metropolitan area and prepared sustainable management and improvement plans based on our analysis of landscape characteristics using satellite images covering a ${\sim}30$-year period. The loss of forest cover during this period in the greenbelt areas was lower than that in the areas outside and inside of the greenbelt. Fragmentation of forest cover was correlated with the pattern of loss of forest cover. The NDVI of the greenbelt remained steady at 90% of that in outside of the GB for three decades. This suggests that the greenbelt system has performed its primary roles well. However, the remaining green space was not adequate to provide a sink for air pollutants even when the greenbelt area was included. We discuss how the negative effects of urbanization can be reduced through sustainable management and restoration to promote ecological functioning in greenbelts and urban landscapes.