• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2006년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.856-859
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• 2006

병원용 근육통증 치료기는 저주파의 전기적, 물리적 힘을 이용하여 신체근육통증을 치료하는 장비이지만 특히 병원에서 환자를 대상으로 사용할 경우 장비를 사용하는 사람입장과 치료를 받게 되는 환자의 입장, 모두를 고려하는 것이 무엇보다 중요하다. 병원용 근육통증 치료기는 사각기둥 타입으로 Basic Design이 이루어졌으며 보다 신뢰성 있는 이미지 전달을 위해 Control Display부를 LCD(액정)로 채택하였다. Body 상단부(Control Panel)는 약50' 각도를 설정하여 빛의 반사에 의해 가독성이 떨어지는 피해를 최대한 줄일 수 있도록 하였다. Body 하단부에는 Caster를 설치하여 좌우 이동이 가능하도록 하여 사용상 편리성을 강조하였다. 본 연구는 기존 제품의 시장조사와 함께 설문조사를 실시하여 선호도를 조사한 결과를 반영하였으며 제품개발 관련 엔지니어들과 조율된 의견을 DESIGN방향에 적용하여 전형적인 제품디자인개발 프로세스를 거쳐 마무리되었다. 본 치료기 개발 연구는 문헌 조사를 바탕으로 FGI기법을 이용하여 직접 관련된 자료를 수집 분석하였다. 조사는 병원용 근육통증 치료기를 중심으로 조사하였으며 의사보다는 간호사가 설문에 응하였으며 구입선택 기준이나 가격부분은 사용자에 초점을 마추웠다. 직접적인 시장조사를 통한 본 연구는 향후 NEW MODEL개발에서 결과적으로 경쟁사 대비 단점으로 지적되는 사항을 보완 개선하는 측면으로 디자인 개발이 이루어졌으므로 향후 M/S확보 전략에 크게 이바지 할 것으로 기대가 된다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.435-439
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• 2009

SiOC 박막의 유전상수가 낮아지는 원인에 대하여 굴절계수와 C-V 측정법을 이용하여 얻은 파라미터를 사용하여 연구되었다. SiOC 박막은 해리된 가스의 재결합을 통하여 이온결합에 의해서 형성된다. 전통적으로 유전상수는 굴절률의 제곱으로 얻을 수 있거나 혹은 금속/절연체/실리콘 구조에서 C-V 측정법을 이용하여 얻어진다. 유전상수는 이온과 전자 성분으로 이루어졌다. 그래서 이온과 전자성분을 포함한 SiOC 박막의 평균적인 유전상수에 대하여 조사되었다. 유전상수는 열처리 후 감소되었다. 증착한 박막은 대부분이 이온효과에 의하여 유전상수가 구성되는 경향성이 있으며, 반대로 열처리한 박막에서는 전자에 의한 효과가 컸다. 왜냐하면, 이온의 효과가 열처리에 의해 감소되기 때문이다. 결과적으로 열처리 공정을 통하여 SiOC 박막의 이온효과는 감소하고 전자의 효과는 증가된다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2002

Purpose. This study was tried to compare the effect of the change in postural deviation caused by the pain side Subjects and Methods. Inpatients and outpatients (n=71) were selected from I hospital who have a musculoskeletal low back pain and shoulder pain without any history of the central nervous system (CNS) lesions, orthopaedic problems of the both lower extremities, or the vestibular and the visual default. For the control group, normal and healthy subjects (n=30) were selected without any history of weight bearing disorders. the weight bearing was rated by the computerized force plate. Results. 1) Postural deviation was not significant difference between patients and control group(p<0.01). But postural deviation in patients was more pronounced than control group. 2) There was significant difference of postural deviation between in patients according to the pain side(p<0.01). When the pain side was on the left side, postural deviation tended to the right. When the pain side was on the right side and vertebral body, postural deviation tended to the left. 3) There was no significant difference of postural deviation between regional pain in shoulder and regional pain in low back(p<0.01). Discussions and Conclusion. As a result, the pain, for sure, affected the good posture and its keeping process directly or/and indirectly. Therefore, as the postural deviation increases, the additional energy consumption increased by the works of the muscles to keep the good posture. Preponderated postural deviation, furthermore, could load too much to the musculoskeletal system, leading to increase the pain. The postural deviation, a result of the pain, can cause a secondary deformity of the distal area as a compensatory reaction, and this compensation actually become a cause of the musculoskeletal symptom back in a cycle. Therefore, the appropriate treatment of the musculoskeletal problem and the education of the posture correction should be given to decrease the pain, preventing the secondary deformities, and increasing muscle energy efficiency of the posture remaining muscles.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.618-622
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• 2004

The vibration test system of SITC(Satellite Integration and Test Center) at KARI(Korea Aerospace Research Institute) has been used successfully for the environmental tests of a majority of korean space programs, such as KOMPSAT, Koreasat KITSAT, STSAT and KSR program since 1996. To meet the recent needs of large size test facility available for the vibrational tests of the huge launch vehicles and tole-communication satellites which will be developed in the near future, KARI undertook to construct the large size multi-electromagnetic shaking system with 3 $\times$ 3m head expander system. The new system will consist of three electromagnetic shakers which has 160 kN thrust force individually, and be able te sustain up to 8 tons test load and 300 kNm overturing moment. And to avoid the tremendous cost and effort to furnish the seismic block with large size and weight, it will adopt a Lin-E-Air type configuration with which the seismic block is less severe than a Solid-Truninon type. In addition, to fulfill the strong requirement of high overturning moment the additional guidance system including a central bearing system on a central support and several pad bearings around the head expander body is now considered. This paper describes the configuration and the design parameters of the multi-shaking system which is under development by KARI's engineers.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.171-179
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• 2005

Korea has many underwater cultural heritages within the east, west and south seas surrounding the Peninsula that indicate historically important sealanes for trade and transportation. As these underwater cultural heritages are the objects of despoilment because of their relatively easy access through modern technology, their often high historical and priceless value demands strong protection similar to or better than the land cultural properties. Currently, Korea does not have any concrete laws or regulations for the protection of underwater cultural heritages. Thus, these heritages iu, somewhat temporary and inappropriately subjected to laws and regulations relating to provisions of individual Laws concerning protection of cultural properties act, and statute of excavation of material fir buried national property, lost articles act etc.. Internationally, the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage was adopted but not yet entered into force. Therefore, the protection of underwater cultural heritage has become an urgent matter. In this regard, this article's main purpose is to provide recommendations for improving direction of legal regime and policy for protecting our underwater cultural heritages. These legal regimes need provisions for definition of the underwater cultural heritage, scope of application, ownerships, jurisdictions and protection measures. And suggestions are provided in regard to policies for the protection of underwater cultural heritages that may improve organization and cooperation among concerned ministries and agencies, compensation system, restrictions for excavation of underwater relics, efficiency of survey of underwater surface and information system.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.206-215
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• 2020

Osteochondroma is a common benign tumor of bones, but it is rare in the mandibular condyle. With its outgrowth it manifests clinically as deviation of the mandible limitation of mouth opening, and facial asymmetry. After the tumor is diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms and radiographic examination including cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis, an appropriate surgery and treatment plan should be formulated. Herein, we present the case of a 44-year-old female patient who visited our dental hospital because her chin point had been deviating to the left side slowly but progressively over the last 3 years and she had difficulty masticating. Based on CBCT, she was diagnosed with skeletal Class III malocclusion accompanied by osteochondroma of the right mandibular condyle. Maxillary occlusal cant with the right side down was observed, but it was confirmed to be an extrusion of the molars associated with dental compensation. Therefore, after intrusion of the right molars with the use of temporary anchorage devices, sagittal split ramus osteotomy was used to remove the tumor and perform orthognathic surgery simultaneously. During 6 months after the surgery, continuous bone resorption and remodeling were observed in the condyle of the affected side, which led to a change in occlusion. During the postoperative orthodontic treatment, intrusive force and buccal torque were applied to the molars on the affected side, and a proper buccal overjet was created. After 18 months, CBCT revealed that the rate of bone absorption was continuously reduced, bone corticalization appeared, and good occlusion and a satisfying facial profile were achieved.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to control of the low-speed, high-precision PMSM 2-axes pitch/turning. In this paper, apply the PAM-PWM inverter for it. However, The PAM-PWM inverter, control algorithms and hardware is complex. But it is possible to improve the performance in the low-speed operation can reduce the effect of the PWM ripple and Dead Time of inverter by applying suitable DC-bus voltage control. The direct driver PMSM(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor) configured to vector control part, PAM control part and the other controller. The vector control part includes PI current, speed control, additional space vector modulation. PAM control part has to have PI voltage controller and P current controller for DC-bus voltage control. Besides, the motor position estimator, the speed estimator and the counter electromotive force and Dead Time Compensation are added. With this arrangement, PMSM was driven with a low pole pitch/turning by performing the current control to the current command or torque command is the paper. As a result, it was possible to minimize the disturbance component that appears in the drive in proportion to the DC voltage magnitude. The use of a hydraulic drive method for a two-axis bubble column is a typical tank. When using the PWM PAM inverter driver is in the turret can be driven by high-precision, low vibration, low noise compared to the hydraulic drive may contribute to the computerization of the turret.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집(제1권)
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• pp.405-413
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 비선형 동적 마찰 성분을 효과적으로 보상하고 적응적으로 제어함으로써 차세대 항만 자동화 이송시스템으로 주목받고 있는 LMTT(linear motor-based transfer technology)의 위치 정밀도를 향상시키는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 셔틀카(shuttle car)와 컨테이너들의 다양한 중량과, 이로 인해 발생하는 동적 마찰 특성 파라미터들을 정확하게 추정할 수 있는 관측기를 설계하였다. 적응 backstepping 제어 기법을 적용하여 시스템이 안정하게 제어될 수 있도록 하는 제어기를 설계하였다. 시스템은 변화하는 환경에 대하여 높은 적응성을 가질 수 있어 여러 종류의 부하는 물론 마찰 특성의 변화에도 양호한 제어 특성을 유지할 수 있었다. 제안한 제어시스템의 타당성을 보여주기 위해 축소된 형태의 LMTT 시뮬레이터를 제작하여, 이에 대해 시뮬레이션과 실험만을 수행하여 제안하는 방법의 타당성과 실현성을 입증하고자 하였다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.1
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• pp.327-332
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• 2006

In airborne gravimetry, there are two data streams. One is the specific force measured by an air/sea gravimeter or accelerometers, the other is kinematic acceleration measured by DGPS. And the difference of them provides the gravity disturbance information. To satisfy the requirement of most applications, an accuracy of 1mGal $(1mCal=10^{-5}m/s^{2})$ with a spatial resolution of 1km is the aim of current airborne gravimetry. There are two different methods to derive the kinematic acceleration. The generally used method is to differentiate the position twice, and the position can be calculated by commercial DGPS software. The main defect of this method is that integer ambiguities need to be fixed to get the precise position solution, but it's not a trivial thing for long base line. And to fix integer ambiguities, the noisier iono-free measurement is used. When differentiation is applied, noise is amplified and will influence the accuracy of acceleration. The other method is to get carrier phase acceleration by differentiate the carrier phase first, and then using the acceleration of GPS satellite to derive the vehicle acceleration. The main advantages include that fixing integer ambiguities is not needed anymore, position can be relaxed to about 10 meters, and smoother acceleration can be got since iono-free measurement is not needed. In some literatures, it's considered that the dynamic performance of the second method is inferior to that of the first. Through analysis, it is found that the performance degradation in dynamic environment results from the simplification of the GPS carrier phase observable model. And an iterative algorithm is presented to compensate the model error. Using a dynamic GPS data from an aeromagnetic survey, the importance of this compensation is showed at last.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2007

일반적으로 서보 제어 시스템에서 비선형 동적 특성을 갖는 마찰력은 제어기 성능에 악영향을 미친다. 특히, 선형으로 고려된 시스템에 제어기 이득을 잘 설계한다 하더라도 마찰 현상에 포함된 동적으로 변화하는 dead zone에 의한 정상상태 오차 및 리미트 사이클(limit Cycle) 등을 야기한다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 비선형 동적 마찰 성분을 효과적으로 보상하고 적응적으로 제어함으로써 차세대 항만 자동화 이송시스템으로 주목받고 있는 LMTT(linear motor-based transfer technology) 시스템의 위치 정밀도를 향상시키는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 본 제어대상은 셔틀카(shuttle car)와 컨테이너들의 다양한 중량과, 이로 인해 발생하는 동적 마찰 특성 파라미터들의 변화가 발생하므로 마찰력 내부 파라미터들의 추정이 요구된다. 제안하는 방법은 적응 backstepping 제어 기법으로 시스템이 안정하게 제어될 수 있는 조건으로 내부 파라미터 추정기를 설계하여 비선형 동적 마찰력을 보상하도록 하였다.