• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.618-628
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine the donators' characteristics and donative foods of both government-dominant and non-governmental food bank program, to understand the problems and benefits of food bank program, and to find the solutions to activate food bank program. The questionnaires were distributed to 120 food bank operators and 3 donators were selected from each food bank for the survey from April 2002 to May 2002. 118 sheets (32.8%) from government-dominant food bank and 53 sheets (20.1%) from non-governmental food bank were collected. The main results of this study were as follows: The largest donators to either government-dominant or non-governmental food bank programs were bakery and confectionery companies 31.4% and 45.3% respectively. The majority of donated foods were 'goods in stock' (55.6%) and frequency of donation were largely on a daily basis (27.1% for government-dominant and 22.6% for non-governmental). Some of the donators who had more donative food did not donate, and the reasons were closeness to expiration date of food (67.3%), lack of legal protection in the event of food poisoning (54.5%), and poor public image of food related accidents (52.3%).

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1055-1062
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• 2004

The food bank program is one of the social welfare programs that collects surplus food and grocery products from food service and manufacturing industries, and then distributes them to those in need. The objective of this study was to investigate the food donors' perception of the program and the current status of food donation, and make a few suggestions to improve the program. A total of 200 respondents from 84 restaurants, 40 buffet restaurants, 40 bakeries, and 36 contract food service management companies participated in this study. The average amount of surplus food was 5.39 kg/day, and its 51.4% was being done away with. One of the donation benefits that most respondents expected was public relations for themselves as a program participant. The respondents' main information sources about the program were newspapers, magazines, and TV. Needs assessments regarding the program information showed that the respondents needed information about formalities, process, and donation benefits. One of the major setbacks in improving the program was insufficient information on it.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.224-233
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• 2005

The objectives of this study were to (a) examine the users' characteristics of both government-dominant and non-governmental food bank programs, (b) understand the supporting quality of the food bank program, and (c) analyse the effectiveness of the programs from the users' perspectives. The random samples of 120 food bank operators were selected by proportionate stratified random sampling method and from each food bank, 3 users were selected for the survey. A total of 205 users were participated in this survey. The main results of this study were as follows; Average profile of food bank users were 58 year old, female, livelihood protectee ($56.6\%$). Food assistance frequency were mostly once a week ($34.1\%$), and everyday ($22.4\%$). The survey also showed that non-governmental food banks delivered the food directly to the $42.7\%$ of users, otherwise the users of government-dominant ones went to the food bank to receive the foods. Most of the donated foods were cooked food ($50.0\%$), and the users also wanted to receive that kinds of food. Saving food expenses ($55.6\%$) and overcoming hunger ($16.6\%$) were found as the effectiveness to the users.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.629-641
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• 2006

The objectives of this study were to: (a) examine the overall operating conditions of both government-dominant and non-governmental food bank programs, (b) understand the operational management attributes on the target based on IPA (importance performance analysis) (c) analyze the present status of donating management, and (d) suggest a direction based on the analysis of advantages and disadvantages of food banks in each part. The random samples of 120 food bank operators were selected by a proportionate stratified random sampling method. A total of 60 government-dominant food banks and 25 non-governmental food banks were analyzed. The main results of this study were as follows: Accord-ing to the Importance-Performance Analysis of operational management, 'assistance for operating funds' and 'deployment of experience staff' were placed at 'Focus Here'. There was a great shortage of experienced staff with food bank-specific knowledge. The average number of the government-dominant and non-governmental food bank program employees was 0.29 and 0.30 respectively, while the ratios of employees with other jobs were 0.96 and 0.83 respectively. Shortages of refrigeration facilities were an area that needs to be addressed. While 51.6% of donated food required cold storage, only 45% of government-dominant and 60% of non-governmental food bank programs had refrigeration facilities. Most of food bank operators (96.3%) were required to visit the donators' locations to pick up the donated foods. And the foods were distributed to the people in need, especially to the livelihood protectee.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.175-177
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• 2009

We have developed WinBioDBs with Windows interfaces, which include importing modules and searching interfaces for 10 major public databases such as GenBank, PIR, SwissProt, Pathway, EPD, ENZYME, REBASE, Prosite, Blocks, and Pfam. User databases can be constructed with searching results of queries and their entries can be edited. The program is a stand-alone database searching program on Windows PC. Database update features are supported by importing raw database files and indexing after downloading them. Users can adjust their own searching environments and report format and construct their own projects consisting of a combination of a local databases. WinBioDBs are implemented with VC++ and its database is based on MySQL.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.225-233
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• 2008

An Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB) is an archive for samples that can be used to document and assess the quality of the environment in which we live. An ESB program looks at changes in the concentration of human and environmental specimens over long periods of time through retrospective analysis of archived samples of a particular area collected at regular intervals. The idea of ESB was first proposed by German and American scientists in the early 1970s and has been established since 1979 in Germany, USA, and Japan. Korea plans to establish a National Environmental Specimen Bank (NESB) in 2010. The NESB will be able to assess and improve the quality of analytical measurements as well as to compare the past and current environmental quality as a time capsule. The concept and design for the NESB facility was developed and its Standard Operation Procedures (SOPs) are being developed based on an evaluation of ESBs and SOPs of Germany, USA, and Japan. Environmental specimens proposed for banking are based on typical representatives of every level of the food chain from each type of ecosystem that are widely distributed thus enabling comparisons between different sampling areas. Through retrospective analysis of environmental specimens, the NESB will improve the reliability of environmental monitoring, ecological risk assessment, and health impact assessment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.152-161
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• 2014

This paper aims to analyze qualitative, quantitative and kinds's satisfaction of donated food of low-income users and to propose reasonable suggestions to food assistant policy. The results of analysis are as follows. First, satisfaction level of quantitative is the lowest. Second, the quantitative and kind's satisfaction level of donated foods in the demographic characteristics show generally higher satisfaction level in the case charter or lent and poor health condition. The satisfaction level of donated foods in the economic characteristics show generally higher satisfaction level in the case low cost of living and foods. In general, low-income users in harsh environments show higher satisfaction all areas. Third, the result by features and satisfaction of food donated by the impact factor analysis, food market user's satisfaction of food is high more than food bank. In order to meet needs of various users, operational bodies need to put more efforts such as diversifying promotional strategies and developing programs and local and central government should effectively formulate welfare budget to support such efforts.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.240-252
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• 2006

A survey was implemented to suggest basic data for assuring the safety of cooked foods in foodbank operations. A questionnaire consisted of total 48 items including general characteristics, basic inputs and perceived importance/performance of sanitary management. One hundred twenty-eight responses among the 267 nationwide foodbanks were used for the statistical analysis. About forty-one percent of foodbanks was operated a period of 1-3 years and 43.0% of them were managed by social welfare organizations. The number of staff was only 0.5 person per operation with the whole responsibility and 1.0 with additional work, and thus most of the work was managed by volunteers. Job satisfaction was shown to be moderate and was affected by specialty and salary mostly. The facilities and equipment in foodbanks were not enough to operate and freezers/refrigerators were the top priority to supplement. Most of the respondents attended a nationwide level sanitary education program (79.7%); but complained not enough frequency of education (90%). The sanitary status of the donated foods was considered as satisfactory but some safety practices had to be improved, including personnel expenses and operating costs in the district level, a sanitary awareness of the donors and a general management of the facilities arid equipment. An assessment on sanitary management resulted in an overall average of 4.45 out of 5 points in importance and 3.85 in performance showing the high level of sanitation perception in foodbank managers. From the IPA analysis, the fields found to be improved were sanitation management during cooking and temperature control as well as cleanliness and sanitation of both transport vehicle and refrigerator/freezer. To secure the food safety in foodbanks, consequently, personnel support, supplement of facilities and equipment, intense sanitation education and development of sanitation management program is needed.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.7.1-7.7
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• 2024

Background: Infections of cats with Echinococcus granulosus is uncommon because the cat is not part of the parasite life cycle that a carnivorous and another herbivore represent. Nevertheless, it occurs incidentally when eating food or drinking water contaminated with the worm's larva, especially with the presence of the definitive host (dogs), in this case, the infections are concentrated in stray or outside cats. For this reason, this study examined the possibility of cat infection with E. granulosus and diagnosed the common genotype of this infection. Objective: This study examined the possibility of cat infection with E. granulosus and diagnosed the common genotype of this infection. Methods: Four of the 37 cats that had died in different accidents developed cystic echinococcosis (CE). The cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COX1) gene was initially amplified and sequenced to determine if these cysts belonged to E. granulosus, in beginning. The DNA fragments resulting from sequencing were then compared and aligned with other sequences using the Gene Bank database. Finally, a phylogenetic tree was drawn according to the sequence data obtained from cox1 genes sequencing, and the MEGA 7.0 phylogenetic analysis program was utilized. Results: Four different sequences were deposited in the Gen Bank with accession numbers (ON795961 to ON795964), all of which belong to the G1 genotype. Approximately 84% and 100% of these sequences aligned with G1 (AB622277.1) and G1 (MG722980.1), respectively. Conclusions: G1 is the dominant genotype that causes cat infections, even though the cat's EC infection was incidental.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.464-468
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• 2017

The identification of pork in commercially processed meats is one of the most crucial issues in the food industry because of religious food ethics, medical purposes, and intentional adulteration to decrease production cost. This study therefore aimed to develop a method for the detection of pork adulteration in meat products using primers specific for pig mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondrial DNA sequences for pig, cattle, chicken, and sheep were obtained from GenBank and aligned. The 294-bp mitochondrial DNA D-loop region was selected as the pig target DNA sequence and appropriate primers were designed using the MUSCLE program. To evaluate primer sensitivity, pork-beef-chicken mixtures were prepared as follows: i) 0% pork-50% beef-50% chicken, ii) 1% pork-49.5% beef-49.5% chicken, iii) 2% pork-49% beef-49% chicken, iv) 5% pork-47.5% beef-47.5% chicken, v) 10% pork-45% beef-45% chicken, and vi) 100% pork-0% beef-0% chicken. In addition, a total of 35 commercially packaged products, including patties, nuggets, meatballs, and sausages containing processed chicken, beef, or a mixture of various meats, were purchased from commercial markets. The primers developed in our study were able to detect as little as 1% pork in the heat treated pork-beef-chicken mixtures. Of the 35 processed products, three samples were pork positive despite being labeled as beef or chicken only or as a beef-chicken mix. These results indicate that the developed primers could be used to detect pork adulteration in various processed meat products for application in safeguarding religious food ethics, detecting allergens, and preventing food adulteration.