• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.155-160
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• 1999

Recently, the study on mix design of lightweight concrete using the polystyrene foam balls is put into practice from the viewpoint to grade up the quality of concrete and recyclable usage of industrial by products. Polystyrene aggregate concrete, PAC, can be used as structural concrete in low strength application. For instance, PAC could be used in the middle part of sandwich panel where stresses are generally low and in the case of grid-type reinforcement where it does not need high bond strength but little compressive strength to resist the pressure of transverse reinforcement. From this point of view, the authors discussed the influence of fluidity and compressive strength of concrete by the difference of the volume percentage of polystyrene foam balls and water cement ratio.

• Composites Research
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2011

풀아웃 하중을 받는 복합재 샌드위치 체결부의 파손 거동을 시험으로 연구하였다. 체결의 방식과 코어의 종류를 달리하여 5종류, 총 30개의 시편에 대해 시험을 수행하였다. 시험 결과, 노멕스 하니콤 코어를 사용할 경우 코어의 강성에 의해 지배되는 전단좌굴이 먼저 발생하고, 이후 50~200% 정도의 추가적인 하중을 지지하다가, 면재가 찢어지는 최종파손이 발생하였다. 반면에 PMI 폼을 사용하면 하중 초기에 코어의 전단파손이 발생하며 지지하중도 크게 저하되는 것을 확인하였다. 파손모드를 고려한 설계의 관점에서 볼 때, 노멕스 코어를 사용할 경우 코어의 강성과 면재의 강성 및 강도를 동시에 고려해야 하는 반면, 폼 코어를 사용할 경우 코어의 전단파손 하중을 높이는 것이 가장 중요한 것으로 나타났다.

• Composites Research
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.96-102
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 황마 단섬유 강화 폴리유산을 코어 폼으로 하고 연속 유리 섬유 강화 폴리유산을 외곽 스킨으로 하는 샌드위치 패널 구조의 황마 단섬유 강화 폴리유산 복합재료를 제작하였고, 황마 섬유 무게 비에 따른 복합재의 굽힘 특성을 관찰하였다. 코어 폼의 밀도는 0.31-0.67 $g/cm^3$ 기공함량비는 0.51-0.71이었다. 최대 굽힘강도는 황마 섬유 무게비 12.5 wt.%에서 92.7 MPa, 최대 굽힘 탄성계수는 황마 섬유 무게비 30.0 wt.%에서 7.58 GPa 으로 측정되었다. 경제성 분석을 실시했으며 적용 부재의 굽힘 강도를 향상시키기 위한 비용은 황마 섬유 무게 비가 12.5 wt.%일 때 $0.010USD/m^3/MPa$로 계산되었다.

• Composites Research
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.279-283
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• 2019

구체 비행 시뮬레이터는 6자유도 운동과 무제한 회전 운동을 정밀하고 신속하게 제어하는 비행 훈련용 시뮬레이터이다. 이러한 시뮬레이터를 제작하기 위해서는 고강도 경량화 설계 및 검증이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 유리섬유강화플라스틱과 폼코어로 구성된 샌드위치 복합재를 이용하여 높은 비강도와 비강성을 확보하고, 내부에 T형 스테인리스 스틸 프레임을 삽입하여 하중에 의한 구체 곡률 변형이 최소화되도록 시뮬레이터를 설계하였다. 그 결과 구체가 접촉하는 각 영역에 균일한 토크 전달이 가능해지고 제어 정확도를 높일 수 있다. 시뮬레이터의 구조 안정성 평가를 위해 유한요소해석을 수행하였으며 재료에 대한 기계적 물성은 ASTM 규격에 따라 측정되었다. 하중 조건은 중력가속도를 고려하고 실제 탑재될 장비와 사용자의 무게를 200 kg으로 가정하였다. 두 가지 상황을 모사하여 하중과 자중에 의해 시뮬레이터에 작용하는 응력과 변위를 해석하고 안전성을 검증하였다.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.414-420
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• 2013

Research on decreasing the weight of composite sandwich panels is in progress. This paper reports the experimental results for the mechanical behavior of a composite sandwich panel. The skins of sandwich panels were made of glass fiber sheets and plywood matrix composites. Their interior layers consisted of glass fiber pultrusion pipes and gold foam. Experimental tests were performed to obtain the mechanical properties and complex mechanical behavior. Before fatigue tests, tensile tests and 3-point bending tests were carried out to obtain the optimal design and determine their strength and failure mechanisms in the flat-wise position. After the static test, a fatigue test were conducted at a load frequency of 5 Hz, stress ratio (R) of 0.1, and endurance limit for the S-N curve. It showed that the failure modes were related to both the core design and skin failure.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.54-63
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to analyse deformation properties by carrying out of flexure experimentations after fabricating polymer concrete sandwich panels which are composed of the polymer concrete in facing and expanded polystyren in cores, and to provide the basic data necessary to design, fabricate and operate the structure using these polymer concrete sandwich panels The analysed result of this study is summarized as follows. 1. The result of experiment on flexural deflection indicated that the thicker the thickness of both cores and facing of the polymer concrete sandwich panels, the smaller the deflection but the larger the ultimate shear force. In addition, it was also shown that the thicker the thickness of these cores and facing, the smaller the increasing rate of the deflection with the increase of load. 2. The breaking shape of polymer concrete sandwich panels by experiment on flexure was different according to the thickness of facing. When the facing was 5mm in thickness, it was the flexure while it was the flexure and shear failure when the facing was 5mm in thickness. As a result, it seems that the thickness of the facing has a great effect on failure. 3. There were induced not only the related formula between load, deflection and deformation according to the thickness of cores and facing on the basis of the flexure experiment, but also formula between load, horizontal displacement, Then, it seems that it will be possible to estimate the above elements by using these related formulas.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.491-504
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• 2018

Because of sandwich structures with low weight and high stiffness have much usage in various industries such as civil and aerospace engineering, in this article, buckling and free vibration analyses of coupled micro composite sandwich plates are investigated based on sinusoidal shear deformation (SSDT) and most general strain gradient theories (MGSGT). It is assumed that the sandwich structure rested on an orthotropic elastic foundation and make of four composite face sheets with temperature-dependent material properties that they reinforced by carbon and boron nitride nanotubes and two flexible transversely orthotropic cores. Mathematical formulation is presented using Hamilton's principle and governing equations of motions are derived based on energy approach and applying variation method for simply supported edges under electro-magneto-thermo-mechanical, axial buckling and pre-stresses loadings. In order to predict the effects of various parameters such as material length scale parameter, length to width ratio, length to thickness ratio, thickness of face sheets to core thickness ratio, nanotubes volume fraction, pre-stress load and orthotropic elastic medium on the natural frequencies and critical buckling load of double-bonded micro composite sandwich plates. It is found that orthotropic elastic medium has a special role on the system stability and increasing Winkler and Pasternak constants lead to enhance the natural frequency and critical buckling load of micro plates, while decrease natural frequency and critical buckling load with increasing temperature changes. Also, it is showed that pre-stresses due to help the axial buckling load causes that delay the buckling phenomenon. Moreover, it is concluded that the sandwich structures with orthotropic cores have high stiffness, but because they are not economical, thus it is necessary the sandwich plates reinforce by carbon or boron nitride nanotubes specially, because these nanotubes have important thermal and mechanical properties in comparison of the other reinforcement.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2007

The preparation of oil absorbent using waste polyurethane was studied. And the effects of shape, size, and contents of waste polyurethane foam was investigated. The waste foam was treated in shape of powder, cube and bar type generated from rigid sandwich panel process. The tests for flexural strength, combustibility, and water absorptivity were carried out to investigate the mechanical and physical properties of the recycled foams. And the cell microstructure was evaluated through Scanning Electron Micrograph. The recycled foam containing powder-shaped underfilled and showed poor properties that was generated through reactivity of the resins and increasing of slurry viscosity. For the recycled foam with the cube and bar-shaped, the underfilling was caused by interference between the waste PUFs and increasing surface areas of PUF. Low cell density, non-uniformity of cell shape and size, and low adhesion of the boundary surface (new/recycled) was showed as a result of the poor properties. Considering underfilling and the properties of PUF (new/recycled), maximum recycle contents were less than 20 wt% for the powder and above 40 wt% for the cube and bar.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.333-346
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• 2019

Foam ceramic materials contribute to the explosion effect weakening on concrete structures, due to the corresponding excellent energy absorption ability. The blast resistance of concrete members could be improved through steel-foam ceramics as protective cladding layers. An approach for the modeling of dynamic response of steel-foam ceramic protected reinforced concrete (Steel-FC-RC) slabs under blast loading was presented with the LS-DYNA software. The orthogonal analysis (five factors with five levels) under three degrees of blast loads was conducted. The influence rankings and trend laws were further analyzed. The dynamic displacement of the slab bottom was significantly reduced by increasing the thickness of steel plate, foam ceramic and RC slab, while the displacement decreased slightly as the steel yield strength and the compressive strength of concrete increased. However, the optimized efficiency of blast resistance decreases with factors increase to higher level. Moreover, an efficient design method was reported based on the orthogonal analysis.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.91-92
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• 2006

Metallic foams have a combination of attractive properties such as high specific mechanical properties and good energy absorption characteristics. This paper presents the properties of steel foam sandwiches produced using powder metallurgy approach. Metallic powder, solid polymeric binder and a foaming agent are dry-mixed and molded into the desired shape. The molded powder mix is then heat-treated to foam, debind and sinter the material. The resulting material has an open cell structure with high porosity. The structure and properties of sandwiches specimens produced with the process are presented and discussed.