• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2005

The ground and excited state dipole moments of Coumarin 450 (C 450) laser dye were measured at room temperature in several solvents of varying dipole moments. The ground state dipole moment (${\mu}_g$) is estimated by using the modified Onsagar model and the excited state dipole moments (${\mu}_e$) were estimated by the method of solvatochromism as well as by utilizing the microscopic solvent polarity parameter ($E^N_T$). Further, the deviation of some of the points from the linearity of the $E^N_T$ versus Stokes shift indicates the existence of specific type of solute-solvent interaction. The excited state dipole moment of C 450 were found to be higher than those of the ground state and is interpreted in terms of the resonance structure of the molecule. A reasonable agreement has been observed between the values obtained by the method of solvatochromism and modified Onsagar model. It is observed that, corresponding to cyclohexane solution, the fluorescence maxima shift towards the red region with increasing the polarity of the solvents, hence the transition involved are of ${\pi}-{\pi}^*$ type.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2009

The focus of this work is placed on the analysis of the mixture formation process under the evaporative diesel-free spray conditions. In order to examine homogeneity of mixture within the vapor phase region of the injected spray, image analysis was carried out based on the entropy of statistical thermodynamics. As an experimental parameter, the injection pressure and ambient gas density were selected, and effects of the injection pressure and density variation of ambient gas on the mixture formation process in the evaporative diesel spray were investigated. In the case of application of the thermodynamic entropy analysis to evaporative diesel spray, the value of the dimensionless entropy always increases with increase in time from injection start. Consequently, the dimensionless entropy in the case of the higher injection pressure is higher than that of lower injection pressure during initial injection period.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.84-85
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• 2004

Experimental study was conducted to characterize shear-induced lateral migration of $1.0-{\mu}m-diameter$ Brownian particles flowing through a rectangular microchannel which can be used to deliver small amount of liquids, drugs, biological agents and particles in microfluidic devices. Measurements were obtained by using a mercury lamp with a light of 532-nm wavelength, an inverted epi-fluorescence microscope, and a cooled CCD camera to record particle images. Peclet number was used as a parameter to assess the lateral distribution of the particles at a fixed volume fraction of $0.1\%$. It was shown that as Pe increased, particles were moved toward the centerline of the channel, which is in good agreement with previous studies.

• 한국동굴학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동굴학회 1994년도 제 6차 국제학술회 ASIA 동굴 SIMPOSIUM
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• pp.108-109
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• 1994

Cheju island is situated at about 90km south of southern most tip of the Korean peninsula. Its shape is an ellips with size of 80$\times$$40km^2$, and it is characterized by a symmetrical form whose peak is Mt. Halla (1950m). Major chemical composition of the rock samples from Manjang gul cave is determined by XRF using the fundamental parameter method consisting of fully auto quantitative analysis, semi quantitative analysis (order estimation) and group quantitative analysis. Judging from chemical composition ($SiO_2=53.07Wt% Fe_2O_3=11.34Wt%, MgO=6.48Wt%, Na_2O=3.07Wt%, K_2O=1.05Wt%$), this rocks may belong to non alkalic basalt. K-Ar ages of two rocks samples from the Manjang gul cave are also determined. The discrepancy of K-Ar ages is found. They are 0.03Ma and 0.42Ma, respectively. This paper describes some problems experienced in dating young volcanic rocks and then discusses chemical composition, X-ray fluorescence analysis and the age of the formation of a lava tunnel such as Manjang gul cave in cheju Island.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2001

a, a parameter that describes how effectively photoinactivated PS II units protect their functional neighbours; car, carotenoids; ΔpH, transthylakoid pH difference; D1 protein, psbA gene product in the PS II reaction centre; f, functional fraction of PS II: F$\_$v//F$\_$m/, the ratio of variable to maximum chlorophyll a fluorescence; k$\_$d/, rate coefficient for degradation of D1 protein; k$\_$i/ and k$\_$r/, rate coefficient for photoinactivation and repair of PS II, respectively; NADP+, oxidized nicontinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; P680, the primary electron donor in the PSII reaction centre; Ph, pheophytin; PS, photosystem; Q$\_$A/, first quinone acceptor of an electron in PS II; R$\_$s/, the gross rate of D1 protein synthesis.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.215-220
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• 1987

Under the extreme change of the environment, animals react physiologically to adapt to the stress and secrete catecholamines. Cold exposure is a kind of the environmental stress. Author tried to determine the amount of catecholamines in rat urine as a parameter of physiological response to cold stress. Urinary catecholamine was measured by using HPLC with fluorescence detector, cation exchange column prepacked with Bio·Rex 70 and ammonium pentaborate as catecholamine eluent. The amount of dopaminc in normal state rat urine was 42.0 ng, but under the low temperature of $5^{\circ}C$, the dopamine amount was increased to 221.25 ng/5 ml. Above findings are suggesting that catecholamine secretion, especially dopamine, increases in the stressful condition such as cold exposure.

• 동굴
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• 제20권21호
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• pp.34-43
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• 1989

Cheju island is situated at about 60km south of southern most tip of the Korean peninsula. Its shape is an ellips with size of 80*40$\textrm{km}^2$, and it is characterized by a symmetrical form whose peak is Mt. Halla(1950m). Major chemical composition of the rock samples from Manjang gul cave is determined by XRF using the fundamental parameter method consisting of fully auto quantitative analysis, semi quantitative analysis (order estimation) and group quantitative analysis. Judging from chemical composition (SiO$_2$ = 53.07Wt％, Fe$_2$O$_3$ = 11.34Wt％, MgO=6.48Wt％, Na$_2$O=3.07Wt％, $K_2$O=1.05Wt％), this rocks from the Manjang gul cave are also determined. The discrepancy of K-Ar ages is found. They are 0.03 Ma and 0.42Ma, respectively. This paper describes some problems experienced in dating young volcanic rocks and then discusses chemical composition, X-ray fluorescence analysis and the age of the formation of a lava tunnel such as Manjang gul cave in cheju Island.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2008

The objective of this study was two folds: to investigate the relationship between paternal identification rate and sperm quality parameters such as motility and sperm chromatin structure assay after heterospermic insemination; to see if mutual complement between tests and development of useful technique to enhance the fertility in artificial insemination. In individual boar's fertilizing ability, 3 high fertility boars showed significantly high fertility (p<0.05) compared to 3 low fertility boars, but there was no difference in litter size between two groups. Sperm motility test in pooled and individual semen using computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) revealed that no significant difference among boars. The high fertile boar showed tendency of low %Red (High red fluorescence/green+red fluorescence) in sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) but paternal identification rate from piglets did not differ after heterospermic insemination. The correlation coefficient between individual or pooled semen function test and farrowing rates were well correlated as follows: %Red with litter size (r= - 0.53, p=0.03); %Red with paternal identification rates (r=-0.51, p=0.03); paternal identification rates with litter size (r=0.57, p=0.02). These results indicate that sperm chromatin structure assay and sperm quality parameter test in pooled semen are useful method to predict and evaluate the fertilizing capacity after heterospermic insemination in boars.

• 환경생물
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 엽록소 형광반응 (OJIP)분석을 통해 고추재배에서 폐달걀 분해 액비의 생육증진효과에 대하여 평가하였다. 고추재배 전기간을 통하여 고추의 생장은 통계학적으로 유의성을 보이지는 않았으나, 폐달걀 분해 액비를 처리한 실험구에서 좋은 생육을 보였다. 엽록소 형광반응 실험 시작한 후 무처리구의 엽록소 형광량이 분해 액비의 형광량보다 커서 분해 액비 처리구의 광이용 효율이 더 좋았음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 결국 광합성량의 증가로 이어질 것으로 판단된다. 광화학 매개변수 중 Fo, ABS/RC, RC/ABS, TRo/RC, $DI_0$/RC, $\text{DF_{TOTAL ABS}}$ 등 6개 parameter가 광화학 반응의 효율을 나타내는 중요한 요인으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.567-573
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• 2010

To ascertain the effect of over-expressed maize calreticulin in tomato plant on tobamovirus movement in addition to validating potentiality of the gene (ZmCRT) as a means for the virus-resistance resource, four ZmCRT-expressing homozygous lines were generated from the T0 plants as using an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, nucleic acid analyses, and a conventional breeding method. Of them, a line was subjected to the bioassay for tolerances to tobacco mosaic virus-U1 (TMV-U1) and tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) followed by RT-PCR and a chlorophyll fluorescence quenching analyses. Both transgenic plants transcribing ZmCRT and wild-type plants showed no symptom by 20 days after viruses inoculation, however the photosystem II quantum yield parameter measured from the upper leaves of ToMV-inoculated plants revealed that ZmCRT transgenic plants have higher photosynthetic ability than wild-type ones at that time, which indirectly implies that over-expressed ZmCRT product acts as a barrier to the cell-to-cell and/or systemic movement of ToMV. Moreover, ZmCRT transgenic plants showed remarkably longer shoot length than wild-type ones in 40 days after TMV-U1 or ToMV inoculation each, which might be resulted from higher photosynthetic ability during the phase not yet showing any external symptoms. Collectively, over-expressed ZmCRT protein in tomato plants is able to interrupt the systemic movement of infected TMV-U1 and ToMV even though not perfect.