• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.26 no.8
• /
• pp.351-356
• /
• 2014

Typical trouble patterns in solar thermal systems include working fluid leakage and freezing other than breakdown of pump. A fluid sensor for measuring electric resistance of fluid was developed and installed at the top of the collector piping in order to check the fault of solar system. Working fluid level in the pipe was determined by measuring electric resistance from a fluid sensor. On the base of this, it was confirmed that the fluid sensor diagnoses leakage of fluid. Electric resistance of propylene glycol aqueous solution was measured in the range of $0{\sim}70^{\circ}C$ and 0~40% of concentration. The response surface analysis was performed by using a central composite design, and the regression equation was derived from the relationship between electric resistance, temperature, and concentration. Through the experiment in a real solar system, we can estimate a concentration of working fluid when a pump is not operating and predict a possibility of freezing. Finally, an effective algorithm for trouble shooting was proposed to operate and maintain the solar system.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.275-296
• /
• 2016

This paper focuses on developing a new configuration on magnetorheological (MR) brake damper as prosthetic knee. Prosthetic knee uses magnetic fields to vary the viscosity of the MR fluid, and thereby its flexion resistance. Exerted transmissibility torque of the knee greatly depends on the magnetic field intensity in the MR fluid. In this study a rotary damper using MR fluid is addressed in which a single rotary disc will act as a brake while MR fluid is activated by magnetic field in different walking gait. The main objective of this study is to investigate a prosthetic knee with one activating rotary disc to accomplish necessary braking torque in walking gait via T-shaped drum with arc surface boundary and implementing of Newton's equation of motion to derive generated torque at the inner surface of the rotary drum. For this purpose a novel configuration of a T-shaped drum based on the effects of a material deformation process is proposed. In this new design, the T-shaped disc will increase the effective areas of influences in between drum and MR fluid together and the arc wall crushes the particles chains (fibrils) of the MR fluid together instead of breaking them via strain in a conventional MR brake. To verify the proposed MR brake, results of the proposed and conventional MR brakes are compared together and demonstrated that the resisting torque of the proposed MR brake is almost two times greater than that of the conventional brake.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2003.09a
• /
• pp.481-488
• /
• 2003

A fluid-structure-isolator interaction program was developed in this study. The behavior of liquid regions are simulated by the boundary element method, and then the technique of analyzing the free surface motion in time domain is developed by using the nonlinear free surface boundary condition(NFBC) and the condition of interface between the structure and the fluid. Structure regions are modeled by the finite element method. In order to construct the governing equation of the fluid structure interaction(FSI)problem in time domain, the finite elements for a structure and boundary elements for liquid are coupled using the equilibrium condition, the compatibility condition and NFBC. The isolator is simulated by equation proposedin 3D Basis Me. In order to verify the validity and the applicability of the developed fluid- structure -Isolator interaction program, The horizontal forced vibration analysis was performed. The applicability of the developed method is verified through the artificial seismic analysis of real size liquid storage tank.

• Design & Manufacturing
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.8-12
• /
• 2017

In general, metallic bio-materials is more widely used in solid tissue like bone or tooth than flexible tissue such as skin or muscle. Especially, Cobalt Chrome Molybdenum(Co-Cr-Mo), which is used in tooth surgery, has a great corrosion resistance. Because this bio-material is non-toxic in human body, and has a bio-compatibility that the vital reaction is not occurred with tissue in body. However the chemical reaction is occurred by fatal matter that deteriorate the property of material surface in conventional polishing, and it can affect to fatal disease in human body or decrease the material properties such as hardness, yield strength or bio-compatibility. This surface in poor condition can cause development of corrosion or bacteria. In this study, MR fluid polishing is used to minimize the scratch, pit or surface flaws generated in conventional polishing. Surface roughness is measured according to the polishing condition to obtain fine surface condition.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.181-201
• /
• 2013

The main objective of this work is to investigate the sloshing behavior in a baffled and unbaffled three dimensional annular-sectored water pool (i.e., tank) which is located at dome region of the primary containment. Initially two case studies were performed for validation. In these case studies, the theoretical and experimental results were compared with numerical results and good agreement was found. After the validation of present numerical procedure, an annular-sectored water pool has been taken for numerical investigation. One sector is taken for analysis from the eight sectored water pool. The free surface is captured by Volume of Fluid (VOF) technique and the fluid portion is solved by finite volume method while the structure portions are solved by finite element approach. Baffled and un-baffled cases were compared to show the reduction in wave height under excitation. The complex mechanical interaction between the fluid and pool wall deformation is simulated using a partitioned strong fluid-structure coupling.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.127-131
• /
• 2010

A two-layer fluid with free surface is simulated in the time domain by a two-dimensional potential-based Numerical Wave Tank (NWT). The developed NWT is based on the boundary element method and a leap-frog time integration scheme. A whole domain scheme including interaction terms between two layers is applied to solve the boundary integral equation. The time histories of surface elevations on both fluid layers in the respective wave modes are verified with analytic results. The amplitude ratios of upper to lower elevation for various density ratios and water depths are also compared.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.138-143
• /
• 2012

A polishing method using magnetorheological (MR) fluid has been developed as a new precision technique to obtain a fine surface. The process uses a MR fluid that consists of magnetic carbonyl iron (CI) particles, nonmagnetic polishing abrasives, water and stabilizers. But the CI particles in MR fluids cause a severe corrosion problem. When coated with Xanthan gum, the CI particles showed long-term stability in corrosive aqueous environment. The surface roughness obtained from the MR polishing process was evaluated. A series of experiments were performed on fused silica glass using prepared slurries and various process conditions, including different polishing times. Outstanding surface roughness of Ra=2.27nm was obtained on the fused silica glass. The present polishing method could be used to produce ultra-precision micro parts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.38-44
• /
• 2004

Theoretical and numerical studies are given to the sink flows within a rotating circular tank driven by the fluid withdrawal from a bottom circular hole. It was found that, when the upper free surface was set with no-slip boundary conditions, the Ekman boundary-layer develops not only above the bottom surface but under the top surface. The sink fluid is coming from the two Ekman layers, and the mass transfer from the bulk, inviscid region is dependent on the rotational speed. It is also remarkable to see that all the fluid gathered along the axis flows in a form of rapidly rotating fluid column haying almost the same diameter as the bottom hole.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.46-51
• /
• 2009

The slip effect from the molecular interaction between fluid particles and solid surface atoms plays a key role in microscale fluid transport and heat transfer since the relative importance of surface forces increases as the size of the system decreases to the microscale. There exist two models to describe the slip effect: the Maxwell slip model in which the slip correction is made on the basis of the degree of shear stress near the wall surface and the Langmuir slip model based on a theory of adsorption of gases on solids. In this study, as the first step towards developing a general purpose numerical code of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations for computational simulations of microscale fluid flow and heat transfer, two slip models are implemented into a finite element numerical code of a simplified equation. In addition, a pressure-driven gas flow in a microchannel is investigated by the numerical code in order to validate numerical results.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.24 no.12
• /
• pp.1555-1569
• /
• 2000

Numerical simulation of fluid flow with moving free surface has been carried out. For the free surface flow, a VOF(Volume of Fluid)-based algorithm utilizing a fixed grid system has been investigated. In order to reduce numerical smearing at the free surface represented on a fixed grid system, a new free surface tracking algorithm based on the donor-acceptor scheme has been presented. Novel features of the proposed algorithm are characterized as two numerical tools; the orientation vector to represent the free surface orientation in each cell and the baby-cell to determine the fluid volume flux at each cell boundary. The proposed algorithm can be easily implemented in any irregular non-uniform grid systems that are usual in finite element method (FEM). Moreover, the proposed algorithm can be extended and applied to the 3-D free surface flow problem without additional efforts. For computation of unsteady incompressible flow, a finite element approximation based on the explicit fractional step method has been adopted. In addition, the SUPG(streamline upwind/Petrov-Galerkin) method has been implemented to deal with convection dominated flows. Combination of the proposed free surface tracking scheme and explicit fractional step formulation resulted in an efficient solution algorithm. Validity of the present solution algorithm was demonstrated from its application to the broken dam and the solitary wave propagation problems.