• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.248-258
• /
• 1997

The analytical solutions of the Fraunhofer Diffraction(FD) theory and the principle for measurement of the dispersion relation of plasma wave is presented. Especially, the method for measurement of low-frequency wave is discussed. The wavenumbers of the density fluctuations are obtained from the curve fitting between the expremental FD profile and theoretical one for each frequency component. In measurement of the wavenumber of the low -frequency region, the information of the wavenumber is easily obtained from the ratio of the intensity at = 0 to the intensity at =0.5. The millimeter wave FD apparatus was designed to measure low-frequency density fluctuations. The determined wavenumbers are in the range of =0.1~ 1.0cm. Thus, the millimeter wave FD method was shown to be useful for the measurement of low-frequency density fluctuations, which are impossible to be measured by using a convention. Thomson scattering. The obtained dispersion relations will be useful information for plasma waves.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.117-126
• /
• 1988

This paper attempts to characterize general tendency in water level fluctuations at paddy fields, that may be important to efficient irrigation water uses Banweol district was chosen to be the study area, and water levels among irrigation practice parameters were measured daily throughout the irrigation periods of 1985-1986. Time series analyses showed that water levels at fields have strong serial correlationships. A rather long term periodicity was also observed from spectral analyses. Correlationships between water levels at adjacent fields ranged 0.4-0.9, indicating wide variations in irrigation practices. The water levels showed little correlationships with meteorological factors like evapotranspiration, nor with irrigation practices like water supply rates. Standard errors of the average water levels were computed for different number of field plots within a block. The results indicated that low level areal coverage of gauging plots may be applied for field monitoring of daily water level fluctuations.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.23 no.12
• /
• pp.1749-1753
• /
• 2002

The effect of concentration fluctuations on the changes of azimuth and ellipticity are analytically obtained in a binary chiral liquid mixture, when the incident light is completely linearly polarized above (or below) the horizontal at 45°. The important results are as follows;(1) When the binary liquid is in the critical region far from the cr5itical point, the ellipticity change is proportional to isothermal compressibility factor and the fifth order of frequency and shows the logarithmic divergence. (2) In the case that the system is in the critical region far from the critical point, the azimuth change is solely due to the molecular contribution. As the system approaches to the critical point, the effect of fluctuations becomes important. If it is in the extreme close to the critical point, the term due to the concentration fluctuations is comparable to or larger than the molecular contribution.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.47-56
• /
• 2011

Our previous experimental and numerical investigations of decelerated swirling flows in conical diffusers have demonstrated that water jet injection along the symmetry axis mitigates the pressure fluctuations associated with the precessing vortex rope. However, for swirling flows similar to Francis turbines operated at partial discharge, the jet becomes effective when the jet discharge is larger than 10% from the turbine discharge, leading to large volumetric losses when the jet is supplied from upstream the runner. As a result, we introduce the flow-feedback approach for supplying the jet by using a fraction of the discharge collected downstream the conical diffuser. Experimental investigations on mitigating the pressure fluctuations generated by the precessing vortex rope and investigations of pressure recovery coefficient on the cone wall with and without flow-feedback method are presented.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.24 no.7
• /
• pp.945-956
• /
• 2000

The axisymmetric bodies considered in this study have hemispherical and ellipsoidal noses. The near-field pressure fluctuations over each nose model at $Re_D=2.43{\times}10^5$ were investigated in the laminar separation region and developing turbulent boundary layers using a 1/8' pin-holed microphone sensor. The wall pressure fluctuations were also measured in an axisymmetric boundary layer on a cylinder parallel to mean flow at a momentum thickness Reynolds number of 850 and a boundary layer thickness to cylinder radius ratio of 1.88.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.31 no.2 s.257
• /
• pp.202-207
• /
• 2007

In order to understand the phenomena of combustion instability, an experimental study was conducted at the moderate pressure and ambient temperature conditions. The flame behavior and the pressure fluctuations were measured in a dump combustor. Various types of combustion modes occurred in accordance with the equivalence ratio and the fuel supplying conditions. The fluctuation of pressure, heat release and equivalence ratio were measured by piezoelectric pressure sensor, high speed Intensified Charge Coupled Device (HICCD) camera and gas chromatography respectively. Two representative modes were self-excited pressure oscillations at the resonance of combustion chamber (200Hz) and instabilities related to the modulated fuel flow rate through the fuel holes (10Hz). It is found that, especially in an unchoked fuel flow condition, the modulation of the fuel flow rate affects the characteristics of flame behavior and pressure fluctuations in a lean premixed flame.

• Journal of Magnetics
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.306-314
• /
• 2017

Nowadays power quality effects on induction motors have gained significant attention due to wide application of these motors in industry. The impact of grid voltage fluctuations on the induction motor behavior is one of the important issues to be studied by power engineers. The degree of iron saturation is a paramount factor affecting induction motors performance. This paper investigates the effects of voltage fluctuations on motor magnetic saturation based on the harmonic content of airgap flux density by finite element method (FEM). It is clarified that the saturation harmonics under normal range of voltage fluctuations have not changed significantly with respect to pure sinusoidal conditions. Experimental results on a 1.1 kW, 380 V, 50 Hz, 2 pole induction motor are employed to validate the accuracy of the simulation results.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.196-202
• /
• 2012

We observe that the transmission and reflection efficiencies of a one-dimensional metallic grating under transverse-magnetic illumination calculated using the Fourier modal method (FMM) with the Fourier factorization rules have peculiar fluctuations, albeit small in magnitude, as the number of field harmonics increases. It is shown that when the number of Fourier terms for the electromagnetic field is increased from that in the conventional FMM, the fluctuations due to non-convergent highly evanescent eigenmodes can be eliminated. Our examination reveals that the fluctuations originate from the Gibbs phenomenon inherent in the Fourier-series representation of a permittivity function with discontinuities, and from non-convergence of highly evanescent internal Bloch eigenmodes.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.45-51
• /
• 1998

An analyzing method for pressure fluctuations in oil hydraulic pipe network was developed in this study. The object pipe network has multi-branch configuration, and the pipelines of it are composed of metal tubes and flexible hoses. Transfer matrix method, in other words impedance method, was used for the analysis. Values of physical parameters describing the characteristics of flexible hose were measured by experiments and reflected to the analysing procedure. The reliability and usefulness of the analyzing method were confirmed by investigating computed results and experimental results got in this study.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.259-269
• /
• 2016

In this work results from an underwater experiment on flow-induced noise in the interior of a towed body generated from a surrounding turbulent boundary layer are presented. The measurements were performed with a towed body under open sea conditions at towing depths below 100 m and towing speeds ranging from 2.4 m/s to 6.2 m/s (4 kn to 12 kn). Focus is given in the experiments to the relation between (outer) wall pressure fluctuations and the (inner) hydroacoustic near-field on the reverse side of a flat plate. The plate configuration consists of a sandwich structure with an (thick) outer polyurethane layer supported by an inner thin layer from fibre-reinforced plastics. Parameters of the turbulent boundary layer are estimated in order to analyse scaling relations of wall-pressure fluctuations, interior hydroacoustic noise, and the reduction of pressure fluctuations through the plate.