• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.337-347
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• 2016

Based on genetic studies and palaeoecological surveys, the main Korean mountain range, the so-called "Baekdudaegan" (BDDG), has been recently suggested to be a major glacial refugium at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) for the boreal and temperate flora of northeastern Asia. On the basis of its shared role as a glacial refugium, and on a series of striking similarities in floristic richness and orographic features, the BDDG would constitute a sort of "eastern counterpart" of the Southern Appalachians. Given its floristic, biogeographic, and cultural value, the BDDG merits high priority for conservation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.29-34
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• 2009

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.222-246
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• 2012

Present paper is an outcome of a four-year floristic survey work carried out in Upper Siang district of eastern Himalayan region in India which is also recognized as one of the 39 known 'Biodiversity Hot-Spots' of the world. We present here with a vegetation analysis of this area along with a checklist of 1,003 taxa belonging to 110 families, 529 genera, 994 species, 1 subspecies and 8 varieties of the angiosperms. Besides, one new species, 3 new records to India and 82 endemic species were also recorded. The diversity of herbs and shrubs were found higher than the tree species. Orchidaceae was found the most dominant family followed by Poaceae and Fabaceae. Many threatened plants have also been reported from the area. However, rapid urbanization and Jhum cultivation are imposing direct threat to the natural vegetation. We suggest some conservation measures that could help protecting this natural heritage.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.178-213
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of Baengnyeongdo (Isl.). The vascular plants which were collected in 5 times (from Aug. 2011 and Nov. 2012) were identified as 732 taxa in total, including 124 families, 411 genera, 647 species, 8 subspecies, 68 varieties, 7 forms and 2 hybrids. 193 of these taxa were first records for the region. In the flora of this area, the endangered plants designated and protected by the wildlife protection law, the Ministry of Environment, Korea were counted to two taxa. Korean endemics plants numbered 8 taxa, and 78 taxa of specially designated floristic regional indicator plants by the Ministry of Environment. And rare plants were identified as 20 taxa. Based on the list of southern and northern limit of distribution plants, 30 taxa and 43 taxa of halophytes were recorded in the investigated area. The naturalized plants were identified as 92 taxa, and their naturalization ratio were found to be 12.5%, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.133-154
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• 2014

We investigated the flora of Yeoseo-do (N $33^{\circ}58^{\prime}$, E $126^{\circ}55^{\prime}$), located in Wando-gun, Jeollanam-do, South Korea and discussed the vascular plants found there. Four separate field trips were completed from April to October of 2013. The vascular plants were summarized as 463 taxa; 112 families, 306 genera, 409 species, 6 subspecies, 42 varieties, 5 forms and 1 hybrids. The number of endemic species of Korea were 6 taxa, and 12 taxa designated by the Ministry of Environment as red data of endangered vascular plants were investigated in this region. There were a total of 98 taxa of floristic regional indicator plants and one taxon of level I endangered species, Neofinetia falcata (Thunb.) Hu, as designated by the Ministry of Environment. 33 taxa have shown their southern distributional limit ranges, and 10 taxa of halophytes were confirmed in the Yeoseo-do (Isl.). In additon, 27 taxa of the naturalized plants were recorded.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.331-356
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• 2018

We investigated the flora of Jogyesan Mt. and discussed important vascular plants found on this mountain. In total, 16 separate field trips (20 days overall) were completed from 2013 to 2017. There are 577 taxa on Mt. Jogyesan, consisting of 115 families, 333 genera, 520 species, 8 subspecies, 45 varieties, and 4 forms. Eighteen endemic plants of Korea were found on Jogyesan Mt., including Carex okamotoi Ohwi, Coreanomecon hylomeconoides Nakai, and Stewartia koreana Nakai ex Rehder. There are 80 taxa of floristic regional indicator plants in total, including level V such as Adenophora palustris Kom. and level IV such as Dryopteris championii (Benth.) C. Chr. ex Ching, Gastrodia elata Blume, Lindera sericea (Siebold & Zucc.) Blume and Corylopsis glabrescens var. gotoana (Makino) T. Yamanaka. There also are 24 taxa of naturalized plants, including Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.396-418
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• 2018

This study was carried out to investigate the flora and the vegetation of Samusan mountain on Jecheon-si, located in the middle part of the Korean peninsula. The vascular plants which were collected in 9 times from June 2014 to October 2015 were identified as 502 taxa in total, including 102 families, 314 genera, 445 species, 6 subspecies, 49 varieties, 1 form and 1 hybrid. The largest families were as follows; Asteraceae (70 taxa), Poaceae (52 taxa), Rosaceae (30 taxa), Fabaceae (28 taxa), and Cyperaceae (20 taxa). Of them, Korean endemic plants numbered 10 taxa, and vascular plants listed in the red data according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) numbered 14 taxa. The floristic regional indicator plants found in this area were 61 taxa in total. Among them, 5 taxa revealed the floristic grade V, 11 for floristic grade IV, 14 for floristic grade III, 10 for floristic grade II, and 21 for floristic grade I. The alien plants were identified as 43 taxa and the percentage of naturalized index (NI) was 8.6%, and urbanization index (UI) was 13.4%, respectively. Samples of the forest vegetation on the Samusan Mt. were mainly classified as Pinus densiflora, Quercus variabilis, Q. acutissima, Q. mongolica, Zelkova serrata and Robinia pseudoacacia forest. The vertical structures of the forest were stable and the DBH-Class analyses showed that the dominant tree species would be maintained. In the surveyed areas, high plant diversity was shown, and a number of endemic, rare, calcicole plants and phytogeographically important plants were found. Nonetheless, numerous and diverse biological resources native have been consistently disturbed or damaged by human activities without some form of protection. Therefore, it is needed to set up strategies for conservation forest vegetation in this study area.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.433-443
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• 2017

Securing the species compositional integrity (typicalness and representativeness) is the essential prerequisite for an integrated management of vegetation resources using the phytosociological $relev\acute{e}s$ and plant communities of the Z.-M. school. This study is intended to develop a tool for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of species compositional homotoneity of a set of $relev\acute{e}s$ per syntaxon. The new homotoneities, actual homotoneity ($H_{act}$), and optimal homotoneity ($H_{opt}$) taking into account the heterogeneous factors of $relev\acute{e}s$ are proposed. The correlations between the floristic variables such as the vegetation type, the new homotoneities, and the previously studied homogeneous measures (e.g. Pfeiffer's homogeneity, basic homotoneity-coefficient, corrected homotoneity-coefficient, and mean floristic similarity) are analyzed by using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. $H_{act}$ and $H_{opt}$ are effective in determining the difference of inter-synthesized units and of inter-$relev\acute{e}s$, respectively. $H_{act}$ is the homotoneity that is the most independent of the number of $relev\acute{e}s$. On actual vegetation with long-term human impact in the Korean Peninsula, $H_{opt}$ has become an aid to the more precise understanding of $H_{act}$ as substantive homogeneousness of species composition of syntaxa. It is expected that $H_{act}$ and $H_{opt}$ can be used for the selection of a sort of homogeneous vegetation data to build a phytosociological $relev\acute{e}$-database with consistency and objectiveness for national vegetation resources.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.35-63
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• 2015

A floristic, field research was conducted from March 2005 to October 2012 the Woraksan National Park (N $36^{\circ}46^{\prime}{\sim}36^{\circ}59^{\prime}$, E $128^{\circ}02^{\prime}{\sim}128^{\circ}19^{\prime}$) to characterize the flora of the region. Especially, we divided the surveyed region into nine representative collection areas based on floristic components were compared and analyzed. This field study discovered significant plants in various categories. The 41 surveys revealed that the vascular plants in this region comprised 815 taxa: 116 families, 429 genera, 717 species, 4 subspecies, 78 varieties and 16 forms. In this study, 80 taxa were firstly recorded from this region. Korean endemic plants numbered 22 taxa, and the fifteen taxa rare plants designated by Korean Forest Service as were found in this region. The taxa in the category II of rare and endangered plants and the taxa with the higher rank than the third degree among the floristic regional indicator plants designated by Korean Ministry of Environment were one and 56, respectively. From a geographical perspective, limited distributions of Matteuccia struthiopteris, Spiraea trichocarpa, and Aster tataricus at a latitudes higher than that of Woraksan National Park. Moreover, this study has confirmed that the Woraksan National Park is the species diversity center for Asarum koreanum, Elsholtzia angustifolia, and Allium linearifolium in the central province of the Korean peninsula. Inaddition, the naturalized plants of 54 taxa were recorded.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.91-103
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• 1994

The floristic characteristics and ecological conservation measures for the plant resources of the Tokyusan National Park. Chollapuk-do, Korea were discussed. The field works was done for three times in nine major areas from April to July, 1993. The total number of vascular plants in this area were summarized as 97 families, 297 genera, 469 species and 541 kinds. The nineteen kinds of artificially planted, twelve kinds of Korean endemics and sixteen kinds of Korean rare and endangered species in the area were revised and compiled in the list. The flora of the area were categorized into the Southern part of the Korean Region, where the species such as Quercus serrata. Fraxinus sieboldiana, Ilex macropoda, Lindera erythrocarpa, Lindera glauca, Rubus coreanus, Taxus cuspidata, Cephalotaxus koreana and Abies koreana were roled as major floristic components in the Korean Region and endemized in the southern part of Korea. The natural communities such as Adonis amurensis Community, Taxus cuspidata Community, Betula ermanii Community, Hemerocalis spp. Community, Rhododendron tschnoskii Community, Rhododendron schlippenbachii Community, Disporum ovale Community, Tricyrtis dilatata Community, and present natural distribution of Abies koreana, and swamp vegetation in Tumunsan areas, as well as upland grassland at the summit of Hyangchokpong were represented for their floristic values in the area. The fifteen kinds of medicinal plants such as Gastrodia elata, seven kinds of ornamental plants such as Adonis amurensis, and thirteen kinds of edible plants such as Ligularia fischeri are faced potentially in endangered from the outrageous collections by the local peoples. The Action Plan for the conservation management of the area which enables sustainable use by the local peoples must be established in the near future.