• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.153-166
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• 2010

The study analyzes the lower-trunk sizes of 7-12 year old elementary school boys and compares sizes with boys, juniors, and men for analyzing and image fit. For the study, the data of SizeKorea (2004) was analyzed. Waist, hip, and the ratio of hip-thickness to hip-width were significantly different between age groups as well as between boys, juniors, and men. In the same height group, over 145cm boys had bigger waist than juniors and smaller waists than men. Therefore, the difference of waist size and the length of leg could cause the dissatisfaction of the pant fit when tall and plump boys chose a corresponding pants size to individual height or waist. The hip-thickness of body and pants patterns were compared in the analysis of the ease of hip-thickness. Tall and plump boys will feel discomfort in the crotch area because of the insufficiency of the hip-thickness of pants. Therefore, the amount of crotch extension of individual pants should be calculated by hip size instead of using the fixed amount. The reference sizes for discriminative pants for tall and plump boys were analyzed for a better fit.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.491-495
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• 1994

The ectopic eruption is defined rise to be abnormal eruption, which gives to displacement of the teeth and abnormal root resorption of adjacent teeth. The ectopic eruption of first permanent molar is approximately 2-4% of the population, most of them are in the maxilla, rarely in the mandible. In the case of the second permanent molars, most of them are found in the mandible for the reason of the arch length discrepancies and large size of the teeth. The ectopic erupted molars should be treated early in order to coordinate normal growth pattern and to obtain good occlusal support. So, this should be early diagnosed and treated. But, ectopically erupting molars are often self-corrected, hence periodic follow-up is required. The methods of the treatment are largely classified into surgical, surgical-orthodontic, and orthodontic method. Especially in orthodontic method, they are divided as follows; appliances that is positioned at the contact point for unlocking and the distal movement, fixed and removable appliance that is connected to more than one tooth, and occlusion guiding method after disking or extraction of the second deciduous molar. The report presents the good results in treating patients, whose chief complaint was ectopic eruption of mandibular permanent molars.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.1415-1422
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• 2011

In this paper, full color billboards for the efficient expression of the resolution to offer dual-scanning control method, using the LED display it on a fixed pixel video signal to the pixel dot pattern was changed. And DICT(Dynamic Image Correction Technology) using the main controller in accordance with video information, histogram equalization of image gray scale values to be uniformly distributed, and dynamically improves image quality by converting the area, and a dual auto-scan input video switching controller board as the pixels in the LED Module by controlling the physical manifestation of the existing board LED pixel dots than 4 times the resolution proposes a technique that can be expressed and made it through testing verified the performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.177-178
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• 2015

Sediments play a major role in determining pollution pattern in aquatic systems and reflecting the pollutant deposition. In the present study analysis the depth effect of organic pollutants and heavy metals using slow release biostimulant ball (BSB) in coastal sediment. BSB size fixed at 3cm, depth varied from 0cm to 10cm depth and 1 and 3 month interval period was carried out for the study. The organic pollutants of chemical oxygen demand, total solids and volatile solids were significantly changed at the surface sediment (0cm)in 1 month and 3 month interval time using BSB. In contrast, sediment depth increase upto 10cm the reduction percentage decrease like to control. Vertical distribution of heavy metals are not consistent from the surface layer toward the bottom layers. Heavy metals fractions were significantly changes, the exchangeable fraction was reduced and other organic and residual fractions were stabilized percentage are increased. This finding concluded BSB is effective for reduce organic pollutants, heavy metals stabilization from the contaminated sediment.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1181-1189
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• 2015

The treatment effect in clinical tests depending on dose of the drug; however, it can show a decreasing trend in fixed dose level due to side effects. The trend is known as an umbrella pattern; in addition, the method for the umbrella alternative is quite useful when the tendency is predicted in advance. In this paper, we propose a nonparametric method of umbrella alternatives for a one-way layout by using linear placement described in Orban and Wolfe (1982). The Monte Carlo simulation is adapted to compare the power of proposed procedure with previous methods.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.30 no.12 s.255
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• pp.1218-1227
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• 2006

In this paper a parametric study using an immersed boundary method has been carried out to investigate the effects of stable density stratification on the wakes past two identical three-dimensional hills aligned in tandem. The Reynolds number based on the uniform inlet velocity and twice the hill height was fixed at Re=300 while the Froude number based on the inlet velocity and the hill height was retained at Fr=0.2. Neutral flow without density stratification was also computed for comparison. Under a strong stratification, vertical motion of fluid particles over the three-dimensional hills is suppressed and the wake structures behind the hills become planar. Depending on the distance between the two hills, the flow pattern of each wake is significantly affected by the stratification. There is a critical hill distance at which flow characteristics drastically change. Qualitative and quantitative features of the wake interaction are reported.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.61-72
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• 2005

In this paper, we develop anti-sway control in proposed techniques for an ATC system. The developed algorithm is to build the optimal path of container motion and to calculate an anti-collision path for collision avoidance in its movement to the finial coordinate. Moreover, in order to show the effectiveness in this research, we compared NNP PID controller to be tuning parameters of controller using NN with 2 DOF PID controller. The experimental results for an ATC simulator show that the proposed control scheme guarantees performances, trolley position, sway angle, and settling time in NNP PID controller than other controller. As a result, the application of NNP PID controller is analyzed to have robustness about disturbance which is wind of fixed pattern in the yard. Accordingly, the proposed algorithm in this study can be readily used for industrial applications

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.300-305
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• 2018

The uncooled microbolometer thermal sensor for low cost and mass volume was designed to target the new infrared market that includes smart device, automotive, energy management, and so on. The microbolometer sensor features 80x60 pixels low-resolution format and enables the use of wafer-level vacuum packaging (WLVP) technology. Read-out IC (ROIC) implements infrared signal detection and offset correction for fixed pattern noise (FPN) using an internal digital to analog convertor (DAC) value control function. A reliable WLVP thermal sensor was obtained with the design of lid wafer, the formation of Au80%wtSn20% eutectic solder, outgassing control and wafer to wafer bonding condition. The measurement of thermal conductance enables us to inspect the internal atmosphere condition of WLVP microbolometer sensor. The difference between the measurement value and design one is $3.6{\times}10-9$ [W/K] which indicates that thermal loss is mainly on account of floating legs. The mean time to failure (MTTF) of a WLVP thermal sensor is estimated to be about 10.2 years with a confidence level of 95 %. Reliability tests such as high temperature/low temperature, bump, vibration, etc. were also conducted. Devices were found to work properly after accelerated stress tests. A thermal camera with visible camera was developed. The thermal camera is available for non-contact temperature measurement providing an image that merged the thermal image and the visible image.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.421-428
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• 2003

This study was conducted to determine the optimum blade shape for peeling Altari radish. To figure out the required peeling force according to various angles of blade and rakes of peeling cutter, two peeling tests such as circumferential peeling and longitudinal peeling of Altari radish were carried out. Based on the pretest results, which performed to investigate the applicability of the optimum shape of cutter and to find out the cutting pattern according to the lapse of days after harvesting the radish, the peeling depth and width of the blade were fixed at 2 mm and 10 mm. From two methods of circumferential and longitudinal peeling test, the angles of rake and blade as cutter shape factors were affected on peeling force. But the peeling speed was not affected on it under the safety speed as 0.2 m/s, without blade vibrating on peeling operation. The rake angle was more effective factor than the blade angle, and the optimum angles of blade and rake were 10$^{\circ}$ and 55$^{\circ}$ respectively. The cutting surface by the longitudinal peeling was more smooth than that by the circumferential peeling. There was no problem in peeling work during 4 days after harvest because the freshness of the Altari radish was maintained.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2006

Development of placenta is a complex process that is critical for the pregnancy and controlled by many factors including cytokines, hormones, growth factors and apoptotic molecules. Recently, it has been shown that progranulin (PGRN) functions in growth of embryo and trophectoderm as well as cell migration. To initiate understanding the role of PGRN in human placental development, we investigated the expression of PGRN mRNA and protein in early and late gestation human placentas, term cytotrophoblast cells and two choriocarcinoma cell lines, JEG-3 and Jar. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction identified mRNAs derived from the PGRN gene in all samples. Immunoblot analysis showed that PGRN proteins are present in early and late gestation human placentas with decreasing levels over gestation and that PGRN proteins are present in normal and transformed trophoblast cells. Immunohistochemical analysis using paraformaldehyde-fixed tissue sections taken from early and late stages of pregnancy showed that PGRN proteins are present in cytotrophoblast cells, syncytiotrophoblast and extravillous cytotrophoblast cells and that expression pattern of PGRN differed according to the stage of cell differentiation. The results of this study are consistent with the hypothesis that PGRN proteins have critical roles in placental development and suggest that PGRN may function in trophoblast cell growth and differentiation.