• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.155-163
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze life habits and senior fitness according to metabolic syndrome by sex and age in the elderly and prevent metabolic syndrome in the elderly. A questionnaire survey for life habits and senior fitness measurement were conducted with 159 old men and 233 old women(a total of 392) who used welfare facilities for the elderly located in G Metropolitan City. The results were as follows. 1. In the comparison of life habits according to metabolic syndrome by sex and age, while old men showed a significant difference in smoking, drinking and drug intake, and stress relief, old women showed a significant difference in drinking and drug intake and dietary habits. 2. In the comparison of senior fitness according to metabolic syndrome by sex and age, while old men had a significant difference in lower and upper body muscle strength, old women had a significant difference in lower and upper body muscle strength, and general endurance. Based on the findings, the elderly's life habits according to metabolic syndrome had a difference in smoking, drinking and drug, and dietary life and senior fitness had a significant difference in muscle strength, flexibility, and endurance. Thus, the elderly need the methods for exercise habits and stress relief for healthy life. Also, old men should steadily strive to improve flexibility, endurance, agility, and balance and old women should steadily strive to improve agility and balance. When the elderly are careful for decreased fitness with age and strive to maintain healthy life habits, their quality of life will be improved and metabolic syndrome will be prevented.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.237-250
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of exercise program for prevention of falling on physical fitness, posture and fall prevention self-efficacy for elderly women. 30 females above the age of 65 were subjects for this study. Over an twelve week period, 14women in the experimental group performed exercise 2 times a week for 60 minutes per session. 16women in the control group didn't participate in the exercise program. The independent variable was a exercise program for prevention of falling. Dependent variables were physical fitness, posture and fall prevention self-efficacy. Prevention of falling exercise program is consisted of an elastic band using exercise and Korean dance movement exercise. Physical fitness consisted of grip strength, upper and lower body endurance, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, balance, coordination. The posture was measured the static posture when standing, using a high-resolution camera, body style to automatically measure the distance and angle(M-zen, Korea). Posture was measured in both the coronal and sagittal plane via reference board. Fall prevention self-efficacy was measured via questionnaire using the Korea Falls Self-Efficacy Scale (FES-K). The physical fitness, posture and fall prevention self-efficacy were measured twice with pre and post exercise, and the difference between groups with Wilcox signed rank test, and the group-specific post verification was carried out with U-validated methods (Mann Whitney U test). Statistical significance level was verified by setting the p<.05. Lower body endurance, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, balance and coordination significantly increased in the experimental group. The control group was no significant increase in physical fitness variables. shoulder slope angle, pelvic slope angle(coronal/sagittal), leg length difference, scapular inferior angle and left/right calcaneus angle significantly decreased in the experimental group. Both the experimental group and control group were no significant increase in fall prevention self efficacy. The prevention of falling exercise program for elderly women indicated the positive changes in physical fitness(except grip strength) and posture(except upper body slope). However, there are no significant differences of falling prevention self-efficacy between the both group. Thus, the prevention of falling exercise program for the elderly has been proved that it is highly efficient on improving physical fitness and posture proofreading. However, we still need to consider supplement exercise for grip strength and upper body slope.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.3
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• pp.503-509
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Forest-walking exercise on gait pattern in the elderly. The subjects (n=37) were assigned to 2 groups: Forest-walking exercise (FWE) group (n=19, $66.34{\pm}4.31$ years old) and In-door treadmill-walking exercise (ITWE) group (n=18, $67.18{\pm}2.78$ years old). The subjects participated in FWE program or ITWE program (3 times/week, 80 min/day) for 12 weeks. The subjects were tested on functional fitness (strength, endurance, agility/balance, BMI) and gait pattern (cadence, velocity, and stability) at the beginning and the end of the 12-weeks program. For data analysis, mean and standard deviation scores were calculated, and independent t-test and repeated two-way ANOVA were used. The results of this study were as follow: First, FWE group was significantly more improved than ITWE group on functional fitness(lower-body muscular strength, lower-body flexibility, mobility, cardiorespiratory endurance) after 12-weeks exercise program. But both groups showed equally improvements on functional fitness (upper-body muscular strength, upper-body flexibility, BMI). Second, FWE group was significantly more improved than ITWE group on cadence, gait velocity, and gait stability after 12-weeks exercise program. Therefore, this study may suggest that Forest-walking exercise based on sensory-motor functional integration improves efficiently functional fitness and gait pattern in the elderly, and further becomes an effective exercise method that makes more dynamic life, and prevents from falling.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.245-251
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• 1995

Nine hundred and ninety-two isolates of Botrytis cinerea were obtained from infected strawberries, tomatoes and cucumbers in Taejon, Gongju, Puyo, Nonsan and Kimhae in Korea. Six hundred forty-two (64.7%) isolates were benomyl resistant (BR), 245 (24.7%) were procymidone resistant (PR), and 105 (10.6%) were dichlofluanid resistant (DR). In the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test, DR isolates showed mycelial growth on the PDA incorporated with 100 or 500 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of dichlofluanid, while dichlofluanid sensitive (DS) isolates did not grow on the PDA incorporated even with 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of dichlofluanid. Chemical concentrations for inhibition of spore germination were much lower than those for inhibition of mycelial growth. IC50 values, the effective concentrations for 50% inhibition of spore germination, for DR were 0.11~0.29 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, whereas they were 0.04~0.09 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml for DS isolates. In comparison of fitness-related characteristics such as virulence, sclerotial formation, and sporulation, DR isolates were inferior to DS isolates. However, mycelial growth was little different between DR isolates and DS isolates.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.387-401
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of job characteristics, career commitment, and the fitness relationship between the two variables on the nurses' job attitude(job involvement and job satisfaction). Data were collected using self-reporting questionnaire taken by 594 nurses working at eight university hospitals in Seoul and Chungbuk area. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficients, multiple regression through SAS program. The results of the study were as follows : 1. Three dimensions(task significance, skill variety, autonomy) of five core job characteristics have positive influence on job involvement and only one dimension(autonomy) of five core job characteristics has positive influence on job satisfaction of nurses. 2. The level of career commitment have positive influence on both job involvement and job satisfaction of nurses. 3. There were significant differences between ${\lceil}$high job characteristics-high career commitment${\rfloor}$ groups and ${\lceil}$high job characteristics-low career commitment${\rfloor}$ groups for job involvement and job satisfaction in nursing organization.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.776-788
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• 2019

This study developed an ergonomic Korean female military winter jacket and (inner and outer) pattern in in order to increase dimension and operational suitability for military missions. First we developed the 1st development pattern and sample jackets with improved dimensions and operational suitability based on a previous investigation of fitness and motion suitability of Korean female military winter jackets (inner and outer) and motion suitability by a wearing test. The evaluation result of fitness for the 1st development pattern were over 4.0 (5.0 Likert scale) for both the inner and outer jacket, a positive result and the result of motion suitability were over 3.5 in both the inner and outer jacket except for the neck front part by collar height. However, we did not modify the collar height because decreases in warmth and military regulations. We also evaluated appearance by experts that showed good results in both the inner and outer jacket. Finally, we developed a final pattern based on evaluation results and military regulations. Existing military uniform research was conducted mainly on male soldiers. Beginning with this study, we expect to expand research on the development of military uniform patterns suitable for a female soldier body type.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.334-340
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of skater exercise on cardiopulmonary fitness and balance function in patients with mild chronic stroke. Methods: A total of ten chronic stroke patients with mild neurologic deficits were recruited. The participants were divided into two groups, a skater exercise (n=5) and a control group (n=5). Skater exercise was performed by physical therapists in the experimental group, whereas patients in the control group conducted self-exercise. One session of the intervention was carried out for 30 minutes, three times per week for eight weeks. Cardiopulmonary function, falling index, and Euro-Quality of Life-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) were measured before and after the intervention. Results: No side effects were reported during and after skater exercise intervention. The peak aerobic capacity, falling index, and EQ-5D improved significantly in the experimental group compared with the control group after eight weeks of skater exercise (p=0.002, p=0.010, and p=0.006). Significant relationships were identified between the change in EQ-5D and peak aerobic capacity (R2=0.75, p=0.002)/falling index (R2=0.65, p=0.002). Conclusion: Skater exercise was an effective physical therapy to improve cardiopulmonary fitness and balance function in patients with mild chronic stroke.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 2017

PURPOSE: Regular physical activity in the elderly population has significant benefits for health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aquatic group exercise on body composition and mental health of the elderly females. METHODS: This study included 40 elderly women. The aquatic group exercise program was performed for an hour a day, 3 times a week for 12 weeks with moderate-intensity level. The body composition, physical fitness mental health instruments were used to measure the outcome variables before and after the program. Data was analyzed with SPSS using descriptive statistics and the t-test. RESULTS: It was found that the 12 week aquatic group exercise program had effects on body mass and BMR were significantly improved after the intervention of this study. In health related physical fitness, flexibility and sense of balance were significantly increased in the participants. In the mental health of the female elderly participants were evaluated in areas such as depression, sense of isolation, interpersonal anxiety, and sociality. They showed significant change in a positive way. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that aquatic group exercise should be activated and encouraged to enhance physical and mental health of elderly women and various types of manuals should be developed according to characteristics of programs to operate this exercise more effectively.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.281-290
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an 8-week competitive exercise program on physical fitness, psychological variables, and video-game playtime in game-addicted adolescents. Methods: All subjects were screened by a game behavior diagnosis scale questionnaire, and a total of 7 game-addicted, male adolescents ($16{\pm}2$ yrs of age) participated in the study. All subjects were informed of the study's purpose, procedures, and risks, and a consent form was obtained from each subject. The 8-week soccer and basketball exercise program included twice-weekly sessions of 120 minutes per session. All data were presented as $mean{\pm}SE$, and the variables were analyzed with a paired t-test. Results: Following the 8-week intervention, cardiovascular endurance and grip strength were significantly increased (approximately 17 and 7%, respectively [p<0.05]). Although there was no statistical significance on flexibility, vertical jump, and zigzag-run, all variables showed an increasing tendency. Anxiety levels changed from a mild anxiety state to a normal state, and depression levels also altered from moderate to a normal state. The video-game playtime was reduced about 20% during weekends and vacation periods. Conclusion: Given these combined results, 8 weeks of regular participation in competitive exercise (soccer/basketball) may contribute to positive effects on physical fitness, psychological variables, and video-game playtime in computer-game addicted adolescents.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.177-185
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of combined exercise on body composition, health-related fitness and blood lipid. Subjects was ten middle-aged man. The combined exercise program consisted of performed for 60min in a bout, 4 times a week at the intensity of heart rate max$(50\sim75%)$ for 12 weeks. and the change of %fat, learn body mass, body mass index, back strength, sit-up, sit and reach total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and high density lipoprotein cholesterol have been measured before and post exercise 12 weeks. Paired t-test was performed for data analysis at the 0.05 level of significance.