• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.159-166
• /
• 2015

Silica which is used for reinforcing filler in tire industry is widely known as eco-friendly material exerting $CO_2$ reduction effect through decrease of rolling resistance and improvement of wet grip. Generally silica is classified as a highly polar filler because it contains a large number of silanol (Si-OH) group on its surface. And also silica gives a lower reinforcing effect than carbon black due to its poorer rubber-filler interaction. Therefore silica is treated with silane coupling agent or activator, then following the conventional rubber blend method, vulcanized sheets were prepared using a hot press, and cure characteristics, mechanical properties and abrasion resistance of the test specimens were investigated. It was found that with an increase in the silane coupling agent content the tensile strength, 300% modulus and abrasion resistance increased while Mooney viscosity decreased and crosslink density slightly increased with an increase of activator.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• v.8 no.6
• /
• pp.268-275
• /
• 2000

After imposing a large pre-strain, anisotropy increases with increasing residual extension ratio. Gums have very low residual extension ratio and exhibit little anisotropy, while black filled SBR and especially sulfur-cured carbon black filled NR have large set and anisotropy. For carbon black filled rubber, samples subjected to tensile loading in perpendicular to the pre-strain direction have the same stress-strain curves shape as the sample without pre-strain (=isotropic samples), but slightly lower modulus. However, compared to isotropic or perpendicular directional samples to pre-strain direction, samples subjected to tensile loading in parallel to the pre-strain direction show low stress at low deformation, but have high stiffness at high deformation. Normalized anisotropy changes with strain. The normalized anisotropy for various deformations is a linear function of residual extension ratio.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.221-224
• /
• 2013

In this study, VOC analysis method of vehicle interior materials and parts treated to visible-light responsive photocatalyst was tested by sample bag filled with air instead of nitrogen. As a result, when analyzed VOC of vehicle interior materials and parts, sample bag filled with the nitrogen was not confirmed of effect reducing VOCs and formaldehyde. However, VOCs and formaldehyde of sample bag that was filled with air instead of nitrogen, decreased significantly. Reaction effect for visible light-responsive photocatalyst was confirmed that sample bag of vehicle interior materials and parts should be filled with air instead of nitrogen.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.395-401
• /
• 2015

A mini ball launch system was developed for the study of dynamic fracture of ceramic materials. The principle of velocity multiplication system is similar to two stage gun. The plastic sabot assembly houses steel plunger and the void filled with silicone rubber. The sabot is stopped by the stopper block then the steel plunger inside the sabot compress the silicone rubber to high pressure. Then the compressive energy of the silicone rubber is transferred to the ball. More than ten times of initial speed was attained. In this study, most effective silicone rubber for the highest final speed was chosen out of three different varieties by launch tests.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.137-147
• /
• 2016

The engine mount of a car subjected to a pre-load related to the weight of the engine, and acts to insulate the vibration coming from the engine by moving on large or small displacement depending on the driving condition of the car. The vibration insulation of the engine mount is an effect obtained by dissipating the mechanical energy into heat by the viscosity characteristic of the rubber and the microscopic behavior of the additive carbon black. Therefore, dynamic stiffness from the intrinsic properties of rubber filled with carbon black at the design stage is an important design consideration. In this paper, we introduced a hyper-elastic, visco-elastic and elasto-plastic model to predict the dynamic characteristics of rubber, and developed a fitting program to determine the material model parameters using MATLAB. The dynamic characteristics analysis of the rubber insulator of the ACTIVE MOUNT was carried out by using MSC.MARC nonlinear structural analysis software, which provides the dynamic characteristics material model. The analysis results were compared with the dynamic characteristics test results of the rubber insulator, which is one of the active mount components, and the analysis results were confirmed to be valid.

• Rubber Technology
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2008

Effects of silane modifier, bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT(S4)) and bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide (TESPD(S2)), on silica filled compound were investigated upon processability, dynamic, mechanical, heat build-up, blowout properties, and silica dispersion in natural rubber (NR). The temperature of the S2 treated silica compound generated higher than that of the S4 treated compound during internal mixer compounding. The shear viscosity of the S2 compound exhibited lower than that of the S4 compound and the viscosity measured in dynamic mode was close to each other. The elongation modulus of the S2 compound exhibited lower than that of the S4; however, the tear resistance strength of the S2 compound exhibited higher than that of the S4 compound. The loss tan$\delta$ values of the S2 compound exhibited higher than those of the S4 at room temperature. The augmentation of the test temperature lowered the tan$\delta$ values of each compound, which results in close tan$\delta$ values to each other at $100^{\circ}C$. The S2 compound deformed less than the S4 compound, and the blowout time of each compound was close to each other. The S2 compound generated more heat build-up than the S4 compound. The abrasion loss of the S2 compound was less than that of the S4 compound. The size of the silica agglomerate reduced on both S4 and S2 compounds upon vulcanization. The addition of the bifunctional silanes (S2 and S4) on silica filled NR compound improved the processability of each compound and their effects were more significant on the S2 compound than the S4 compound. After vulcanization the silica agglomerate size of each compound reduced compared with before vulcanization.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.165-173
• /
• 2001

This study examinated the application in construction field and the development of waterproofing material system by the spray water-soluble rubber asphalt to solve the problems of synthetic polymer sheet and gio membrane(A mat sheet of Bentonite) that had been used domestic waterproofing material in advance. As the result of study, characters of study water-soluble rudder asphalt are the follows: 1) The amount of water absorption was '0.06'g and the seepage quality was '0'g in result. 2) The tensile strength was about 30.7kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2 and the elongation was about 72.4% in result. 3) After reliance of temperature test had been ended, the tensile strength was about 72.4kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2 in low temperature and about 30.7kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2 in normal temperature. 4) After acid and alkaline treatment had been ended, the tensile strength was about 19.7kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and about 21.9kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2 in result. 5) After chlorine ion treatment had been ended, the tensile strength was 28.5kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and the elongation was 250% in result. 6) The impact performance was subsided at 1.5m height. 7) After promotion weathering had been ended, the tensile and elongation was about 26.0kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2, 214% in result. So, this study can propose the spray water-soluble rubber asphalt to satisfy the and durability of waste filled land.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.41 no.5
• /
• pp.649-661
• /
• 2021

This paper presents experimental and analytical studies to understand the behavior of crumb rubber concrete (CRC)-filled fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) and steel tube double skin column (DSC) and beam (DSB) members under cyclic loading. The main test variable was the percentage of rubber which ranged from 0 to 40%. For column members, different heights corresponding to different aspect ratios were examined to understand the to understand the effect of DSCs' slenderness on the cyclic response of the columns. the. The behavior of the specimens in terms of failure mode, strain development, energy dissipation, load-displacement response were presented and compared. The ability of the current provisions of the Australian codes to predict the capacity of such double skin members was also evaluated based on the test results. This study concluded that the reduction in the concrete strength was more severe at the material level compared to structural level. Also, as the load changed from axial compression in columns to pure moment in beams the negative effect of rubber percentage on the strength became less significant.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.59 no.1
• /
• pp.8-16
• /
• 2024

As regulations on greenhouse gas emission have strengthened globally, the demand for improved fuel efficiency in automobiles continues to rise. In response, the tire industry is actively conducting research to improve fuel efficiency by enhancing tire performance. In this study, silica-filled epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)/butadiene rubber (BR) blend compounds were manufactured according to ENR types and silica contents, and their physical properties and vulcanizate structure were evaluated. ENR-50, which has a higher epoxide content than ENR-25, exhibited stronger filler-rubber interaction, resulting in superior abrasion resistance. In addition, because of its high glass transition temperature (T_g), the wet grip performance of ENR-50 improved, even though the rolling resistance increased. Increasing the amount of silica had little effect on the abrasion resistance due to the increase in filler-rubber interaction and decrease in toughness. In addition, ENR-50 exhibited better wet grip performance; however, the rolling resistance increased. The results indicated that truck bus radial (TBR) tire tread compounds can be designed by applying ENR-50 to improve wear resistance and wet grip performance. In addition, by applying ENR-25 and reducing the silica contents improve fuel efficiency.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.296-303
• /
• 1991

Surface of crystalline silica was sequentially reacted with silane(A 187), liquid $rubber(CTBN{\times}8)$, and vinyl monomer(GMA) in existence of TEA(triethylamine) or BPO(benzoyl peroxide). It was mixed with epoxy resin at a ratio $0{\times}60%$ (vol. % ) of total component. For mixtures, viscous properties were investigated experimentally. 1) Coating ratio depended on pH of mixture and quantity of catalyst. 2) Treated silica represented lower viscosity than untreated. 3) Thixotropic index represented best at silica_content $15{\sim}23%$ and showed more large deviation over $120^{\circ}C$. 4) Relative viscosity followed kernel's at $0{\times}10%$ of silica content and get out of Mooney's at more than 15%.