• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.211-220
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• 1992

Both hydrolysed guar gum and polydextrose have been used as a major fiber source in preparations of unctional drink products and other food products. In this study we determined the effects of these fibers on lipid metabolism of normal rats with two different dietary fat levels by using cellulose as the control. Serum total lipid triglyceride total cholesterol and HDL-colesterol were determined with proper enzymatic methods. Feed intake weight gain and feed efficiency ratio were also calcula-ted. Polydextrose-fed group showed lower serum triglyceride level than hydrolysed guar gum-fed group regardless of fat level used in this study without changing total lipid level in the serum. We also observed that polydextrose-fed group showed low serum cholesterol level nummerically high serum HDL-cholestrol level and more excretion of fecal neutral sterols when compare with those values of hydrolysed guar gum-fed group. The results indicate that polydextrose might have more beneficial roles in lipid metabolism when compare with hydrolysed guar gum.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 1985

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary fiber sources and levels on serum lipids in rats fed a hypercholesterol diet containing 0.5% cholesterol. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 52.7 ${\pm}$ 7.27g were devided into sevel groups by completely randomized block design and fed various dietary fibers which were prepared from Rice bran, Siraegi (The dried green parts of a radish) and Bracken Fern at a level of 5% and 10% respectively. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows: 1. Body weight gains were not significantly different among the groups and food intake was significantly higher in rats fed a diet of Siraegi 10% than those fed the control diet. 2. Fecal wet weights were significantly increased in all experimental groups. 3. Levels of serum total cholesterol in all experimental groups were significantly lower than that of the control group except the level in the R 10(Rice bran 10%) group. 4. Free Cholesterol levels in the serum were increased in all experimental groups, especially the levels in the R 10 (Rice bran 10%) and S 10 (Siraegi 10%) groups were significantly higher than that of the control group. 5. Ester Cholesterol levels in the serum were significantly lower in rats fed the experimental diets than those fed the control diet. 6. There was a tendency of higher serum HDL-Cholesterol levels in R5 (Rice bran 5%), R10 (Rice bran 10%) and B5(Bracken 5%) groups compared to the control group however no significant differences were found between the control group and all the experimental groups except in the case of the S5 (Siraegi 5%) group. 7. LDL, VLDL-Cholesterol levels in the serum sere significantly reduced in the S5 (Siraegi 5%), B5 (Bracken 5%) and B10 (Bracken 10%) groups. 8. The HDL-C./Total-C. Ratio was increased in all experimental group especially the Ratios in the S5 and B5 groups were significantly higher than that of the control group.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.326-336
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• 1991

종류가 다른 채소 3종을 임의로 선정하여 마우스의 Na, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg 밸런스에 어떠한 영향을 미치며, 또한 채소의 종류나 양, 사육기간이 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인인지 조사하였다. 실험동물은 8주된 SPF계 마우스 130마리를 사용했으며 평균 체중은 $29{\sim}38g$이었다. 마우스 10마리를 대조군으로, 나머지 120마리를 3군으로 나누어 이를 다시 두군으로 나누어 한마리씩 분리 사육시켰다. 대조군은 물(2차 증류수)과 식이를 제한없이 주고 다른군은 물 대신 임의로 선정한 채소 3종(당근, 껍질콩, 호박)으로 대체하고 각군 20마리 중 10마리는 1주(단기간) 10마리는 2주(장기간) 사육시켜 실험 완료일 까지의 실험식이 섭취량이 대조군과 유의적인 차가 없는 마우스만을 실험대상으로 하였다. 또한 이들 채소의 양에 따라서 당근대량군(12마리), 당근소량군(10마리), 껍질콩대량군(11마리), 껍질콩소량군(9마리), 호박대량군(10마리), 호박소량군(14마리)으로 분류하였다. 체중증가는 대조군에 비하여 껍질콩대량군이 높게 나타났으며, 식이 효율은 대조군에 대한 차이가 없었다. 분변과 요량은 채소 급여에 의하여 증가하였다. 체중증가와 식이효율, 분변과 요량에는 채소의 종류나 양, 사육기간등이 작용인자로는 확인되지 않았다. 무기질 섭취량은 대조군에 비하여 Na, Ca, Fe, Cu가 호박대량군에서 가장 낮게 나타났고, K는 당근대량군이 가장 높게 나타났으며 Zn, Mg는 껍질콩대량군에서 가장 높게 나타났다. Na, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg의 흡수율과 밸런스는 대조군이 플러스의 균형을 나타내는데 반하여 채소 급여군은 모두 마이너스의 균형을 나타내었다. 채소의 종류, 양, 사육기간이 Na, K, Ca, Cu, Zn의 섭취량에, Cu, Zn의 흡수율에, K, Cu, Zn 평형에 각각 영향을 미치는 요인인 것으로 확인되었다. K, Zn, Mg는 대조군에 비하여 실험군의 섭취량이 증대 했음에도 불구하고 흡수율은 마이너스이였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.678-683
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• 2002

메보리인 송학과 찰보리인 찹쌀보리를 대상으로 ${\beta}-glucan$ 함량을 높인 농축획분을 제조한 후 이를 실험식이에 첨가하여 흰쥐의 혈장과 분변 콜레스테롤 대사에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 보리 ${\beta}-glucan$ 농축획분을 식이섬유원으로 첨가한 N glucan(5%)군과 W glucan(5%)군의 혈장의 총 콜레스테롤 함량은 fiber-free 군 및 control 군보다 낮았다. 혈장의 HDL 콜레스테롤 함량은 control 군이 30.2 mg/dL인 반면 N glucan(5%)군에서 39.6 mg/dL, W glucan(5%)에서 33.8 mg/dL로 나타나 보리 ${\beta}-glucan$ 농축획분 섭취에 의해 증가되었으며 통계적인 유의성이 메보리인 N glucan(5%)군에서 관찰되었다. 식이섬유 함량 10%까지 농축획분 첨가량을 증가시킨 W glucan(10%)군을 W glucan(5%)군을 비교해보면 식이섬유 함량이 증기됨에 따라 혈장의 중성지방 수치가 낮아지고 HDL 콜레스테롤 함량이 다소 증기되었으나 유의적이 차이는 아니었다. 변의 무게는 보리 ${\beta}-glucan$ 첨가 군들이 control 군보다 $1.5{\sim}2$배 이상 많았다. Control군인 cellulose 첨가군은 변으로 38.2 g/day의 콜레스테롤과 2.6 g/day의 중성지방을 배설하였다. 따라서 0.5%의 콜레스테롤을 첨가하고 5%의 식이섬유를 보리 ${\beta}-glucan$ 농축획분으로부터 공급했을 때 체내 지질 흡수가 일어나지 않도록 효율적으로 콜레스테롤과 중성지방이 배설되는 것으로 나타났다. 중성지방 배설과 관련된 효과는 송학 메보리보다 분자량이 크고 점성이 높은 찰쌀보리가 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.1573-1579
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• 2019

Objective: The research was conducted to determine the digestible (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) contents as well as the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients in corn, waxy corn and steam-flaked corn fed to growing pigs. Methods: Eighteen growing pigs with initial body weight of $15.42{\pm}1.41kg$ were randomly allotted to three diets including a corn diet, a waxy corn diet and a steam-flaked corn diet in a completely randomized design. Each treatment contained six replicates. The experiment lasted for 12 days, which comprised 7-d adaptation to diets followed by a 5-d total collection of feces and urine. The energy contents and the nutrient digestibility in three ingredients were calculated using direct method. Results: Compared to normal corn, both the amylose and dietary fiber contents in waxy corn were numerically lower, but the starch gelatinization degree was numerically greater. Moreover, the DE and ME contents as well as the ATTD of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in waxy corn were significantly greater (p<0.05) than those in normal corn when fed to growing pigs. Furthermore, the steam-flaked corn had greater (p<0.05) DE and ME contents, and ATTD of ether extract and ADF compared to normal corn. Conclusion: Both variety and processing procedure have influence on chemical compositions, energy contents and nutrient digestibility of corn. The waxy corn and steam-flaked corn had greater degree of starch gelatinization and DE and ME contents compared to normal corn when fed to growing pigs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.741-746
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• 1992

The effects of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% dietary cellulose levels on the nutrient utilization in chickens were investigated. Four experimental diets were alternatively given to 8 colostomized White Leghorn cockerels to make a $4{\times}4$ Latin-square design. The diets of 70 g.day were force-fed once a day, and water was given freely. The digestibilities of DM and energy increased linearly with the increase in dietary cellulose level. The digestibilities of ether extract and nitrogen-free extract were not so much influenced by the dietary cellulose level. The digestibility of acid detergent fiber was very low and not influenced by the dietary cellulose level. The digestibility of neutral detergent fiber was not different among the diets containing 5%-15% cellulose, but that of the 20% cellulose diet was diminished. This might be due to the reduction of hemicellulose digestibility. True digestibility and biological value of protein were also not influenced by the dietary cellulose level from 5% to 20%. In conclusion, no ill-effect was found even when the chicken was fed a diet containing 20% of cellulose.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.535-539
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• 2001

The modulating effect of feeding sea mustard (Undarina pinnatifida), a fiber-rich seaweed, during initiation and post-initiation phases of colon carcinogenesis was investigated in Sprague Dawley rats. Four groups of animals were exposed to the two weekly injections of a chemical carcinogen, azoxymethane (AOM). Animals were placed on diet containing 15% sea mustard during initiation. post-initiation or initiation+post-initiation phase of carcinogenesis for 10 weeks, and colonic aberrant crypt formation and cell proliferation were compared to those of rats fed semi-synthetic control diet. Results showed that sea mustard feeding significantly reduced the numbers of both aberrant crypts and aberrant crypt foci. Also, labeling indices and proliferation zones were significantly reduced in the colon of the rats fed sea mustard diets. These results indicate that the diet containing sea mustard may decrease the risk of colon cancer development, and a part of such effect may be mediated through both the blocking of initiation and the suppression of cell proliferation in the colonic crypts, although precise mechanisms should be further examined.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.401-405
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• 2002

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of caponization on the growth performance, breast and thigh muscles physical properties and fiber diameter of the Pectoralis major and Gastrocnemius pars externa in Taiwan country chicken cockerels. Caponized birds were surgically altered at 10 weeks of age. Birds were fed grower and finisher diets ad libitum during an eighteen-week experimental period. The results indicated that the live weight and feed intake in the capons were significantly (p<0.05) higher and the shank length was significantly (p<0.05) longer than in intact birds. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences in feed conversion and mortality between two treatments at 28 weeks of age. Compared with intact birds, the capons had greater (p<0.05) tenderness in the breast and thigh muscles. Cohesion of the breast muscle in the capons was significantly (p<0.05) better than in the intact birds, but the thigh muscles were not significantly (p>0.05) affected. No treatment differences (p>0.05) were associated with cooking loss, muscle chewiness, and elasticity. The capons had a significantly (p<0.05) smaller fiber diameter in the Pectoralis major, but were not significantly (p>0.05) different in the fiber diameter of the Gastrocnemius pars externa. It is concluded that castration did not depress growth compared with the intact birds, but did improve muscle tenderness. This difference was most pronounced in the thigh muscles.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.505-511
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• 2004

당근, 무 단세포물이 흰쥐의 배변특성, 무기질 흡수율 및 소장과 대장의 구조에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 5% 배합비에 해당하는 건조한 단세포물을 첨가하여 제조한 식이를 급여 후 무기질 흡수율, 변의 중량과 미세구조, 장 통과 시간, 소장과 대장의 무게 및 길이 등을 측정하였다. 당근, 무 생시료와 이들 단세포물의 식이섬유 함량과 조성을 분석한 결과 건물량 기준으로 생시료 건조물의 경우 당근은 총식이섬유 함량이 28.76%, 불용성 식이섬유 함량이 21.45%였으며, 무는 총식이섬유 함량이 23.14%, 불용성 식이섬유 함량이 16.77%였다. 단세포물의 경우 당근은 총식이섬유 함량이 44.68%, 불용성식이섬유 함량이 40.16%였으며, 무는 총식이섬유 함량이 48.0%, 불용성식이섬유 함량이 45.79%였다. 당근, 무와 같은 채소류의 단세포물은 불용성 식이섬유의 좋은 급원이었다. 32마리의 Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐를 대조군, 섬유소군, 당근 단세포물군 및 무 단세포물군 등 4개의 처리군으로 구분하여 5% 단세포물이 함유된 식이를 4주간 급여하였다. 무기질 중 Mg의 흡수율은 대조군에 비해 당근과 무 단세포물군에서 유의적으로 높았다. 그리고 섬유소 급여는 변의 양을 유의적으로 증가시켰으며, 지질소화율은 유의적으로 감소시켰다. 대장의 길이는 다른 군에 비해 당근과 무 군이 유의적으로 긴 것으로 나타났다. 또한 주사전자현미경에 의한 소장 융모 관찰 결과 섬유소와 단세포물급여군의 융모에서 수는 적고 잎모양의 돌림주름이 조밀하게 발달되어 있었다. 이상의 결과로 당근과 무의 단세포물 5%급여는 식이섬유 흡수율을 증가시키고, 체중도 유의적으로 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 변의 식이섬유 증가와 장통과 시간을 단축하는 것으로 나타났으며, 기타 변비와 관련된 배변특성 등에 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2024

본 실험은 자돈 사료 내 섬유소 공급원 및 첨가 수준의 차이가 이유자돈의 성장 능력에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 수행되었다. 섬유소 공급원으로 sugar beet pulp와 oat hull을 각 2%, 8% 첨가 수준을 달리하여 자돈에 급이하였으며, 처리구는 사료 내 항생제를 0.1% 첨가한 PC 처리구의 성장 성적에 비해 낮았으나, 항생제를 첨가하지 않은 NC 처리구에 비해 높게 나타났다. 또한 sugar beet pulp 8%를 급이 한 처리구는 PC 처리구와 유사한 성장 성적을 보였으며, 이는 섬유소 공급이 이유 후 자돈의 장내 환경에 긍정적 영향을 미친 것으로 사료된다.